语言教学的“粗料输入”

在语言教学中 ,教师经常面对的一项选择是如何为学习者安排难度适当 ,份量适中的语言材料。作者认为 ,借助克拉申的语言输入 -输出假设不妨为一个行之有效的方法。语言教学中的粗料输入在内化学习者语言知识、提高语言能力方面能起到独到的作用     

Absorptive and transformative capacities in nanotechnology innovation systems

We identify managerial challenges offered by an emergent nanotechnology innovation system in which knowledge is dispersed, asymmetric and contested. We argue the proposed models of knowledge absorption and transformation enhance existing theories of knowledge and emergent technology by recognizing how and why knowledge flows among the actors in emergent technology innovation system. We base our argument on combined research evidence from a Delphi study concerning the future of European manufacturing, from which a selected statement has been analyzed, and from analysis of the NanoManufacturing Institute at Leeds University, UK; specifically its work in building ties between different actors associated with nanotechnology. We conclude our paper with suggestions for future research.     

考虑通行约束和运力限制的灾后应急物资联合调度优化研究

考虑到灾后路网受损难以运输应急物资，本文研究了应急响应中车辆-直升机联合调度的路径优化问题。针对受灾地区的实时路况，通往灾区的救援工具受到数量以及装载量的约束，本文将受灾点等待救援的平均时间最短以及应急网络总费用最低设为目标，构建运力受限条件下带通行约束的救援物资联合运输多目标优化模型，然后根据随机邻域搜索变异和分级交叉的思想构建出一种带精英策略的非支配排序混合进化算法（NSHEA-II）得到模型的解，并利用算例分析对该算法进行可行性检验。结果发现，本文构建的NSHEA-II算法相对NSGA-II算法能够得到较好的结果且波动性较小，这为决策者制定救援物资的配送方案提供有效的技术支撑。     

供应链中具有产能限制的竞争企业中的信息共享研究

本文研究由一个供货商和两个制造商组成的二级供应链中，制造商之间的横向信息共享策略和供应商的定价问题。在模型中，上游供应商同时为下游两家制造商提供价格相同的原材料，下游制造商生产具有替代性的商品进行数量竞争，并受到相同的产能限制。以Cournot博弈为研究手段，求解了制造商的均衡订货决策和信息共享策略，分析比较了在不同的信息共享策略下制造商的利润、供应商的利润和批发价格。本文在研究制造商的信息共享策略时考虑了上游供应商的批发价格的影响。研究表明，当均衡解受到产能约束时，制造商的信息共享策略会反向。在某些情况下，完全信息共享和完全信息不共享都可能成为博弈的占优策略。上游供应商通过调整批发价格可以影响制造商的信息共享决策。该模型为上游供应商提供了一种最优定价策略，也为下游制造商提供了求解自身最优订货量和信息共享决策的方法。     

Performance of TOC based finite capacity material requirement planning system for a multi-stage assembly factory

This paper aims to develop a finite capacity material requirement planning (FCMRP) system based on TOC philosophy (TOC-MRP) for multi-stage assembly factory that has some bottleneck stations. The proposed TOC-MRP system tries to load and schedule operations on bottleneck stations in a manner that they are free of idle time and overtime. The schedules on non-bottleneck stations will be arranged until they are not conflicting with those on the bottleneck stations. The non-bottleneck stations are allowed to have idle time and overtime if necessary. To analyse whether TOC-MRP is effective, it is compared with a FCMRP method that does not adopt TOC philosophy. The experimental results reveal that the TOC-MRP outperforms the FCMRP without TOC philosophy.     

The exact solution to the mle of a decreasing density based on arbitrarily right censored data

Nonparametric maximum likelihood estimation of decreasing and unimodal density functions, based on observations subject to arbitrary right censorship, was considered by McNichols and Padgett(1982). In order to compute their estimators, however, nonlinear equations with linear constraints had to be maximized using numerical techniques. The exact solution to this problem can now be found. An example illustrates the simplicity of the method.     

文学艺术在地球生态系统中的序位--《生态文艺学》论稿之一

地球生态系统是一个有机、有序、运动着的“活体” ;地球生态系统大体包括自然生态系统、社会生态系统、精神生态系统 ;文学艺术活动是生存的最为辉煌灿烂的景观     

Penalized spline joint models for longitudinal and time-to-event data

The joint models for longitudinal data and time-to-event data have recently received numerous attention in clinical and epidemiologic studies. Our interest is in modeling the relationship between event time outcomes and internal time-dependent covariates. In practice, the longitudinal responses often show non linear and fluctuated curves. Therefore, the main aim of this paper is to use penalized splines with a truncated polynomial basis to parameterize the non linear longitudinal process. Then, the linear mixed-effects model is applied to subject-specific curves and to control the smoothing. The association between the dropout process and longitudinal outcomes is modeled through a proportional hazard model. Two types of baseline risk functions are considered, namely a Gompertz distribution and a piecewise constant model. The resulting models are referred to as penalized spline joint models; an extension of the standard joint models. The expectation conditional maximization (ECM) algorithm is applied to estimate the parameters in the proposed models. To validate the proposed algorithm, extensive simulation studies were implemented followed by a case study. In summary, the penalized spline joint models provide a new approach for joint models that have improved the existing standard joint models.     

高职机电专业教学资源建设研究

通过对吉林地区人才需求分析,为促进学生职业能力的可持续发展,研究以就业为导向,构建突出职业能力的课程体系;"竞、技、协"相结合,构建个性化能力培养平台;校企共建虚实结合的教学资源,以提高人才培养质量。     

清朝咸同年间滇东南回民捍卫民族生存斗争的性质辨析——对马德新、马如龙的重新评价

清代咸同年间爆发的滇东南回民反对清政府的抗暴自卫斗争,具有维护民族生存自立的性质,与滇西杜文秀领导的各族反清大起义不同,故对其领导人马德新、马如龙不能以简单的投降、叛徒论之,而应给予客观评价。