论认知隐喻观的理论阐释力

人类对隐喻的研究经历了一个漫长的历史阶段,隐喻理论的解释范围不断扩大。从古希腊的修辞观到对语言本体进行解释的语法隐喻以及语法化研究,从语言和思维相结合的概念隐喻到完全彻底的认知隐喻观,所有这些都对隐喻的研究做出了重大贡献。但一直以来在这些研究的背后,缺乏一种具有统一解释力的理论,即共性。从认知的角度出发我们可以发现,认知域之间的叠加和互动是各类隐喻最基本的工作原理,是隐喻的基本思维方式,是隐喻的共性;另一方面,隐喻的内容又是因民族和文化的不同而有所差异,这是隐喻的个性。     

廖平经学思想研究述评

20世纪80年代以来,对廖平经学思想的研究在前人的基础上取得了可喜的成果.对廖平经学思想的研究主要集中在对廖平经学六变的学术道路及其变因的研究上.在这方面取得了一些共识,但也有一些不同的观点.另外,关于廖平和康有为经学思想师承关系的研究也是一个热点问题.在这方面出现的研究成果使这一问题越来越明朗,但真正解决仍需时日.只有从社会历史发展的时代特征与学术主体的思想相结合的角度来重新评价廖平的经学思想,我们对廖平的经学思想的认识才会更为客观和全面.     

Delaying factors for maternal health service utilization in eastern Ethiopia: A qualitative exploratory study

BackgroundIn Ethiopia, maternal health service utilization is still unacceptably low. The societal and cultural factors that constrain women from attending these services have not yet been sufficiently explored. Using qualitative methods, we aimed to explore the factors that delay maternal health service utilization in eastern Ethiopia.MethodA total of 13 audio-recorded focus group discussions were conducted comprising 88 participants. We conducted separate group discussions with reproductive aged women, mothers-in-law, traditional birth attendants, husbands, and Health Extension Workers to capture their knowledge, practices, feelings, thoughts and attitudes towards maternal health service utilization. The recorded sessions were transcribed into the local language and then translated into English for analysis.ResultThe study identified a number of factors that may delay maternal health service utilization. Factors were grouped using the Three Delays model as a framework. Low level of awareness regarding need, poor involvement of husband, perceived absence of health problems, social power, community misperceptions and cultural restrictions, negative attitudes towards male midwives, acceptance of traditional birth attendants and poor social networking were Delay One factors. Lack of physical accessibility and high transportation costs were categorised as Delay Two factors for skilled birth care attendance. Perceived or experienced poor quality of care were categorised as Delay Three factors for both skilled birth and postnatal care utilization.ConclusionDespite the ongoing government measures to improve maternal health service utilization in Ethiopia, numerous factors continue to contribute to delays in service use, which in turn contribute to high maternal mortality.     

To what extent is social security spending associated with enhanced firm-level performance? A case study of SMEs in Indonesia

Although the relationship between social protection and enterprise performance is much debated in the literature, evidence is particularly limited in the case of small and medium-sized enterprises in developing economies. Using census data from 2010 to 2014, this article examines how the provision of social security influenced business performance in Indonesia. The author finds that increased social security spending of 10 per cent is associated with a per-worker revenue gain of up to 2 per cent. Moreover, profits are not found to decrease with increased social protection coverage, suggesting that increasing worker benefits may be a worthwhile business investment.     

A qualitative case study of a Korean former addict’s existential self‐interpretation and identity transformation

This study explored the case of a former addict, focusing on his existential self‐interpretation and identity transformation process. This study began from the question of whether philosophical processes related to existential self‐interpretation could lead to the formation of the concept of bottoming out and of identity transformation. To answer this question, the study analyzed the case of a male in his mid‐forties who was addicted to drugs for approximately 30 years and has only recently maintained abstinence. The study used the phenomenological approach to determine the meaning drugs held for him in each stage, and what drug‐related identity he had in each stage. Further, this study identified the integrative implications of these meanings in terms of existential self‐interpretation and identity transformation. The four different identities the man identified for the four stages of his life were juvenile delinquent, gang member, half‐gangster, and breadwinner, and the associated meanings drugs had for him during each period were “glue,” “filthy,” “leeches,” and “abstinence,” respectively. Finally, this study elucidated the integration of these meanings through the hermeneutic circle, identified the social welfare implications of the findings, and developed educational recommendations.     

Evaluation capacity building in the nonformal education context: Challenges and strategies

Policymakers’ demand for increased accountability has compelled organizations to pay more attention to internal evaluation capacity building (ECB). The existing literature about ECB has focused on capacity building experiences and organizational research, with limited attention on challenges that internal evaluation specialists face in building organizational evaluative capacity. To address this knowledge gap, we conducted a Delphi study with evaluation specialists in the United States’ Cooperative Extension Service and developed a consensus on the most pervasive ECB challenges as well as the most useful strategies for overcoming ECB challenges. Challenges identified in this study include limited time and resources, limited understanding of the value of evaluation, evaluation considered as an afterthought, and limited support and buy-in from administrators. Alternatively, strategies found in the study include a shift in an organizational culture where evaluation is appreciated, buy-in and support from administration, clarifying the importance of quality than quantity of evaluations, and a strategic approach to ECB. The challenges identified in this study have persisted for decades, meaning administrators must understand the persistence of these issues and make an earnest investment (financial and human resource) to make noticeable progress. The Delphi approach can be used more often to prioritize ECB efforts.     

A new regression model for bimodal data and applications in agriculture

We define the odd log-logistic exponential Gaussian regression with two systematic components, which extends the heteroscedastic Gaussian regression and it is suitable for bimodal data quite common in the agriculture area. We estimate the parameters by the method of maximum likelihood. Some simulations indicate that the maximum-likelihood estimators are accurate. The model assumptions are checked through case deletion and quantile residuals. The usefulness of the new regression model is illustrated by means of three real data sets in different areas of agriculture, where the data present bimodality.     

Sexual dysfunction predicts depressive symptoms during the first 2 years postpartum

Background

The association between sexual function and depression has yet to be examined in a prospective cohort study with prolonged postpartum follow-up.

从盖恩斯《刑前一课》看小说视点与叙事层面的建构

盖恩斯在《刑前一课》里从零视点与悬念的建构、外视点与悖论的建构、内视点与意识流、多视点聚焦与立体感等方面来研究小说视点与叙事层面的相互关联。他从零视点的角度建构人称悬念、瞬间悬念和期待性悬念,从外视点的角度设置了主题悖论、言辞悖论和语境悖论。为了克服零视点和外视点描述的单调性和乏味性,盖恩斯把内视点与意识流进行了有机结合,从触景生情式意识流、内心独白式意识流和交织式意识流等方面探究人物心理与社会环境的内在关联。他还在人物评述和场景氛围等方面采用了多视点策略,从多层次和多侧面的角度来聚焦于具体的人物、物件或场景,构建了叙事层面的立体感,拓展了现代黑人小说创作的美学认知空间。     

新时期大学生思想政治教育的现状与对策

大学生的思想政治教育在时代背景、社会环境和大学生自身素质等方面都呈现出了与以往不同的特点。大学生思想政治教育亟需深刻的改革和创新。通过分析当前大学生思想政治教育的现状以及存在的问题,提出相应的对策进行研究。