Distribution of the two‐sample t‐test statistic following blinded sample size re‐estimation

We consider the blinded sample size re‐estimation based on the simple one‐sample variance estimator at an interim analysis. We characterize the exact distribution of the standard two‐sample t‐test statistic at the final analysis. We describe a simulation algorithm for the evaluation of the probability of rejecting the null hypothesis at given treatment effect. We compare the blinded sample size re‐estimation method with two unblinded methods with respect to the empirical type I error, the empirical power, and the empirical distribution of the standard deviation estimator and final sample size. We characterize the type I error inflation across the range of standardized non‐inferiority margin for non‐inferiority trials, and derive the adjusted significance level to ensure type I error control for given sample size of the internal pilot study. We show that the adjusted significance level increases as the sample size of the internal pilot study increases. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Model averaging inconcentration–QT analyses

This article describes how a frequentist model averaging approach can be used for concentration–QT analyses in the context of thorough QTc studies. Based on simulations, we have concluded that starting from three candidate model families (linear, exponential, and Emax) the model averaging approach leads to treatment effect estimates that are quite robust with respect to the control of the type I error in nearly all simulated scenarios; in particular, with the model averaging approach, the type I error appears less sensitive to model misspecification than the widely used linear model. We noticed also few differences in terms of performance between the model averaging approach and the more classical model selection approach, but we believe that, despite both can be recommended in practice, the model averaging approach can be more appealing because of some deficiencies of model selection approach pointed out in the literature. We think that a model averaging or model selection approach should be systematically considered for conducting concentration–QT analyses. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

中西方丧葬习俗差异及文化透视

死亡是人生的最后归宿,丧葬是对一个生命结束的最后处置仪式和对生命体死亡超越的一种寄托。中西方传统丧葬在举办主体及程序、墓地选址及建设、丧葬基调、丧葬用具等习俗方面存在着巨大差异,从中可以折射出中外文化的不同。受中国城市化建设以及西方文化在华传播的影响,中国现代丧葬仪式开始呈现出程序化、中西文化交融的特征。在文化多元化的今天,摒弃封建迷信的同时,中国应该继承发扬优秀的传统文化,发出文化最强音。     

新传媒语境下电视新闻节目的时空观

信息传播技术革命在社会的方方面面产生了深刻的影响,最为突出的表现就是公众时空观的变化,这构成了学术界和业界一直关注的新传媒生态的根本话题。以电视新闻节目为研究的具体对象,从新媒介语境下时空观的变化入手,并以电视新闻报道节目的实践为参考,从理论而后实践的维度系统地考察了新传媒语境下时空观对电视新闻节目产生的影响。     

胚胎之争的法学思考--以二审法院判决为视角

无锡胚胎继承权案将受精胚胎在法律上如何界定这一难题带入公众视野。目前学术界关于冷冻胚胎的法律属性有主体说、客体说、中介说三种观点,以中介说为通说。二审法院从监管、处置权的角度做出判决可谓独辟蹊径,但对于本案中胚胎的性质、能否继承、当事人的请求权基础何在等实质性问题却予以回避。对受精胚胎的认识首先需要从其生物学本质出发,同时结合伦理道德、法律实践及大众认知等多个因素予以考虑。从受精胚胎发展的不同阶段出发,采客体说,将本案受精胚胎认定为可予继承的物,才能使当事人拥有请求权基础以及顺利承继合同利益,也是平息各方争议的最佳选择。     

Exponentiality Test Based on the Progressive Type II Censoring via Cumulative Entropy

In this article, we use cumulative residual Kullback-Leibler information (CRKL) and cumulative Kullback-Leibler information (CKL) to construct two goodness-of-fit test statistics for testing exponentiality with progressively Type-II censored data. The power of the proposed tests are compared with the power of goodness-of-fit test for exponentiality introduced by Balakrishnan et al. (2007 Balakrishnan, N., Habibi Rad, A., Arghami, N.R. (2007). Testing exponentiality based on Kullback-Leibler information with progressively type-II censored data. IEEE Transactions on Reliability 56(2):301–307.[Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]). We show that when the hazard function of the alternative is monotone decreasing, the test based on CRKL has higher power and when the hazard function of the alternative is non-monotone, the test based on CKL has higher power. But, when it is monotone increasing the power difference between test based on CKL and their proposed test is not so remarkable. The use of the proposed tests is shown in an illustrative example.     

城市八零后家长择园观的调查及评析

择园问题已经成为目前的教育热点与社会热点问题,而时代特征明显的八零后一代已经成为新一代家长,其受教育程度不断提高,对幼儿教育也越来越重视,对幼儿入园问题也愈加关注。调查显示:城市八零后家长择园观存在较大差异和一定的误区,而通过引导家长树立正确的教育观、正确认识幼儿园保教关系、掌握正确的择园策略,可为家长科学择园提供指导。     

新媒体对藏族民众文化生活的影响调查研究

研究以青海省城镇、农业地区和牧区的270名藏族民众为被试,通过对藏族地区新媒体普及情况、使用新媒体的能力以及藏族民众喜欢的媒体资源类别等方面进行调查,分析了中国移动和中国电信网络、智能手机、数字广播电视、计算机及其网络给藏族民众的生活带来的影响,并提出通过加大适合于藏族民众的媒体资源建设力度,转变思想,提高服务意识,建设一个方便访问和传播的藏语信息技术平台,发挥新媒体在基层党员干部培训中的作用,以村为单位实行数字广播电视的统一管理,尽早尽快做好光纤的村村通工作,进一步降低手机资费标准,减轻藏族民众的通信负担等改进策略。     

“文学性”的偏至与文学内、外部研究的危机——以延安文学“政治决定论”的形成为例

中国现代文学的"外部"研究和"内部"研究作为长期存在的两种研究向度在近年来却遭遇危机.以延安文学"政治决定论"的形成为例延安文学"政治决定论"的形成是中国现代文学研究中的"政治反映论"和"纯文学"积弊的结果,其出现的合理性在于其对"政治反映论"的批判性,但其理论基础和研究格局的偏狭,以及对延安文学作品超越价值的压抑,使其成为延安文学研究中新的意识形态.延安文学"政治决定论"形成过程反映出中国现代文学"外部"研究和"内部"研究出现隔离的本质对"文学性"理解的偏至.中国现代文学研究需要从"价值论"向"发生论"的转变中获得自身的生命力.     

上证180指数效应实证研究

选取上证180指数2002年12月到2005年1月期间五次成份股调整为样本,采用标准化残差方法 克服了事件研究中因聚类问题对统计结果的影响,对指数调整期间的价格和成交量效应进行 实证研究。研究发现,调入和调出股票均对调整信息做出了相应的反应,调入股票存在正的 持久的超额收益,调出股票负的超额收益发生了反转。这种非对称现象可以由投资者关注和 市场分割假说解释