Why Faster,Higher, Stronger isn’t Necessarily Better—The Relations of Paralympian and Women’s Soccer Teams’ Performance to National Well-being

The present study considers how the athletic performance of minority groups relates to national subjective well-being (SWB) and life expectancy. Based on the argument that sports represent a microcosm of society and the reliable finding that national inequality is associated with reduced SWB, we hypothesized that greater opportunities for typically disadvantaged groups within sports should be positively related to national indicators of well-being. Study 1 compared the relation of success in the Paralympics versus the Olympics to national subjective well-being and life expectancy. The results supported our hypothesis. In Study 2 we conceptually replicated these results using the standings of national men’s and women’s soccer teams. Overall, it appears that the opportunities to compete in sports that nations afford to members of disadvantaged groups reflect on the health and well-being of the entire society.

基于SVM求解不均衡数据集分类的主观权重约束方法

支持向量机(SVM)的二类分问题中针对不平衡数据集可以通过减少样本信息的不对称性和改进算法来解决。本文针对中小企业中有财务风险与无财务风险样本的不平衡性问题,使用一种带有主观权重约束条件的支持向量机新模型对样本进行分类。实验表明新模型确实提高了财务风险企业即少类样本的识别性能,是一种类别不均衡学习(class imbalance learning)的新方法。     

知识作业难度计量的脑电实验研究

在解析难度与知识作业难度操作定义的基础上,通过脑电实验证实:脑电功率谱与反应时两项实验效应指标可客现反映知识作业难度的变化趋势,反应时数据揭示主观赋值数量关系服从stevens定律,并可作为修订主观判定量表的精确效标.同时,本文实验结果支持认知科学的实验研究方法与测试手段在经济与管理问题的研究中具有广泛应用前景的观点.     

俄汉语句式表达层面之图景对比与翻译

一个民族语言的世界图景体现了该民族的世界观、价值观、思维方式、行为习惯等多方面内容."语言的世界图景"是民族语言意识的外化形式,是其在语言中的具体表现.俄、汉语在句式表达层面上呈现的差异体现于形合与意合、虚说与实说、正说与反说、主体意识与客体意识等几个方面.     

Do ‘child‐friendly’ countries contribute to child satisfaction? A comparative study of OECD countries

Child‐friendliness is a new concept in the research literature. Derived from the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child, it assesses different nations’ commitment to the aspects of children’s rights: both self‐determination and nurturance and care. Since the concept is still in its infancy, there is a need to study the associations between child‐friendliness and the subjective well‐being of children in a comparative perspective. Accordingly, the present study compares country rankings in the Child‐Friendliness Index (CFI) with country scores in the Global Domain Satisfaction Index (GDSI) in a sample of ten OECD countries. Results show that there is no association between the adapted GDSI score and the CFI. However, the self‐determination sub‐index and specifically participation in the personal domain are found correlated with GDSI domains. Moreover, countries can be grouped into different clusters: Nordic, Mediterranean, European, Asian. Key Practitioner Message: ? There was no apparent association between the adapted GDSI score and the Child‐Friendliness Index (CFI) rank; ? The CFI self‐determination sub‐index and participation in the personal domain specifically were found to be correlated with GDSI domains; ? Countries may be grouped into different clusters when looking at their GDSI score and CFI rank: Nordic, Mediterranean, European, Asian.     

后物质主义价值观与主观幸福——从发展理论到发展策略的意义呈现

在以往的社会科学理论视域中，财富增长是提高人的主观幸福的最强力机制。“世界价值观调查”结果揭示，在一个国家，当经济增长处于初期阶段，人们的收入数量与其主观幸福之间的正相关性非常强。然而，当超过一定界限之后，这种相关性就会减弱乃至消失。后物质主义价值观研究结果的最重要启示在于，经济增长到一定程度之后，财富数量的增加仅只是可能带来人的主观幸福提升的次要因素，而经济因素之外的社会因素和精神因素对于提升主观幸福将会起主导性作用。后物质主义价值观与主观幸福之间这种发展理论意义上的相关性，应作为后发优势的一种重要体现受到重视，应在发展规划、发展政策和发展实践当中加以充分体现。     

马克思主义与女权批评的关系

马克思主义为女权批评提供了强有力的武器,没有马克思主义,女权批评不可能有如此蓬勃的发展;而对于马克思主义文艺理论,女权批评的某些发展,对其有着补充丰富的意义,上述两个方面正是女权批评与马克思主义文艺理论的关系。     

散文创作中的主体思维活动初探

主体思维的主要特征有直观性、连续性和概括性;主体思维对散文创作的重要功能有对作者感受的影响,对构思的语言限定;创作主体的抽象思维功用是指导作家对材料的选择,约束作品叙事情节的发展,制约对自然景物的描写,影响作家内心情感的抒发。     

The topic of subjectivity in psychology: Contradictions,paths and new alternatives

This paper draws a picture of how topics related to subjectivity have appeared in different psychological theories, such as psychoanalysis, Gestalt and post‐structuralist approaches, discussing in depth a specific proposition from a cultural‐historical standpoint. I argue that, in most of these theories, subjectivity has been used to refer to specific processes and phenomena without advancing a more general theory about it. The way in which subjectivity was treated within the Cartesian/Enlightenment tradition, taken together with the individualistic tradition of psychology, led critical psychological theories to reject the concept. In this way, such critical theories have omitted the heuristic value of subjectivity to study processes that can neither be exhausted by language, nor by discourse. A new proposal of subjectivity is highlighted, based on the cultural‐historical tradition in psychology. From this perspective, subjectivity is defined by units of emotions and symbolical processes generated throughout human experience. On the basis of such definition, I discuss how institutionalized orders can be subverted by subjective productions that represent new social pathways. Far from being a remnant of Modernity, in this way subjectivity is defined as a human production, capable of transcending the apparent objective limits of human existence.     

The Interaction of Same-Sex Marriage Access With Sexual Minority Identity on Mental Health and Subjective Wellbeing

Previous psychological and public health research has highlighted the impact of legal recognition of same-sex relationships on individual identity and mental health. Using a sample of U.S. sexual minority (N = 313) and heterosexual (N = 214) adults, participants completed a battery of mental health inventories prior to the nationwide legalization of same-sex marriage. Analyses of covariance (ANCOVAs) examining identity revealed sexual minority participants living in states where same-sex marriage was banned experienced significantly higher levels of internalized homonegativity than sexual minority participants living in states where same-sex marriage was legal, even after controlling for state-level political climate. Mental health ANCOVAs revealed sexual minority participants residing in states without same-sex marriage experienced greater anxiety and lower subjective wellbeing compared to sexual minority participants residing in states with same-sex marriage and heterosexual participants residing in states with or without same-sex marriage. Implications for public policy and future research directions are discussed.