社会资本与技术创新的研究综述

社会资本在两个层面上对于技术创新起到显著作用。在组织间层面上,企业与外部实体之间的联系和互动所产生的信任,减少了知识交换和技术合作的风险和投机行为,加速了知识传递和技术创新;在组织内部,企业内部形成的关联,加速技术、信息和知识从外部向企业的转移及其在企业内部扩散,从而促进企业技术创新活动。     

Declining inter-industry wage dispersion in the US

Industrial effects have long been significant factors in wage inequality. Previous research indicates that wage differentials across industries were increasing through the mid 1980s. Using more recent data, however, we find that the level of inter-industry wage dispersion declined by 36% from 1986 to 2002 despite the continued trend towards increasing inequality in the labor force. This decline in inter-industry wage dispersion is evident across gender and educational groups. Using multilevel growth curve models, our multivariate results indicate that the decline is only weakly related to industrial changes in education, occupation or even productivity despite the fact that the latter variable had been a critical factor in the prior period. Indicators of globalization and downsizing also do not appear to explain this decline. For the more recent period, the most important factors associated with the narrowing of inter-industry wage dispersion are reduced unionization rates and the higher proportion of casual workers. We interpret these results as suggesting that firms may now be less economically obliged to pass on a portion of their rents to broad groups of workers and may instead be engaged in more idiosyncratic processes of negotiation with individual workers based on micro-level sources of bargaining power.     

实施技术创新战略提高国企可持续发展能力

加强技术创新对实施国家可持续发展战略,提高企业可持续发展能力至关重要.技术创新对国企的振兴与发展、企业市场竞争力的提高、产业结构调整下企业经营方式转变发挥着重要作用.要实现国企效益的普遍提高,必须克服企业技术创新系统中存在的技术创新激励机制弱化、科技与经济脱节问题,使企业成为技术创新主体,以促进企业实施可持续发展的技术创新战略.     

浅谈中小企业的技术创新

技术创新也是中小型企业生存和发展的基本前提.中小型企业应充分利用自身技术创新的优势,克服不利因素,重视吸纳、培养创新人才并充分发挥其作用,采取正确的技术创新对策.同时,政府也应为中小企业技术创新拓宽融资渠道,创造良好的环境.     

独立学院向应用技术型高校转型初探

向应用技术型高校转型,是独立学院抓住历史机遇、实现规范创新发展的必然选择。为此,国家层面须加大政策支持,健全保障机制,引导行业企业积极参与;独立学院层面须进一步深化应用型人才培养模式改革：明确办学定位和人才培养目标,切实加强“双师型”师资队伍建设,大力推进国际交流和校企合作,加强学生实践实训锻炼等。     

论电子商务法基本原则

电子商务法学界对电子商务法基本原则的认识仍存在种种分歧和不足.技术中立原则只是民法平等原则的细化,不能成为电子商务法基本原则.在梳理国内现有理论研究并汲取合理成分的基础上,以法律基本原则的原理为基础,从电子商务法解决的核心问题是在非面对面交易环境中,如何确保当事人能够获得商品和价款出发,提出电子商务法基本原则是安全原则.功能等同是判定利用新型信息技术所实施的法律行为有效与否的标准,是安全原则的重要外延和具体化.安全原则要求第三方电子商务平台针对平台内发生的第三方侵权行为负有合理的注意义务.在安全原则指引下,技术中立非绝对,应包含国家安全等例外规则.     

Raymond Williams and sociology

The purpose of this article is to recover Williams as a major theoretical inspiration for the social sciences, specifically, as the inaugurator of what might be regarded as a research paradigm, cultural materialism. In the first section, Williams's encounter with the discipline of sociology is traced and distinguished as a critical alternative to the presently ascendant – at least in the USA – neo‐Durkeimian school of ‘cultural sociology’. In the second section, his cultural‐materialist programme is proposed as a powerful analytical framework for the study of culture and society today. In the final section, a key concept of Williams's cultural materialism, mobile privatization, is selected illustratively and proposed as a powerful analytical tool for studying the production and technological mediation of typical modes of communicative sociality in the early twenty‐first century.     

论后现代技术的品性和实践

以信息、语言、记忆工业和时间物体为代表的后现代技术,批判现代技术的机械化、商品化、功利化、权力化人类中心主义以及物化和异化带来的各类难以预测的事故和灾难。主张在非祛魅性、多元性、生态性和非决定论的后现代科学基础上,根除"技术官僚主义",推动后现代技术往更加人道、民主、自由、智慧和艺术的方向发展,将技术进一步人性化和真善美一体化,使其真正为新人民和全人类的文明服务。     

从地理决定论到结构主义:地缘政治研究方法的变迁

地缘政治学以人与环境之间的关系为分析基础,为人类重新认识自然环境提供了崭新的视角。随着全球化的发展、科学技术的进步、全球信息社会的初步形成,结构主义取代地理决定论将成为地缘政治研究的主要方法。     

我国建立网络大学有关问题的探讨

针对我国高等教育的实际情况,综合论述了建立网络大学的必要性,从理论和实践两方面探讨了高校建立网络大学所需的技术环境和资金筹集模式.