走不出命运怪圈

张恨水小说《夜深沉》中的杨月容是典型的女伶悲剧形象.残酷的生存环境在把她推向人生炼狱的同时,铸就了她抗争的秉性.但抗争结果却没有摆脱沦为有闲阶级享乐工具的命运.从卖唱维生的大杂院大众情人到供有闲阶级享用的剧院明星,再到觉醒后毅然逃出堕落围城回到民间重操旧业以糊口,她像在沉沉黑夜里走了一个"鬼打墙"的怪圈.这是一个不以抗争者意志为转移的命运怪圈.杨月容最终没有走出这个怪圈,却以抗争失败后的反思与觉醒实证了女伶悲剧人生的社会必然性.     

基于标准化的旅行社竞争策略探讨

标准化是提高生产效率和保证产品质量的有效工具和手段,在工农业发展过程中发挥着巨大作用。现在,标准化也被引入旅游业中,日益受到政府、企业、学者的重视。旅游企业开展标准化的竞争策略,建立自身系统的标准体系,不仅可以提高旅游产品质量和服务水平,最重要的是占据市场竞争中的有利地位,成为市场的引领者和规则的制定者,获取可观的经济利益。分析现阶段旅行社经营管理中存在的问题,结合其行业特点,论述标准化在经营管理中的重要作用,以及标准化竞争策略的具体措施、方法与步骤,很有必要。     

政治关联对民营企业成长性影响的实证研究

以2009—2012年上市民营企业作为研究对象,研究了政治关联对民营企业成长性的影响以及制度环境对两者关系的调节作用。实证检验结果表明民营企业与政府建立联系成为普遍现象,民营企业与政府的政治关联对企业成长性有显著的促进作用,在制度环境越落后的地方,政治关联对民营企业成长性的促进作用越大。这表明,政治关联是制度环境不完善条件下的一种替代机制。     

血沉、白细胞计数和C反应蛋白在糖尿病足评估中的作用

目的本文旨在评估炎性因子而对不同程度的糖尿病足病患者作出早期判断的策略。方法对68例不同程度的糖尿病足病患者入院分别进行血沉、白细胞计数和C反应蛋白的测定并作比较。结果 C反应蛋白在2级~4级的糖尿病足病患者中是最有价值的标记物,而血沉、白细胞计数无法预示其程度。结论在不同程度的糖尿病足病患者中C反应蛋白是一个有价值的预测因子。     

基于物联网的在线、智能调度方法的相关思考

物联网的飞速发展给生产调度系统带来了前所未有的机遇和挑战,数据的多源异构和连续涌入性、信息的透明性以及人、物料、设备、生产过程、产品等众多对象呈现出的连续动态存在性,这些新特征导致传统的调度优化方法难以适用。在已有研究的基础上,总结了物联网、调度优化方法以及基于情景的建模方法的研究现状和存在的问题,分析基于物联网的在线智能调度涉及到的问题及其特征,并提出其中的关键科学问题是基于情景的在线建模方法;提出该问题未来的研究目标为:针对物联网环境下调度对象状态的动态连续变化性,提供一种在线实时的智能优化调度方法,以最终实现调度优化过程的连续性以及调度优化决策的科学性、有效性和实用性;并详细阐述了未来关于基于情景的建模方法、基于情景的模型实时求解方法和基于情景的在线调度决策支持方法三方面的研究内容,为后续的深入研究做前期的思考和探索。     

基于浙江工业企业微观数据的国有资本带动产业升级累计效应分析

使用面板门限模型,通过国有资本比重对绩效影响系数在门限值前后的变化,分析国资带动产业升级作用的累计效果.通过设置虚拟变量区分不同行业类别,考察国资在哪些类别行业中能够起到对于整体的带动(挤进)作用或者挤出作用.实证结果显示,国资比例提高到门限值对于浙江整体企业管理水平有显著正向作用.国资在精细化工和医药等产业中的比例提升对于浙江整体经济的绩效有相比其他行业更加显著的正向作用,而这些行业不是明显的垄断行业.由此得出结论:国资在重点行业中的示范带动作用应该强化,以期累计作用结合混合所有制推进从而达到挤进民资和促进民企产业升级.     

