共同演化及其空间隐喻

共同演化是一种自然和社会现象,引起科学界的高度关注,但是其空间内涵并没有得到明确讨论。本文首先介绍生物学领域的共同演化进展,并指出共同演化研究的基本单元是种群。第二部分在提出共同演化研究的刚性标准后指出,经济学和经济地理学领域的共同演化研究首先必须是演化经济学的,并回顾了经济管理领域内共同演化研究进展。第三部分提出并讨论了共同演化的空间内涵:即企业共生和产业共栖,组织、技术和制度同时本地化,跨地界多层嵌套演化。     

北京建设世界城市的市域空间发展模式研究

针对世界城市的空间发展模式以及网络化大都市的空间发展模式,从世界城市的空间结构特征和发展趋势出发,北京在建设世界城市过程中应打造多中心、网络化的市域空间结构,构建网络化大都市应成为北京建设世界城市的市域空间发展模式。为优化北京市域空间结构,推进北京建设世界城市的步伐,应在市域层面上构建网络化大都市,重点开展包括促进城市空间的多中心发展,加快四大城市功能区的建设,深化多中心间的专业化分工和职能互补,加速中心城区城市职能转移,建立紧密的空间联系在内的四大重点工作。     

On Estimating the Reduced Second Moment Measure of a Stationary Spatial Point Process

A method is proposed for estimating the covariance structure of a nonparametric estimator for the reduced second moment measure, K(s) , of a homogeneous planar Poisson process. The method relies on the invariance of the reduced second moment measure to random thinning, and the known covariance structure of the estimator under random sampling from a fixed set of points. The possible extension of the method to stationary Cox processes is discussed.     

山西战争文化地名类型、空间分布特征及背景分析

山西历史时期战争频繁，形成了富有区域特色的战争文化。山西与战争相关的地名作为战争文化的重要组成部分，分布广，数量大，类型丰富，不仅包括关、城、堡、寨等军事设施和营、屯、所、队等古军制之类外延型地名，还包括用战争英雄、军事传说、战争意愿命名有特定战争涵义的内涵型地名。受历史战争和其他文化影响，军事文化地名在山西各区域的分布是不均衡的，呈现条、块状等规律性。它的形成背景既受历史战争的遗迹的影响，也是人类战争防御意识的反映。     

Intensity Estimation for Spatial Point Processes Observed with Noise

Abstract.  This article introduces a kernel estimator of the intensity function of spatial point processes taking into account location errors. The asymptotic properties of the estimator are derived and a bandwidth selection procedure is described. A simulation study compares our results with that of the classical kernel estimator and shows that the edge-corrected deconvoluting kernel estimator is more appropriate.     

从空间批评视角解读乔伊斯的《小云朵》

空间批评关注空间的社会文化等属性，文本中的空间是一种蕴含多维意义的指涉系统。乔伊斯的短篇小说《小云朵》分别从景观空间、社会空间和个体空间3个角度呈现精神瘫痪的都柏林：景观空间反映都柏林社会的沉闷压抑、毫无生气、令人窒息；社会空间为情节提供发展的广度；个人空间则折射出主人公压抑的心情。这3种空间成为小说中的一种指涉系统，成功展现都柏林这座瘫痪中心的全景。     

Spatial Modeling of Habitat Preferences of Biological Species using Markov Random Fields

Spatial modeling has gained interest in ecology during the past two decades, especially in the area of biodiversity, where reliable distribution maps are required. Several methods have been proposed to construct distribution maps, most of them acknowledging the presence of spatial interactions. In many cases, a key problem is the lack of true absence data. We present here a model suitable for use when true absence data are missing. The quality of the estimates obtained from the model is evaluated using ROC curve analysis as well as a quadratic cost function, computed from the false positive and false negative error rates. The model is also tested under random and clustered scattering of the presence records. We also present an application of the model to the construction of distribution maps of two endemic bird species in México.     

刑事管辖权含义辨析

刑事管辖权应当再划分出刑事立法管辖权和刑事司法管辖权。刑法空间效力范围是与刑事立法管辖权相同的概念,属于刑事管辖权的下位概念。目前我国论著中使用的刑事管辖权,有时实际指的是刑事立法管辖权(即刑法空间效力范围),有时实际指的是刑事司法管辖权。国际刑事管辖权是国际刑事立法规定的对国际犯罪的刑事立法管辖权。它是国内刑法确立对国际犯罪行使刑事管辖权的依据。     

Designing for equality: Conceptualising a tool for strategic territorial planning

The struggle for equality is fundamental to the reduction of poverty in Central America. Besides, one of the foremost goals of urban spatial planning, when implementing social policies, is to contribute to the reduction of poverty. This is done by producing a list of territorially-based actions and selecting those suitable for the implementation of social policies developed at national level. However, urban planners working with local authorities in the Region face political, managerial, financial and technical limitations for adequately conducting this task. Of particular interest to this paper are the limited options they have for technically assessing the impact that territorially-based actions have on reducing inequality, and therefore poverty.An operational methodology is proposed in this paper, as a step forward to enable planners to simulate, assess and monitor the impact of territorially-based actions on inequality, and to promote the use of evidence from statistical data when proposing, implementing and monitoring those actions. The methodology is introduced by inscribing it in the context of urban spatial planning, presenting the concepts that underpin it, describing how it is intended to work, and illustrating its use through the presentation of an empirical study.     

广东省惠州市南北城区沿线区域空间开发策略

随着惠州市行政区划的调整以及惠澳和惠南大道的修建,联系惠州市南北两个中心城区的沿线地区区位优势彰显,城市开发进程加快,对这一地区土地的高效利用和空间开发战略的研究,是在新一轮发展阶段中保证惠州城市功能继续提升以及城市快速、协调、可持续发展的重要手段。鉴于此,作者依据空间结构研究的经典理论,提出惠州市南北城区沿线地区空间开发策略:将惠州市区内部的城市发展轴融入到珠三角大都市区中;对区域发展优势条件进行合理组织、优化,形成系统集成的城市综合发展走廊;形成一轴两带、两个城市服务中心、九个发展单元的空间形态。这将对惠州的城市建设和珠江三角洲东北部地区的发展及整个珠江三角洲的网络化建设均具有重要的学术价值和实际意义。