乡村振兴背景下羌族地区民宿产业发展模式——基于阿坝州汶川县的调研

乡村振兴战略是民族地区高质量发展的必然选择,发展民宿产业是助推乡村振兴发展的重要途径。本文立足于汶川县乡村振兴的时代要求和民宿产业的发展趋势,分析得出羌族地区民宿产业面临发展要素不健全、业态发展不协调、管理体系不完善等现实问题,在此基础上找准民宿产业与乡村振兴之间的衔接点,提出“政府—企业—协会—经营者”四方联动模式,通过加强政府政策支持,统筹协调推进发展;引入企业资本投资,发挥企业合作优势;发挥民宿协会自治管理功能,积极配合相关政府部门指导民宿旅游经营管理;民宿经营者要因地制宜提升经营和服务水平,实现民宿产业有效供给,探求民宿产业发展助推乡村全面振兴的具体路径。     

西部民族地区旅游生态补偿政策实施的实践探索

The ethnic regions of Western Chi￣na are rich in ecological and cultural tourism re￣sources. At the same time, the regions are also ec￣ologically vulnerable areas with large populations of ethnic groups who have lived for a long time in poverty. Based on years’ investigation, it is obvi￣ous that tourism development, even though it can promote local economic development, has had a significant negative impact on the ecology, envi￣ronment and local communities. During the 18 th and 17 th National Congresses of the Communist Pary of China, a policy was announced to improve ecological compensation and accelerate the estab￣lishment of an ecological compensation mecha￣nism. So far, both government and academia have mainly focused on the effects and necessities of building a mechanism for ecological compensation. Of special concern, even if governments at all lev￣els sequentially enacted a series of policie with cer￣tain characteristics of ecological compensation, the public is still questioning the impartiality and legit￣imacy of the charges of such policy of ecological compensation. Thus, the task of implementing the ecological compensation policy faces many obsta￣cles. At present, the core research issue on eco￣logical compensation is no longer just the question of why it should be charged. This question was al￣ready clearly stated in official documents from cen￣tral government. Up to now, the core issues that need clarification are:in practice, how the charge be made; what amount of money should be charged;how will the revenue from the charge be used;how will the revenue derived from the charge be audited; and whether or not this charge can help to achieve government objectives in such a way.
Based on the unique background of the ethnic regions of Western China, this paper deeply analy￣ses issues of implementing policies such as ecologi￣cal compensation for tourism, including the illegi￣bility and legitimacy of who should pay, how much should be paid, and how to manage the funds im￣partially; and providing scientific and reasonable countermeasures to solve these practical problems. Compared with other industries, the tourism indus￣try became the pioneer for the practice of ecologi￣cal compensation as well as the research objective of ecological compensation studies. Some research￣ers defined ecological compensation for tourism as a system of regulating related ecological interests to protect the ecosystems of tourism destinations and promote sustainable development of the tourism in￣dustry ( Zhang Yiqun, Yang Guihua, 2012 ) . Al￣though such a definition is still fuzzy, at least it in￣dicates that the research of ecological compensation for tourism involves interdisciplinary fields inclu￣ding Economics, Sociology, Ecology and Tourism, etc. Currently, the research of ecological compen￣sation for tourism has insufficient first hand empiri￣cal research data. At the same time it has not yet had nationwide impact, either domestically or over￣seas. The research on implementing policies for the ecological compensation of tourism is at an early stage in China.
Obviously, it is hard to find sufficient re￣search results or research methods for reference, which brings certain limitations to this paper. To demonstrate the scope of this study, this paper de￣fined tourism ecological compensation as exploring the feasibility of spending fiscal revenue ( paid by tourism enterprises, tourists or other stakeholders) on protecting natural ecological environment. Based on this definition, this paper generated three actual issues with regard to implementing policies of ecological compensation for tourism, including the vagueness of the charge, the lack of unified, standard levies, and the non-tranparency of fund management. Combined with analyzing the current special background of implementing policies of ec￣ological compensation for tourism in the ethnic re￣gions of Western China, and by especially empha￣sizing the local communities of the ethnic groups who should be compensated, this paper tries to provide scientific and reasonable countermeasures consisting of implementing corresponding national policy, formulating correlated policy in accordance with local conditions and standardizing and institu￣tionalizing fund management. This paper not only attempts to support strongly implementing policies of ecological compensation for tourism at the insti￣tutional level, but also to coordinate the contradic￣tions between tourism development and ecological protection, and local community self - develop￣ment, hoping to achieve the win-win objectives of promoting an ecological compensation policy for tourism, tourism poverty alleviation and ecological civilization.     

