主体性的虚构诗意性的真实——论新历史主义的历史观

新历史主义文艺思潮,颠覆历史权威,强调＂对话＂品格,将话语权力作为支点,寻求主体叙述,即通过文学虚构得以完成的历史文本的新的＂历史诗学＂。其历史观的颠覆性即体现在主体间入中的虚构性和诗意中追求真实性的特征。传统意义上的客观叙述,历史真实观被新历史主义彻底地否决。取而代之的是＂审美与真实之间功能性区别的消解＂和＂带有诗人看世界的想象虚构性＂。在后现代的语境中,这一历史观对文化生态的多元共生有着不可忽视的价值意义,但其个性的恣意展现也使它失却了历史的严肃性,在消解历史权威的同时也使自身陷入了困境。     

论中国画空白的精神意蕴

空白的处理是中国绘画特有的空间境界表现方式,提示了形物的本相,其思想渊源来自传统的中国哲学思想。如何把握空白意境的关系是绘画基本要素的综合呈现,超越感性认识,艺术创造才能进入一个全新的空间。     

Adverse psychosocial working conditions and subjective health in freelance media workers

In recent years there has been a steady growth of non-standard work contracts in advanced societies. These contracts are characterized by increased flexibility of work arrangements and increased job instability, which holds particularly true for the media industry. This pilot study analyses associations of work stress with subjective health in a group of German freelancers (N = 290) working in the media industry. The measurement of work stress is based on the effort-reward imbalance model. Results of logistic regression analyses indicate significant effects of high effort in combination with low reward (money, esteem, promotion prospects, job security) on subjective health in men and women, with the effects being higher in men. Moreover, among men a critical pattern of coping with work stress enhanced the reported effect. In conclusion, the preliminary evidence from this study indicates an elevated risk of poor subjective health among freelance workers who are exposed to adverse psychosocial work conditions.     

现阶段我国道德尺度差异的政治经济学分析

转型经济国家的转型期间社会存在着巨大的不稳定性,多元文化与多元制度安排的交织与冲突使社会道德与价值尺度显得异常复杂。法治、责任意识的加强与"人情",特权思想盛行相并存;集体主义合作精神与个人主义金钱意识相并存。道德观念的复杂性是由于我国现阶段存在三种不同尺度的道德模式之间相互矛盾与相互渗透的结果。本文试图运用马克思政治经济学的方法在揭示三种道德尺度经济根源的同时,关注我国社会主义市场经济条件下社会成员道德行为的历史性提升与道德警示。     

评价要素论

评价既有一般认识活动的普遍特征,又有不同于一般认识活动的个性标志。它是一种以形成价值判断为主要使命的特殊认识活动。评价主体、评价客体及评价中介构成评价的有机整体。评价主体基于一定的目的进行评价活动,具有很强的自我规定性;评价客体并不是自在的事物,而是人化的实在;评价中介则是一个精神主导的组合系统。     

作者文人化及其对清代白话小说创作的影响

清代是白话长篇小说创作全面走向文人化的时代。作者的社会地位和文化层次有了很大提高,且呈现出明显的专业化特质。小说创作模式由原来的“世代累积型”转变为文人独创。文人创作使作品的主体意识大大加强,小说的题材更广泛,对社会问题的认识更深切,小说的艺术品位也得到根本性提升。     

Social change and stress in Estonia

The article attempts to assess social stress in Estonia at this time of transformation. The hypothesized model of social stress is based on the stress and coping model of Lazarus & Folkman and Borden and is applied as a frame of reference to the investigation. One thousand adult respondents from the Household Budget Survey were involved in the survey in March and April 1993. The factor analysis revealed 4 factors that determined coping with stress: frustration, passivity, happiness and future orientation. Cluster analysis of the respondents confirmed that 41% of the men's and 30% of the women's samples represented groups of risk of higher levels of distress. The findings provide support for the hypothesized model of social stress and indicate that multiple social change is the central source of stress for people living in Estonia.     

一种新的混合型多属性决策方法及在供应商选择中的应用

研究了一种属性权重未知的混合型多属性决策模型.为了简化计算,把区间数和模糊数转化成精确数得到规范的决策矩阵.基于属性的熵,建立了具有柔性的客观权重模型,把客观权重和主观权重线性合成为综合权重.给出了客观权重和综合权重合理性的判定定理.最后的案例说明该法是可行、有效的.     

农村居民金融素养对金融决策的影响路径与实证检验——基于山东省的调查

居民金融素养偏低会影响金融决策,降低其金融福祉。利用山东省调查数据,通过中介和调节效应检验农村居民客观和主观金融素养对其金融决策的影响路径,结果显示：客观金融素养对金融市场和保险市场参与、金融市场参与态度产生正的直接效应;主观金融素养对金融市场和保险市场参与产生负的直接效应,但对金融市场参与态度产生正的直接效应;主观金融素养在客观金融素养对金融市场和保险市场参与的影响中发挥不完全中介作用;客观金融素养对金融市场参与和金融市场参与态度的影响受主观金融素养的调节。