Genericism and Specialization: The Story since 1970

Using the first three years of the British Journal of SocialWork, 1971–74, as a starting point, this paper tracesthe difficulties which have beset the social work professionin establishing a sound coherent basis both for a generic foundationand for subsequent specializations. It examines the factorswhich have contributed to these difficulties, in education,in practice and in relation to external factors, notably political.It concludes that social work has been blown off course butthat there are hopeful indications of a new impetus to restoreand regenerate the essence of good practice.     

我国物流业的产业联动发展研究

基于垂直专业化思想和投入产出法建立物流业与国民经济产业的供需联动发展模型,以美、日、英、法4个OECD国家为参照对象,测算和比较分析1992-2007年间我国及全国八大经济区域物流业与相关产业的联动发展状况,并根据两种联动发展类型的关系强弱确定了联动主导产业,这对于准确把握我国物流业发展水平及地区发展差异具有重要意义,可为物流业与国民经济产业联动政策的制定与完善提供一定的依据。     

Getting Unstuck: Interdisciplinarity as a New Discipline

Most disciplines and subdisciplines consider their particular specialization to be valuable in itself and superior to other disciplines. But compared with the huge leaps in the physical sciences, the social/behavioral sciences and humanities have made little progress. Since many of the physical science advances were the result of the merging of disciplines, perhaps interdisciplinarity should be tried. One path to connecting disciplines, subdisciplines, and micro‐macro levels is suggested by Spinoza's idea of part/whole methodology, exactly balancing concrete instances with abstract theses. Ideas by B. Pascal, A. Koestler, A. N. Whitehead, and E. O. Wilson may also be helpful. Any discipline, subdiscipline, or level can serve as a valuable stepping‐off place, but to advance further, integration with at least one other viewpoint may be necessary. Two brilliant examples are The Civilizing Process, by the sociologist Norbert Elias, and Freudian Repression, by the psychologist Michael Billig. Koestler's idea of “bi‐sociation” may prove to be particularly rewarding. The way that Virginia Woolf's depiction of role‐taking in interior monologue preceded the idea in social science is an extraordinary example. The need for integration may be the single most important issue facing social science, the humanities, and their subdisciplines. Given the scope of the social/behavioral problems faced by humanity, the sooner the better.     

The purchaser/provider separation in child and family social work: Implications for service delivery and for the role of the social worker

This paper discusses some of the findings from a research study that was carried out in 1995. The study aimed to examine the implications of the use of the purchaser/provider separation (and associated care management processes) in social work with children and families, focusing on the effects of separation on service delivery and on the role of the social worker. The research involved two stages: a telephone survey (to gather quantitative data about the prevalence of organizational separation in England and qualitative data about perceived advantages and disadvantages of separation) and a single exploratory case study in a Local Authority Social Services Department.
The paper is concerned primarily with the case study findings. It begins by locating organizational separation within a social policy context. This is followed by an overview of the existing literature on the implications of the purchaser/provider separation and care management for service delivery and for the social work role. The methods and key findings for the telephone survey and the case study are then described. Analysis of the case study data suggested that separation in this setting could be understood along three dimensions: efficient processing versus delays; control of the work and work processes versus lack of control; and clarity of role and task versus duplication. The paper ends with a discussion of the study's main conclusion – that the purchaser/provider separation in child and family work may introduce benefits of specialization whilst also bringing problems associated with fragmentation of the traditional social work role.     

试论教师专业化及其专业化培养

教师专业化是教育事业改革与发展的根本需要,是师范教育培养目标的必然走向。教师专业化必然要求教师培养的专业化,教师培养的专业化是教师专业化的基本保障。教师专业化有区别于其他专业的本质特点。教师的专业化培养也应有别于综合性大学文理科以及工科、农科、医科等,其课程设置、学习年限以及教学方式必须有别于其他专业,但同时又需要借鉴其他学科专业较好的做法。     

地方高校辅导员队伍专业化发展探索

在高等教育大众化发展阶段,必须加强地方高校辅导员队伍建设。一要明确角色定位,优化队伍结构,拓展辅导员多样化发展空间;二要创新培养模式,完善培养机制,着力提升辅导员的专业素质;三要完善管理体制,优化成长环境,培养辅导员的职业成就感。     

The Tension between Mainstream Competence and Specialization in Adult Protection: An Evaluation of the Role of the Adult Protection Co-ordinator

With the implementation of No Secrets (Department of Health, 2000),the question of how far to specialize in adult protection hasbeen raised for social services departments. Related issuesinclude the extent of specialization within the vulnerable adultclient groups as well as between adult protection specialistsand other workers. This paper draws on an evaluation of therole of the adult protection co-ordinator across two local authoritysocial services departments (the case study) who share adultprotection policies, protocols and procedures but where thespecialist role has only partially been implemented and hasevolved in different ways. It identifies a number of criticalconsiderations for the local implementation of national policy,including the particular model for adult protection specialization,working relationships with district management and care management,decision making and accountability, adult protection case managementand the development of mainstream competence in adult protection.     

加强高校图书分馆建设的几点思考

随着高校办学规模的扩大,高校图书馆分馆的建设出现了许多亟待解决的新问题。文章就高校图书馆专业分馆的管理模式、服务模式、人才资源的开发等方面提出了改革的构想。     

人口较少民族经济发展与西方区域经济理论

民族经济的发展,实质上就是民族内部分工和专业化发展以及其经济组织演进的历史过程,而政府产业政策的选择是影响分工进而促进人口较少民族从发展进入良性循环的关键。文章通过新古典学派、制度学派、调和派三种关于政府干预与人口较少民族经济发展关系问题的理论的对比,认为发展人口较少民族经济,缩小民族之间和地区之间的经济差距不能完全依靠自发的市场力量,而要依靠政府的干预。     

社会工作的机遇与挑战：精神病人社区康复过程中的社会服务介入

精神病康复是随着西方非院舍化和社区照顾运动而产生的一种新的服务框架,目的是帮助精神病人在社区日常生活环境中增强积极管理自己病症的能力,改善精神病人的社会支持,提高精神病人的社会生活功能.精神病康复服务中所蕴含的宗旨与社会工作的基本原则非常相似,为社会工作的发展提供了巨大的空间.同时,也使社会工作面临无可回避的挑战:如何在坚持社会工作自己的价值理念基础上发展社会工作独特的服务方式.中国大陆精神病康复服务的发展需要社会工作者的积极介入,但服务介入的方式与西方社会工作不同,在家庭责任关系中理解精神病人及其家庭成员的日常生活愿望,整合发展和治疗、内部心理调适和外部社会支持,以家庭为服务介入的对象,在日常生活中发展专业化的服务方式.