浅议反垄断法民事救济制度之完善

反垄断民事救济制度具有保护垄断行为受害者、防范政府失灵与推动反垄断法实施的功能,但我国《反垄断法》对民事救济制度的规定相当模糊,仅在第五十条中简略规定,我国反垄断法民事救济制度仍存在大量的空白和缺陷。本文从民事救济的概念、功能及缺陷着手,针对我国当前反垄断民事救济制度的缺陷,在损害赔偿制度的完善、禁令救济的增加、原告资格的界定以及举证责任的明确等方面提出相应的完善措施。     

With the Best of Intentions

Abstract

Charities and humanitarian organisations in Singapore that were involved in post-Tsunami relief and reconstruction work are repeatedly queried by volunteers, donors, and journalists. The world has pledged and donated billions to Tsunami relief and reconstruction, and I have personally given money to Singapore charities. Why do I still read about needy people in temporary shelters? Where has the money gone? Another question reflects similar sentiments of puzzlement, even frustration: I am moved by the devastation and would like to help by volunteering my time and expertise. I have signed up to volunteer with several humanitarian organisations. I am highly qualified and could help people. Why am I still not sent overseas?

These are good questions that deserve solid answers. This article discusses the latest thinking in relief circles as to which volunteers are best sent overseas and how donations can most responsibly be used for effective and sustainable reconstruction. The authors draw on Singapore's experience with providing relief in the aftermath of the Tsunami along with Dr. Tay Keong Tan's observations of relief and rehabilitation efforts in the Tsunami-affected areas of Sri Lanka and Indonesia. The article finds that volunteering requires much more than just a giving heart. Also, donations may be used most effectively by thinking long-term rather than just short-term. Further, donations are best administered in a way coordinated with local relief plans and in consultation with local people. The article closes by considering lessons for volunteers, donors, and humanitarian relief agencies from the Tsunami's aftermath.     

中古时期民间救灾综论

在我国中古时期,除了政府救灾措施之外,民间的救灾活动也开始日趋频繁,成为救灾中的重要力量。具体表现在地方宗族大姓、宗教团体、市场都参与了救灾,并起到了救济灾民,稳定地方社会,弥补政府救灾能力的不足,缓解政府救灾压力的积极作用,为中国古代救灾方式社会化、多样化提供了新的思路。这些活动也受到了统治者的重视,并采取措施进行倡导与鼓励。但中古时期的民间救灾也存在着一些不足。     

论婚内侵权行为的民事救济

婚内侵权行为进行民事法律救济具有必要性和可能性;婚内侵权行为的救济对象是以配偶权为主的人身权和特定的财产权;当前我国应当构建完善的婚内侵权民事责任体系。     

The Politics of Recognition: Jewish Refugees in Relief Policies and Human Rights Debates, 1945-1950

This essay analyses the place of Jewish survivors in the refugee system established by the West in the aftermath of the Second World War. Departing from the literature of trauma and mourning, this article addresses Holocaust survivors as migrant refugees subjected to international categorisations, relief policies and human rights debates. Between 1945 and 1950, Jewish refugees were recognised as an ideal-type community of victims by western humanitarianism. Recognition entailed symbolic and material entitlements, and eventually rewarded Holocaust survivors with historical, political and territorial vindication. As opposed to other refugee groups who entered the market of international compassion in the 1940s, Jewish refugees were granted full status of political victims.     

生命权私法救济浅谈

现行民法体系对生命权的保护非常欠缺,这是由于对生命权保护的理论认识存在不足。本文试从受侵害致死人生命权受保护之必要性、如何保护入手,对受害人近亲属赔偿请求权法理基础作一梳理、比较,进而提出需要在私法上对生命权进行全方位保护的主张。     

论灾害伦理研究中的若干基本问题

灾害是人类无从避免而又必须面对的突发现象。它使人类诸多道德矛盾在瞬间交织爆发，也因而成为进行伦理学研究的最佳场域。灾害伦理研究中的基本问题有：灾害成因的伦理解释；灾害降临的伦理应对；灾害救助的伦理维度；灾害抚慰的伦理实施等。     

我国私权保护的成本选择与司法改革

我国对私权的保护从立法到法律的运行均比较滞后,权利主体进行权利救济时将救济成本作为重要的因素以决定权利人采用何种救济方式,国家司法机构则提出司法公正的要求,同时国家也承担着为追求公正而应付出的司法成本。经济全球化势必带来法律理念的变革,成本的付出更应以司法的公正、权利的平等为先导,就此国家应进行一系列的司法改革。     

瑞典的社会救助制度

瑞典传统的社会救济可以追溯到中世纪。1957年,瑞典政府废除了传统的济贫法,建立了新的社会救助制度。1982年,社会民主党政府又以社会服务法代替了社会救助法,为瑞典民众提供了更加全面和充分有效的社会保障。无论是作为现代社会保障制度前身的传统社会救济措施,还是作为现代社会保险制度补充措施的社会救济制度,在瑞典历史发展的不同阶段都发挥了重要的作用。     

美国审计署的灾民救助金控制框架及启示

随着我国抗震救灾工作的深入,灾民救助金的管理已经成为世人关注的焦点.本文主要分析美国灾民救助金使用中的问题及美国审计署(GAO)的控制框架,试图对我国高效使用灾民救助金有所启发.