定位:服装教学改革的切入点

针对入世后服装行业需要的人才类型,提出服装设计专业应积极推进教学改革,在教学计划制订、教学方式创新及师资队伍建设方面与社会、企业接轨,更关键的问题在于,学校要根据不同地区和学校实际情况进行有效定位。     

高等学校实验教学改革的主要途径

针对现行的实验教学方法在专业实验课教学实践存在的弊端,作者从实验教学条件、方式、师资、教材、考核、管理和基地七 个方面探讨了如何进一步改进专业实验课教学,提高学生的实验技能,培养高素质创新人才。     

工业工程专业"管理信息系统"课程设计的几点探索

面向企业的工业工程专业学生在"管理信息系统"(简称MIS)课程设计的过程中,由于时间和条件所限,无法真正到企业调研并解决企业信息化课题.因此,如何在课程设计的题目设计,需求分析、系统开发及项目管理等环节充分模拟企业环境,使学生充分了解企业信息化的相关问题,将显得尤为重要.文章旨在就以上方面进行了一些探索.     

技能专用性与劳动力市场组织形式

鉴于威廉姆森的企业治理结构的分析方法,按照企业技能的专用性把劳动力市场划分为四种类型,其中,关系合约是雇用双方建立的一种长期的稳定的就业制度,这种制度是一种自我实施的制度,它有利于雇员的人力资本积累和企业长期绩效的提高,并且对于我国建立现代企业的激励制度具有重大的现实意义。     

提前期、构建成本和短缺量拖后率均可控的EOQ模型

传统库存模型通常将提前期和构建成本视为不可控制。事实上可以通过追加投资缩短提前期和降低构建成本。缺货期间,为减少订单丢失量和补偿顾客的损失,供应商会给予一定的价格折扣。现实库存系统中,容易得到需求的期望值和标准差,但较难得到其分布规律。基于此,考虑短缺量拖后率与价格折扣和缺货期间库存水平相关,提出了一种需求为任意分布且提前期和构建成本均可控的EOQ模型,证明了模型存在唯一最优解,给出了一种寻优算法。数值仿真分析表明,一般情况下,压缩提前期和降低构建成本能降低订购批量和安全库存,降低库存总成本;短缺量拖后系数和缺货概率对库存总成本影响较大,企业应尽量降低缺货概率,尤其在短缺量拖后系数较小时。     

人生与文学的二重奏——叶梅、叶广芩创作观念与文学风格比较

同为少数民族女作家,叶梅和叶广芩有着截然不同的文风。她们又有着许多契合之处,如对自身民族文化的坚持和对地域之美的成功描写。两人都善于把人情伦理刻画得细致入微。两人最大的共同处还在于相似的创作经历与对人的命运的积极探讨。她们的小说作品之所以能成为广受好评的杰作,主要是因为对文学使命的秉承,自身多元文化与复杂经历融合的背景,不屈的文学个性;另一方面,独到的艺术风格和民族性,也使得她们的作品非同凡响。     

发挥高校优势，立足服务“三农”，打造特色专业

农林高等教育承担着培养建设社会主义新农村应用型人才的重任,为此农林院校要充分发挥其教学和科研优势,不断加强特色专业的建设和发展,提升高校的办学功能。天滓农学院根据都市型农业生态旅游发展对人才的需求,充分发挥其农林学科优势,坚持产学研相结合,在都市型农业生态旅游这一特色专业建设上进行了有益的探索和实践。     

中国慈善组织的法律形态及其设立对策

近年来,中国慈善活动开展热烈,但"双重许可"设立原则使中国慈善组织的设立平添障碍,慈善组织法律形态呈现单一型设置状态,非法人形态的慈善组织未被有效定位,慈善组织本身存在"非法"现象。而中国政府对民间团体过于审慎的态度和非法人团体立法规定的模糊,更在一定程度上制约着市场经济下中国慈善组织的发展。为保障中国慈善活动的顺利进行,促进慈善组织规模的扩大、规范,有必要确立慈善组织法人和非法人团体并存的法律形态,并明确设立规则,从多个层面为中国慈善事业法律体系的建构提供良好组织基础。     

An estimation of distribution algorithm for lot-streaming flow shop problems with setup times

Lot-streaming flow shops have important applications in different industries including textile, plastic, chemical, semiconductor and many others. This paper considers an n-job m-machine lot-streaming flow shop scheduling problem with sequence-dependent setup times under both the idling and no-idling production cases. The objective is to minimize the maximum completion time or makespan. To solve this important practical problem, a novel estimation of distribution algorithm (EDA) is proposed with a job permutation based representation. In the proposed EDA, an efficient initialization scheme based on the NEH heuristic is presented to construct an initial population with a certain level of quality and diversity. An estimation of a probabilistic model is constructed to direct the algorithm search towards good solutions by taking into account both job permutation and similar blocks of jobs. A simple but effective local search is added to enhance the intensification capability. A diversity controlling mechanism is applied to maintain the diversity of the population. In addition, a speed-up method is presented to reduce the computational effort needed for the local search technique and the NEH-based heuristics. A comparative evaluation is carried out with the best performing algorithms from the literature. The results show that the proposed EDA is very effective in comparison after comprehensive computational and statistical analyses.     

Scheduling to minimize stringer utilization for continuous annealing operations

In this paper we present a mathematical program and heuristic algorithms to schedule coils for the production operations in a copper (or steel) coil manufacturing industry. The processing facility uses continuous operations for processing (e.g., galvanizing and annealing) while the handling unit is a discrete coil. The ends of coils are “stitched” or welded together to enable continuous processing, and the joint is later sheared off to obtain the processed coils. Processing constraints impose restrictions on the compatibility between a pair of coils that are overcome by introducing a dummy coil called stringer, which is very expensive to a mill. This paper deals with modeling the sequencing/scheduling problem of coils on parallel non-identical machines to minimize stringer utilization. Both computational and practical experiences show the efficiency and effectiveness of the solution approaches. Implementing these methods in an actual coil annealing facility resulted in 65% reduction in stringer utilization.