制度设计与变迁--社会主义经济体制的历史考察

马克思主义的社会主义观是价值目的、科学方法与制度设计三位一体的。像任何经济体制一样,社会主义经济体制是制度设计和自发发展的力量互相推动的结果。在经济落后的国家进行社会主义建设,发展战略的选择对于经济体制的形成具有特别重要的影响。从马克思主义创始人对社会主义经济体制的最初设计到中国的市场取向改革,以及整个20世纪社会主义的经验表明,在社会主义经济体制的创立过程中,既要重视制度设计,又要为自发发展留出足够的空间。     

Pentimento

Abstract

When asked to consider writing a personal essay about a transformational moment in the development of myself as a clinician, this unfolding of events immediately came to mind. This moment captures a story about my development as a clinical social worker through my personal psychoanalysis. Sometimes, when one can contain his/her anxiety about receiving, a spontaneous and wonderful gift may present itself for the opening. This is my offering-a gift to students of clinical process.     

英语教学中培养大学生自主学习能力的教学策略探讨

通过分析传统英语教学模式的弊端，大班英语教学面临的现状和学生的学习实际，阐述了大学英语教学中培养学生自主学习的必要性。并且根据英语学科的特点，就如何培养大学生的自主学习能力提出了相应教学策略。     

自发秩序与我国证券市场效率分析

证券市场最基本的功能就是对资本资源的优化配置。由于我国证券市场还不够成熟与规范 ,证券市场在一定程度上形成了政府为了国企脱困而进行筹资的功能 ,使其内在市场效率低下。本文拟根据哈耶克的自发秩序理论 ,来说明在内部规则与外部规则的冲突与协调下 ,耦合秩序是如何达致市场效率的 ,进而说明在目前我国经济的转轨过程中 ,政府政策必须有“进”有“退” ,才能使证券市场真正成为一个优化配置资本资源的高效率市场     

牧歌原野寓情忧郁--从迟子建新作《采浆果的人》谈起

迟子建的小说以其"北极村童话"式的世界、散文化的笔法、忧郁的情怀等构成的开放文本而独行于世.<采浆果的人>延续了这一特征,并使其艺术性与审美性更加纯粹化与个人化.小说中的风景是北国特有的,也是意境的支撑;人物仍然是开化不够,却坚韧而朴素;语言由悬念句子铺就,弥漫着自由与散淡.正是这种坚守造成其文本的特异性,同时,也造成自我复制.     

掺铒先纤放大器放大的自发辐射噪声的研究

推导出了ＥＤＦＡ的ＡＳＥ功率与信号光功率的关系式。当ＥＤＦＡ作为功率放大器时,由于对ＥＤＦＡ的光功率速率方程数值求解能够求得信号光功率在掺铒光纤纵向的分布,用该方法能够简便地计算出ＥＤＦＡＡＳＥ光输出功率。     

二元秩序观视域下的农地流转路径新探

在我国农村的土地流转中,通常存在农户间的自发流转与新农村建设用地展现的规划流转两种形式。建立在熟人社会中社会资本基础上的自发流转在生活中使得淳朴民风得以维持,与此相对,建立在理性行动基础之上的规划流转却出现种种不可避免的问题。细究之,这两种土地流转形式实为哈耶克所区分的自发秩序与外部秩序的实践,二者的比较分析启示我国在城镇化背景下的农地治理中,要规范政府的外在干预方式,注重农村的优良传统,尊重农民的主体地位。     

哈耶克的政治现代性反思:对建构主义的批判

哈耶克的政治哲学思想奠基于他的知识论基础上。他指出,因为人的无知,需要赋予人自由以增加成功的可能;在人类社会中每个人的自由行动的结果造就了自发秩序;凡主张人的理性能够建构社会秩序的主张是理性的自负;极权主义就是建构理性主义诉诸于社会政治实践的结果,其后果往往导致文明的毁灭。     

Women’s experiences of health care utilization in cases of early pregnancy loss: A scoping review

BackgroundApproximately 25% of pregnancies end in miscarriage, most occurring within the first trimester (<13 weeks). For many women early pregnancy loss has implications for short- and long- term mental health, and women’s well-being following early pregnancy loss is impacted by their experiences within the healthcare setting. To improve quality of care, it is crucial to understand women’s’ experiences within the healthcare system in cases of early pregnancy loss.QuestionsWhat does the research literature tell us about the experiences of early pregnancy loss within healthcare settings? Are these experiences positive or negative? ‘How can care improve for those experiencing early pregnancy loss?’MethodsA scoping review of the research literature was undertaken. Three research databases were searched for relevant articles published in English since 2009, with key words related to ‘Experience’, ‘Healthcare’ and ‘Early Pregnancy Loss’. A thematic analysis was undertaken to identify and summarize key findings emerging from the research literature.FindingsTwenty-seven (27) articles met our inclusion criteria. Three main themes were identified: (1) issues related to communication, (2) challenges within care environments, and (3) inadequacies in aftercare.DiscussionThe literature suggests that women’s experiences related to healthcare for early pregnancy loss are largely negative, particularly within emergency departments. Recommendations to improve women’s experiences should extend beyond attempts to improve existing care structures, to include emerging environments and providers.ConclusionWomen’s experiences identified within the literature provide further insights on what women are seeking from their care, and how care models can be improved.     

哈耶克的消极经济正义理论述评

“经济正义”是规范经济学的中心论题之一,而哈耶克的经济正义理论备受争议。通过梳理哈耶克关于“正义”的相关论述,可以发现其经济正义观是一种关于市场经济伦理正当性的消极经济正义理论。哈耶克证明,在市场自发规则下,人们只能拥有一种“免于强制”的消极正义,每个个体拥有种种可欲的财产权利和经济自由。哈耶克对市场正当性的论证超越了古典功利主义的理论高度,这是其最重要的贡献。这种消极经济正义观的弱点当然是明显的,但其关于个人权利、经济自由、规则正义、经济效率的精辟论述却具有正面价值,对我国完善社会主义市场经济秩序不无启示意义。