经济学视角下的政府市场驾驭能力探析

政策失败是混合经济体制国家政府干预所面临的一个共同难题。本文从经济学角度对政策失败问题进行了实证分析,提出立足于市场需求、顺应市场规律提供政策供给,整合市场力量与政策力量,实现市场规律与政策效用的契合是防止和避免政策失败、提高政府市场驾驭能力的现实路径。     

试论犯罪的文化成因及防控

文化是社会上层建筑的组成部分,与特定的社会政治、经济生活形成相互作用。由于个人所处的社会环境因素千差万别,导致社会中出现各种文化集体,或相互类似、和谐,或相互矛盾、冲突。在文化的矛盾体中,进步文化与落后文化此消彼长。落后文化的蔓延、嚣张,必然严重影响整个社会风气,造成犯罪率直线上升,并给治安管理、打击犯罪带来极大的困难。本文从文化的视角探讨文化与犯罪的相互关系、犯罪生成的文化因素以及社会主义先进文化建设对于犯罪防控的积极作用。     

行政计划的法律控制研究

行政计划作为一种新兴的现代行政管理方式,其自身特点决定了在法律控制的方法上实体控制的局限与程序控制的优越,因而构建民主科学的计划程序从而将其纳入法制轨道已成为行政法学的一个重要课题.由于过去理论上的长期不重视与实践中的不规范操作,造成我国行政计划程序法制化程度十分落后,在了解这一现状并考察国外先进经验的基础上,我国应切实建立和完善行政计划程序立法.     

非常态下图书馆编目数据质量控制问题初探

论述了在非正常状态下影响编目数据质量的因素,提出了编目数据质量需要控制的主要内容以及提高编目数据质量的方法。     

提高生产率成长率的三种外部因素分析

通过对500家上市公司的实证分析发现,产品竞争、金融压力和股东控制这三种外部因素同企业生产率成长率存在一定程度的正相关关系。垄断租金与价值增加值之比同企业生产率成长率负相关;利息支付额与现金流量之比同生产率成长率正相关;存在占支配地位的大股东控制会导致更高的生产率成长率。同时,也有证据显示金融压力和股东控制这两个因素能够替代产品竞争。     

基于就业稳定性差异的农民工创业影响因素研究

从就业稳定性差异的视角,基于不同就业特征农民工群体进入自雇创业因果机制的差异,对人力与社会资本在稳定就业与不稳定就业农民工自雇创业中的作用进行比较研究。利用实地调查数据的检验,发现人力与社会资本对不同就业特征农民工群体自雇创业的作用方式不同:不稳定就业群体人力资本中的教育程度越低,社会资本桥梁性越高,越可能进入自雇创业;稳定就业群体人力资本中的城市工作时间越长,社会资本内聚性特征越强,越有可能进入自雇创业。     

Bayesian X̄ control limits for exponentially distributed measurements

This article deals with the construction of an X? control chart using the Bayesian perspective. We obtain new control limits for the X? chart for exponentially distributed data-generating processes through the sequential use of Bayes’ theorem and credible intervals. Construction of the control chart is illustrated using a simulated data example. The performance of the proposed, standard, tolerance interval, exponential cumulative sum (CUSUM) and exponential exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) control limits are examined and compared via a Monte Carlo simulation study. The proposed Bayesian control limits are found to perform better than standard, tolerance interval, exponential EWMA and exponential CUSUM control limits for exponentially distributed processes.     

Power and stability comparisons of multiple testing procedures with false discovery rate control

High-throughput data analyses are widely used for examining differential gene expression, identifying single nucleotide polymorphisms, and detecting methylation loci. False discovery rate (FDR) has been considered a proper type I error rate to control for discovery-based high-throughput data analysis. Various multiple testing procedures have been proposed to control the FDR. The power and stability properties of some commonly used multiple testing procedures have not been extensively investigated yet, however. Simulation studies were conducted to compare power and stability properties of five widely used multiple testing procedures at different proportions of true discoveries for various sample sizes for both independent and dependent test statistics. Storey's two linear step-up procedures showed the best performance among all tested procedures considering FDR control, power, and variance of true discoveries. Leukaemia and ovarian cancer microarray studies were used to illustrate the power and stability characteristics of these five multiple testing procedures with FDR control.     

Monitoring exponential data using two-sided control charts with runs rules

In this article, new two-sided control charts with runs rules, suitable for the monitoring of exponential data, are proposed and studied. The proposed schemes are suitable to identify changes (upward or downward) in the mean of an exponential distribution. Also, they have the desired in-control performance as well as unbiased performance. Guidelines for the most effective scheme in practice are provided, along with comparisons with other competitive schemes. Finally, the practical application of the proposed schemes is also discussed.