西藏体育旅游资源优势与发展对策研究

体育旅游是近年来兴起的现代旅游方式之一,且已成为旅游市场的一个新亮点。西藏拥有丰富的体育旅游自然资源与人文资源,体育旅游发展前景广阔。但西藏地处高原,交通设施相对落后,制约了体育旅游的发展。因此,西藏要结合实际,抓住机遇,充分发挥政府的主导作用,制定对策,建设和完善基础设施,扩大宣传,加强西藏体育旅游资源的整体规划与开发,打造体育旅游精品项目,促进西藏体育旅游业的快速发展。     

近十年国产少女题材电影的现实叙事探微

作为青春题材电影的一部分,少女题材电影以少女为叙事主体,以她们的青春成长为叙事内核,表现其生活经验与精神世界。近年来出现的一批现实主义走向的少女题材电影开辟出青春电影发展的新路径,影片将少女置身于家庭、学校及社会的多重生存空间中,表现她们与外部世界的冲突以及身份认同的困境,在姐妹情谊、父女及同龄异性关系中展现多面少女形象。在国产少女题材电影的现实叙事中,少女们不再是活在怀旧型青春片中男性记忆里被美化、被凝视的消费对象,女性成为欲望主体。直面女性身体特征,进而表现其深邃多元内心世界的创作手法,成为近年来国产少女题材电影建构女性主体意识的途径之一。少女题材电影的现实叙事将少女成长的独特体验与社会议题相结合,影像内涵突破了个人私语式的感性表述,具有了更多的社会反思价值。     

洋浦经济发展与旅游资源开发

本文论述洋浦经济发展与旅游资源开发的相关问题。     

“空间、空间生产”五问——对张之沧教授几个观点的质疑

既然空间是物质的存在方式,它就不可能具有主观性、意识性,也不可能是精神的存在方式。先在的、外在于人类实践的自然空间不可能是人创造的。我们在改造自然的同时,也改变了自然事物的原有空间形式,新的空间形式是适合于人类生活的。但我们不能创造物质本身,只能改变物质的具体形态,因而,我们也不能创造空间本身,只能创造具体事物的空间形式。社会存在是物质的高级存在方式,社会存在的空间形式可以称之为社会空间。但"社会空间"不表示这种空间具有社会性。社会存在包含着自然存在,不是自然存在的存在是非存在。社会空间实际上是社会存在的自然物质基础具有的空间形式。空间是物质的自然属性而非社会属性,"社会空间"不具有社会性。空间的生产只是生产的一个方面,不能用"空间生产"的概念代替"物质生活资料的生产"和"生产方式"的概念,应当从生产方式来理解人类历史和帝国主义、霸权主义在空间上的扩张、争夺。     

交往的发展——居民参与的社区营造模式探讨

居民参与社区建设和营造是解决我国当代居住社区邻里交往缺失的途径之一。本文探讨了居民参与社区建设应始于何处,建筑师应如何通过设计手段引导和启发居民进行参与活动,在参与的同时促使居住区社会网络的形成与成熟,达到改善居住区人际关系的最终目的。     

浅析《礼记》日常居住生活的公共伦理

居住生活的"公共伦理"为人们在日常居住的公共领域中反映出来的价值观及应遵循的基本行为规范。《礼记》中的"公"既有先秦早中期对国君的称呼及其管辖的共同体之义,亦有晚期表达"公平"的伦理含义;居住的"公共领域"包括家庭内部的公共空间和围绕居宅的公共领域。通过居住空间的伦理分割、公共举止规范和交往语言禁忌的方式,"礼"塑造了人们关于公共行为是非判断的道德感,获得生活的安定和社会的秩序。     

国外城市居住空间的生态学研究历程

城市居住空间结构研究一直是城市社会空间结构研究的重点之一。古典人类生态学借用生态学的基本概念和原理对城市居住空间演变进行了系统的研究,创立了同心圆模型、扇形模型、多核心模型三大经典模型。现代生态学认为社会是个生态系统复合体,文化赋予空间特质。社会生态学认为前两者割裂了生态与社会的关系,应从整体性和最根本的社会制度去研究城市居住空间以及人与社会的关系。     

略谈海南度假旅游中的休闲体育

本文对海南度假旅游中的休闲体育的相关问题加以论述。本文对海南度假旅游中的休闲体育的相关问题加以论述。