An online copy number variant detection method for short sequencing reads

The availability of the next generation sequencing (NGS) technology in today's biomedical research has provided new opportunities in scientific discovery of genetic information. The high-throughput NGS technology, especially DNA-seq, is particularly useful in profiling a genome for the analysis of DNA copy number variants (CNVs). The read count (RC) data resulting from NGS technology are massive and information rich. How to exploit the RC data for accurate CNV detection has become a computational and statistical challenge. We provide a statistical online change point method to help detect CNVs in the sequencing RC data in this paper. This method uses the idea of online searching for change point (or breakpoint) with a Markov chain assumption on the breakpoints loci and an iterative computing process via a Bayesian framework. We illustrate that an online change-point detection method is particularly suitable for identifying CNVs in the RC data. The algorithm is applied to the publicly available NCI-H2347 lung cancer cell line sequencing reads data for locating the breakpoints. Extensive simulation studies have been carried out and results show the good behavior of the proposed algorithm. The algorithm is implemented in R and the codes are available upon request.     

Measures of Association and Visualization of Log Odds Ratio Structure for a Two Way Contingency Table

The odds ratio (OR) is a measure of association used for analysing an I × J contingency table. The total number of ORs to check grows with I and J. Several statistical methods have been developed for summarising them. These methods begin from two different starting points, the I × J contingency table and the two‐way table composed by the ORs. In this paper we focus our attention on the relationship between these methods and point out that, for an exhaustive analysis of association through log ORs, it is necessary to consider all the outcomes of these methods. We also introduce some new methodological and graphical features. In order to illustrate previously used methodologies, we consider a data table of the cross‐classification of the colour of eyes and hair of 5387 children from Scotland. We point out how, through the log OR analysis, it is possible to extract useful information about the association between variables.     

“America Will Not Tolerate Slave Traders”: Counter-Trafficking Policies and US Power

The US government has implemented an ambitious set of policies designed to combat human trafficking and sex trafficking in women and girls in particular. This article argues that anti-trafficking discourse and policy can be understood as a project to sustain and strengthen US power. This power has been wielded through the use of foreign aid, which influences the actions of both state and non-state actors overseas. Existing policies reinforce unilateralism and executive-branch dominance. Policymakers have also used gender strategically to moralize their actions and assert global leadership on this issue. Gender is thus deployed to serve US interests.     

Path to “Stardom” in Globally Distributed Hybrid Teams: An Examination of a Knowledge‐Centered Perspective using Social Network Analysis

Although distributed teams have been researched extensively in information systems and decision science disciplines, a review of the literature suggests that the dominant focus has been on understanding the factors affecting performance at the team level. There has however been an increasing recognition that specific individuals within such teams are often critical to the team's performance. Consequently, existing knowledge about such teams may be enhanced by examining the factors that affect the performance of individual team members. This study attempts to address this need by identifying individuals who emerge as “stars” in globally distributed teams involved in knowledge work such as information systems development (ISD). Specifically, the study takes a knowledge‐centered view in explaining which factors lead to “stardom” in such teams. Further, it adopts a social network approach consistent with the core principles of structural/relational analysis in developing and empirically validating the research model. Data from U.S.–Scandinavia self‐managed “hybrid” teams engaged in systems development were used to deductively test the proposed model. The overall study has several implications for group decision making: (i) the study focuses on stars within distributed teams, who play an important role in shaping group decision making, and emerge as a result of a negotiated/consensual decision making within egalitarian teams; (ii) an examination of emergent stars from the team members’ point of view reflects the collective acceptance and support dimension decision‐making contexts identified in prior literature; (iii) finally, the study suggests that the social network analysis technique using relational data can be a tool for a democratic decision‐making technique within groups.