妇女参与计划生育，促进西部大开发战略实施

本文通过对我国西部人口与计生现状分析,提出通过计生“三结合”等多种形式,促进广大西部妇女参与计划生育,最终实现为西部大开发战略实施提供良好的人口环境。     

戏侮与冷酷：映现人性的丑与恶——契诃夫《苦恼》与余华《我没有自己的名字》之比较

余华是20世纪80年代中国文坛涌现出的一位出色小说家,他对原生态生活的书写,对人性的剖析,对普通民众的关注,尤其是对那些小人物命运的言说,使他的创作有一种直面现实的社会担当。他的短篇小说《我没有自己的名字》和俄罗斯短篇小说大师契诃夫的《苦恼》在主人公塑造、苦难叙述、人性剖析以及情节设计诸方面都有着惊人的相似。两个不同时代、不同民族的小说家竟有如此这般相像,不论它是一种偶然巧合还是有着某种深层的因果关系,对其的研究都有重要意义。     

《群书治要》修身治国、为政以德的德治思想探析

《群书治要》作为初唐著名谏臣魏征、虞世南等辑录前人著述以作谏书的匡政巨著,为唐太宗“治国安邦”,创建“贞观之治”提供警示作用,书中包含了修身、齐家、为政、官德、用人、教育、道德、民本等修身治国之道,并富含正己修身、以德教民、仁政爱民、明德慎罚等德治思想,这些德治思想对于复兴中华文化、构筑民族中国梦,具有很好的指导作用。     

论农村经济结构调整的基本方略

农村经济结构需进行战略性调整.调整应讲求基本方略.本文就此论述了调整的基本原则、调整的区域布局、调整的目标重点、调整的结构层次和调整的操作要领.     

任弼时对纠正解放战争时期土改“左”倾错误的贡献

解放战争时期党在领导解放区的土地改革时曾出现过严重的“左”倾错误。任弼时从划分阶级标准、保护中农利益、保护私营工商业、区别对待地富等四个方面提出了正确的理论和政策,努力纠正“左”倾错误,为土改的胜利完成作出了重要贡献。在任弼时百年诞辰到来之际,深入研究任弼时纠正土改中“左”倾错误的理论与实践,具有重要意义。     

Logik der Situationsdefinition und Logik der Handlungsselektion

This article presents a conception of “definition of situation” in reference to the theory of action of Max Weber which is an alternative to Hartmut Essers’ “theory of frame-selection” (TdFS). The basicdeficiency of the theory of Esser exists in the absence of the value-reference of the cultural frames what can be observed especially in Essers formalisations of the value-rational action. But the objec-tion is related to the whole TdSF. In order to overcome the utilitarian shortcoming of this model I propose to differentiate between the logic of the situation and the logic of the selection of action. The definition of the situation does not follow the principle of utility-maximizing, but the principle of value-reasoning. Both levels of selection-process are related to each other. But each of these levels has a specific principle of the selection, which cannot be violated without a decrease of the rationality of action.     

Kernel Smoothing to Improve Bootstrap Confidence Intervals

Some studies of the bootstrap have assessed the effect of smoothing the estimated distribution that is resampled, a process usually known as the smoothed bootstrap. Generally, the smoothed distribution for resampling is a kernel estimate and is often rescaled to retain certain characteristics of the empirical distribution. Typically the effect of such smoothing has been measured in terms of the mean-squared error of bootstrap point estimates. The reports of these previous investigations have not been encouraging about the efficacy of smoothing. In this paper the effect of resampling a kernel-smoothed distribution is evaluated through expansions for the coverage of bootstrap percentile confidence intervals. It is shown that, under the smooth function model, proper bandwidth selection can accomplish a first-order correction for the one-sided percentile method. With the objective of reducing the coverage error the appropriate bandwidth for one-sided intervals converges at a rate of n ^−1/4, rather than the familiar n ^−1/5 for kernel density estimation. Applications of this same approach to bootstrap t and two-sided intervals yield optimal bandwidths of order n ^−1/2. These bandwidths depend on moments of the smooth function model and not on derivatives of the underlying density of the data. The relationship of this smoothing method to both the accelerated bias correction and the bootstrap t methods provides some insight into the connections between three quite distinct approximate confidence intervals.     

The impact of missing values in the concentration–time curve on the assessment of bioequivalence

A complication that may arise in some bioequivalence studies is that of ‘incomplete subject profiles’, caused by missing values that occur at one or more sampling points in the concentration–time curve for some study subjects. We assess the impact of incomplete subject profiles on the assessment of bioequivalence in a standard two‐period crossover design. The specific aim of the investigation is to assess the impact of four different patterns of missing concentration values on the coverage level of a 90% nominal two‐sided confidence interval for the ratio of geometric means and then to consider the impact on the probability of concluding bioequivalence. An overall conclusion from the results is that random missingness – that is, missingness for reasons unrelated to the bioavailability of the formulation involved or, more generally, to any aspect of the study design and conduct – has a damaging effect on the study conclusions only when the number of missing values is fairly large. On the other hand, a missingness pattern that potentially has a very damaging effect on the study conclusions is that which arises when values are missing ‘late’ in the concentration–time curve. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd     

浅谈班主任工作

为促进班集体建设,班主任要树立正确的班集体发展目标,建立健全班集体组织结构,把德育放在教育首位,以培养学生学习能力,端正其学习态度为工作重心,并结合本校特点,加强爱心教育.     

从世界零售业发展看中国零售业态发展走势

零售业是一个国家经济的重要组成部分。发达国家零售业不断出现新的经营方式和销售方式 ,并代表着未来零售业的发展方向。借鉴发达国家零售业发展经验 ,遵循发展规律 ,对正确把握我国零售业态发展方向 ,使中国零售业不断发展壮大 ,具有重要意义。