改善医患关系 减少医疗纠纷

医疗护理工作具有很强的风险性,在任何诊疗护理工作中,要做到万无一失几乎是不可能的,都有可能发生无法预料或者不能防范的不良后果,导致医疗纠纷的发生不断上升。因此,医护人员应始终保持良好的医德医风,采取有效的防范措施,以病人为中心开展规范化服务,为患者提供良好的就诊环境,用精湛的业务技术解除患者的痛苦,加强医患沟通,建立良好的医患关系,尽力排除非医疗护理过失的纠纷,可以使医疗纠纷降到最低限度。     

医院和医务人员在医疗事故中的损害赔偿责任

随着社会的发展和人们法律意识的普遍增强,医院和医务人员所面临的医疗纠纷与日俱增;而由医疗事故引发的医疗纠纷的赔偿问题,严重地困扰着医院和医务人员,也越来越受到社会的普遍关注。根据《医疗事故处理条例》,从医院和医务人员在医疗事故中的关系出发,明确医院和医务人员在医疗纠纷中各自应该承担的义务与责任,很有现实意义。     

浅论"独立学院"师资队伍的管理

独立学院是我国在新形势下采用新机制运作的一种新的高等教育办学模式,由于其产生的特殊背景,致使其学院办学,尤其是教师队伍有着较为复杂的特殊性,而师资条件又是保证办学质量的首要因素.因此,加强对独立学院师资队伍管理的研究,对独立学院在市场经济体制下的健康发展有其重要意义.     

Clinical outcomes for women who had continuity of care experiences with midwifery students

BackgroundPre-registration midwifery students in Australia are required to engage in a minimum of ten continuity of care experiences (CoCE). Students recruit and gain consent of each woman to provide CoCE under direct supervision of a registered health professional, usually a midwife. Clinical outcomes for women who had CoCE with a midwifery student placed in a continuity of midwifery care (CMC) or fragmented models are rarely reported.Aims1. analyse clinical outcomes for women experiencing CMC with CoCE by students; 2. analyse clinical outcomes for women in a fragmented care model with CoCE by students; and 3. compare clinical outcomes according to women’s primary model of care.MethodsStudents undertaking a Bachelor of Midwifery program at one Australian university recorded clinical outcomes for women experiencing CoCE during pregnancy [n = 5972] and labour and birth [n = 3933] in an e-portfolio. A retrospective, cohort design compared student recorded maternal data with National Core Maternity Indicators and Queensland Perinatal Data.ResultsMidwifery students providing CoCE reported better or equal clinical outcomes for women compared to population data. Women receiving CoCE had reduced likelihood of tobacco smoking after 20 weeks of pregnancy, episiotomy, and third and fourth degree tears.ConclusionsClinical outcomes for women in fragmented models of care and receiving CoCE by undergraduate, pre-registration midwifery students are equal to or better than State data across 12 variables. CoCE should be offered to all women early in their pregnancy to ensure optimal benefits. Acknowledging midwifery students’ potential to make positive impacts on women’s clinical outcomes may prompt more health services to reconceptualise and foster CoCE.     

From “what works” to “making it work”: A practice perspective on evidence-based standardization in frontline service organizations

Evidence-based standards are becoming increasingly influential in frontline services connected to labor market inclusion of vulnerable citizens. To increase our understanding of standardization in such public service delivery, this study draws on interviews and ethnographic fieldwork from two frontline offices in the Norwegian Labour and Welfare Administration (2017–2018) that use the evidence-based Individual Placement and Support (IPS) standard. Adopting a theoretical perspective of organizational practices, the study highlights two distinct approaches to practicing IPS in the frontline organizations: as a “practice shift” in one organization (i.e., creating and legitimizing radically new service practices involving closer collaboration with employers) and as a “practice revival” in the other (i.e., reinstating more traditional service practices involving a holistic client orientation). Each approach relates to a specific constellation of recruitment practices, dynamics between frontline supervisors and staff, and team integration. The study contributes to the literature in two ways. First, it shows the underlying flexibility embedded in standardization and how standards may be implemented and adapted in ways that may either promote more radical change or revive traditional practices. Second, it nuances positions in the literature on the impact of standards on professional service work. On this basis, the study suggests broadening the attention in research on evidence-based standards in public service delivery from discussions of “what works” to understanding the broader organizational dynamics involved in “making it work.”     

基于多元回归分析的某P国企员工培训效果研究

通过对17家国企进行深入调研,运用多元回归分析方法构建培训效果评估模型,基于该模型对某P国企的员工培训进行测量,并提出对策。     

Foster Carer Strain and its Impact on Parenting and Placement Outcomes for Adolescents

Drawing on recently completed research funded by the Departmentof Health, this article examines the extent of strain on thefoster carers of adolescents, its influence on parenting practicesand the overall impact on placement outcomes. The research find­ingsshow that foster-carers’ parenting capacity was markedlyreduced in a number of specific areas when they had experienceda high number of stressful life events in the six months priorto the young person’s arrival or were under considerablestrain during the placement. Conduct problems, hyperactivityand violent behaviour by the young people increased carer strain,as did contact difficulties with the children’s families.Problems in contacting social workers were linked to elevatedstrain, whilst strain was lessened when carers received helpfrom friends or from local professionals. Signifi­cantlyhigher disruption rates were experienced by strained carersand these placements were also less beneficial to the youngpeople.     

Services to prevent child placing-out for cocaine-affected and non-affected families

This study sought to evaluate the effectiveness of the'In-Home Family Care' programme of Children's Home Society of California in Alameda County, particularly regarding the emphasis and impact of services for cocaine-affected families. The family characteristics, problems addressed and service provision in cases served over a 3-year period were assessed in terms of their relation to placement outcome for cocaine-affected and non-affected families. This evaluation found that, despite serious and often chronic problems among cocaine-affected families, their child removal rate was no higher than that for non-affected families. Implications for risk assessment and placement decisions are discussed.     

略谈高校党校师资队伍建设

文章针对当前高校党校师资队伍建设的相关问题加以论述。     

The Nature and Effects of Violence against Child-Protection Social Workers: Providing Effective Support

This article examines the experiences and views of child-protectionsocial workers and managers in relation to the management ofviolence against child-protection social workers in a largecounty council’s Social Services Department. These findingsdemonstrate the importance of the role of managers and agencysupport systems in dealing with such matters. Questions areraised concerning the effects of interventions by child-protectionprofessionals with resistant and threatening parent service-users,and challenges some of the assumptions underlying the currentparadigm in child-protection work which demands an uncriticalview that working in partnership with parents is always in theinterests of children, and is always possible. The findingssuggest that in certain types of situations, workers’effectiveness can be compromised when carrying out their rolesin both supporting families and protecting children. They alsoillustrate the types of agency responses which professionalsand managers find helpful and unhelpful in response to parentalthreats and aggression. In particular, the importance of supervisionand support from managers is addressed, as are the implicationsof the findings for practice and agency support strategies forworkers. The relevance of the findings are also set out withinthe context of the requirements placed upon individual practitionersand agencies which employ social workers by the General SocialCare Council Codes of Conduct and Practice for Social Care Workersand their Employers.