论临时复制的法律定性

作品在线使用的日益普及,使得临时复制的法律定性成为一个具有理论和实践价值的重要问题。以是否对临时复制件进行再利用为标准,可以将临时复制分为两类。其中没有对临时复制件进行再复制或间接传播的临时复制不属于复制。作品的在线使用所对应的临时复制件仅仅被感知的临时复制不属于复制。     

论公民言论自由的价值及其法律限制

言论自由是公民的一项最基本权利,包括言论与不言论的自由。言论自由的价值在个人的发展、社会的进步与国家的建设三个维度上得以体现。但言论自由不等于自由言论,无限制的言论自由只会导致言论的不自由。因此,言论自由在受到法律保护的同时也要受到法律的限制。     

实践与自由：马克思哲学思想的构境论

从实践出发,分析和阐释人的实践活动中的自由与不自由的现状,指认真实共同体是人自由存在的根据;立足唯物史观对资产阶级的自由观予以批判,指出自由观存在的片面性及其阶级实质。从马克思对必然王国和自由王国的内在逻辑关系阐释出发,论证我们走中国特色社会主义道路的必然性及现实意义。     

Speech Timing of Mood Disorders

Summary

Computerized evaluation of pauses between spoken words can be conducted in the medical office or over the telephone. Frequency and duration of long speech hesitation pauses (LP = > 1 sec.) can be correlated with coronary-risk and mood. Pauses of 100 + msec are sorted into many fluency levels. Peak fluency of LP irrespective of pause-time, and at maximal pause-time, are behavioral correlates of mood. At intermediate fluency they are explained by left-hemisphere, right-hemisphere and interhemispheric transit, respectively. Short pauses (SP = < 1 sec.) sorted at these fluency nodes monitor competence of asymmetric and interhemispheric brain functions. Diurnal mood variation is monitored by comparing the morning and evening frequency and duration of the patient's pauses. The frequency of pauses within < 1.16 second may diagnose manic mood modulated by the basal region of the right temporal lobe. LP and SP may monitor interrelationships among mood and thought disorders subserved by the left dorsal prefrontal cortex.     

Student Rights in an Age of Austerity? ‘Security’, Freedom of Expression and the Neoliberal University

In this profile, we examine a worrying trend taking place in institutions of higher education around the world: a notable increase in their managerial corporatization and neoliberalization, combined with greater repression of freedom of expression on campuses under the aegis of ‘securitization’. We focus attention specifically on how these twinned trends have impacted student activism in a post-2008 austerity-driven economic environment. Drawing on examples from Canada and elsewhere, we highlight attempts to depoliticize and institutionalize student engagement, as well as evidence of students working to break free of myriad constraints to foment change in their respective communities.     

《许三观卖血记》“前景化”直接引语的美学价值

《许三观卖血记》是一部主要由人物直接引语叙述修辞来展示的小说,大量直接引语的配备增强了文本的直接性、生动性和戏剧性,对塑造人物性格起到了很好作用。但文本中也存在许多有悖于相关准则的直接引语现象：从直接引语的结构来看,文本中存在少量直接引语的变异形式;从叙述的流利性来看。有的直接引语并不干净利落,显得相当笨拙;从人物对话原原本本的记录来看,有的直接引语不符合现场对话的叙述语境;从特殊的音响效果来看,有些直接引语与人物特定的心理状态不相吻合,等等。这些具有“前景化”特征的直接引语,对凸显文本主题具有重要的美学意义。     

The University in Botswana and the liberation struggle in southern Africa (1973–1980)

This article documents key aspects of the role played by University students in Botswana in the liberation struggle, from the early years of the University in the mid‐1960s to the year of Zimbabwe’s independence in 1980. Three demonstrations by University students are analysed, and the article concludes that, contrary to the received literature, the University contributed to the liberation struggle in a meaningful way. Although students at the University continued to play a part in the liberation struggle after 1980, this period is not discussed as the liberation struggle became just one of the key agenda items in a broadened political programme that focussed on local concerns of the students such as fees, allowances, institutional governance and democratisation.     

Chapter 5 Lonesome in the Saddle

Abstract

Older people create a sense of self through the decisions they make about their sense of place in the world. Through a series of ethnographic life-stories, drawn from the lives of retired people in an upstate New York community, consideration is given to the meanings that mature men and women attach: to leaving work; to choosing to stay in or leave the home or residence that they have been living in; and to weighing the options of remaining in or moving from their community. The meaningfulness of family, home, possessions, travel, community, and ties to the land, all emerge from these accounts. In negotiating these issues, people also have to deal with a number of conflicting American values, including the tensions between freedom and responsibility, autonomy and rootedness, and adventure and security. The classic American images of the “settler” and the “cowboy” help to convey some of these contradictions.     

善治：自由与秩序的张力

德治和法治都是以人为实现经济发展、科技进步或社会和谐之手段的社会治理模式,因而可能成为约束或限制人类自身发展的桎梏。善治不是以＂治＂人为最终目的,而是以人的全面自由发展为最终目的,保证人类自身不在物质繁荣的过程中被异化为工具。善治在个体自由的离心力与社会秩序的向心力之间寻求一种动态的平衡,以公平、正义的社会制度为基本保障,以人的道德自觉与向善追求为主要特征。     

浅析大学自治与学术自由

大学自治与学术自由作为现代大学的基本精神,需要制度性的规定进行保障。学术自由是一个相对的概念,没有超然于现实政治之外的学术绝对自由。问题的关键在于:如何将学术自由与政治保持在适当的距离?而这个适当的距离又如何衡量?很显然,以纯粹探求知识为目的、在动机上排除政治性的功利主义动机是将学术研究与政治保持距离的基本要求。但是,另一方面,正如洪堡所提出的那样,政府及国家的作用不应限制教授治校的原则与学术研究的内容及方向,更不能影响知识的传承。