Research approaches to networked employment services: A systematic review

Research on networked services aimed at the (re)employment of groups marginalised from the labour market has gained momentum in different scholarly traditions (e.g., public administration, healthcare and social policy), but the topic remains somewhat fragmented. In this paper, we systematise and synthesise this research with the aim of outlining distinct research approaches, facilitating increased cross-disciplinary understandings and promoting interdisciplinary research. Based on a systematic review of the literature (1990–2018, n = 273), we highlight four dominant research approaches: rehabilitation, disability, welfare and governance. We show that these research approaches involve distinct conceptualisations of labour market inclusion, networked services and the target groups. Nevertheless, the research approaches also apply similar terms and concepts (e.g., partnership, collaboration) but with different (more or less implicit) connotations, which lead to fragmentation. We do not suggest that there be a unified use of concepts across traditions; however, we argue for the necessity of increased awareness of the similarities and differences between these research traditions in order to increase understanding of the networked employment services available to marginalised groups.     

驻村帮扶“接棒治理”的逻辑与归宿——基于豫南L行政村的田野调查

有效贫困治理需要强有力的村社集体,然而，废除农业税之后，乡村基层组织越来越“悬浮”于农民。随着国家扶贫政策的实施和大量扶贫资源持续输入农村，软弱涣散的村社集体却失去了与国家资源对接的能力，造成贫困治理的“内卷化”。村社集体的内生活力某种意义上需要外部力量予以激活和再造，以”第一书记”为代表的“驻村帮扶”是贫困治理的一种有益探索。驻村帮扶本身是连续性的，成员通常由同一单位选派，类似于接力赛，故称之为“接棒治理”。“接棒治理”能够为理解驻村帮扶贫困治理实践提供一种可取视角。在“接棒治理”的框架内，由同一单位选派的驻村帮扶成员有着共同的身份认同，在目标上是一致的，都旨在最大限度地为帮扶对象争取更多的资源、多办实事。作为外部嵌入力量，驻村帮扶不可避免地对村庄内部治理秩序产生影响，但由于退出机制的确定和可预期，驻村帮扶下的“接棒治理”不会完全改变村庄内部权力格局，更不会对村庄自治造成破坏，其旨在培育并回归自治，将“接力棒”最终交接给村社集体。     

试论现代汉语外来词吸收方式的变化及原因

汉民族在吸收外来词的时候,创造了各种方式,并根据时代的变迁不断进行调整优化,对外来词进行吸收与融合,表现了中华民族、中华文化巨大的包容性、创新精神和对外来文化的融汇能力.现代汉语在吸收外来词的时候,由于语言、文化、社会的各方面原因,其吸收方式在各个时期也随之发生变化,表现在三方面:从纯音译(早期)到意泽;音译的表意化倾向;纯音译的回潮与字母词的涌现.这些变化的出现是由现代汉语的特点、文化心理和社会进步的影响等几个方面决定的,而面对当代外来词的一词多译现象,可以建立"柔性规范",采用"异形并存"和"异格并用"原则来解决.     

西部地区公路建设中银行信贷资金的风险防范

西部地区公路建设成就巨大,银行信贷资金是其重要的资金来源,发挥着不可替代地作用。而公路建设贷款资金在为公路建设做出贡献,为西部经济起飞奠定基础,给银行带来经济效益的同时,其中隐藏的风险是不容忽视的。只有采取对策化解风险,才能实现多赢目标。     

农村资金短缺、资金非农化与信贷支农

改善支农服务 ,解决农民贷款难问题是农村信用社改革的出发点和落脚点。从现阶段农村经济发展中资金短缺与农村资金非农化并存的现状出发 ,并结合目前信贷支农服务中出现的资金需求问题提出合理化建议 ,以推动农村信用社的改革工作     

试论现代汉语中的外来词

外来词是现代汉语词汇整体的一个有机组成部分,对它们的来源及在汉语中存在的形式问题进行研究,从而发现汉语外来词中存在的问题,并提出外来词研究中应注意的问题。     

模糊厌恶下关系型借贷定价和最优贷款利率

考虑决策者是模糊厌恶的,利用实物期权方法,解析地给出了银行价值,企业价值和最优停贷水平。分析了模糊厌恶和基准波动率对最优贷款利率,最优停贷水平,企业价值和银行价值的影响。数值分析表明：模糊厌恶提高了贷款利率,降低了企业和银行价值。在基准波动率水平较小时,模糊厌恶推迟了停贷水平;在基准波动率较大时,模糊厌恶加速了停贷水平。此外,在模糊中性下,企业价值是基准波动率凸函数,银行价值是基准波动率凹函数。而在模糊厌恶下,企业价值和银行价值都随着基准波动率的增加而递减。本文从行为金融角度为中小企业"融资贵"提供了新的解释。     

Satisfaction with Personal Assistance Services of People with Disabilities in Korea

An essential component for achieving independence in a community setting for people with disabilities is the ability to perform personal care activities with or without assistance. This paper aims to evaluate the level of satisfaction of people who used personal assistance services (PAS) during 2007 in Korea. People's satisfaction was high when they were able to use all of the assigned hours and when they had been assigned enough hours to meet their needs. Therefore, policymakers must try to increase service hours for people with disabilities so that they have enough help from attendants. The more the opinions of people with disabilities were considered in shaping the plan of care, the higher the satisfaction score. To increase the satisfaction, service users' involvement with the program has to be incorporated into the program as much as possible.