Performance Evaluations as Gender Barriers in Professional Organizations: A Study of Auditing Firms

Gendering processes often take the form of organizational subtexts, that is, seemingly gender‐neutral practices that have gender implications. The purpose of this article is to study performance evaluations, which, based on management by objectives systems, may appear neutral, but tend to be based on male norms of what is regarded as good performance. We analysed the careers and performance evaluations of 391 newly licenced Swedish auditors, using an open‐ended question survey. In this industry 50 per cent of new employees and 92 per cent of partners are men. Even in the early stages of their careers, there are notable differences between women and men. The women achieved less and show lower career ambitions and expectations as well as greater intentions to leave the auditing industry. Performance evaluations are also perceived differently, men focusing on what is evaluated (reflecting the perceptions of those at higher hierarchical levels) and women focusing on who does the evaluating and how.     

“花儿”演唱中美声唱法的运用

美声唱法作为当今世界最有影响的歌唱流派之一,已形成一套完整的、科学的发声体系,尤其在高音区的演唱上表现得更为突出。＂花儿＂歌手应通过掌握美声唱法科学的演唱技巧和发声方法,洋为中用,提高演唱水平,使＂花儿＂这一民族声乐艺术得到进一步发展。     

电子信息化推进高校财务管理创新

电子信息技术的普及和成熟,给高校财务管理带来了新的发展机遇和挑战,有利推动高校财务的组织和运行创新,为加快财务核算、支付、服务等流程的改造和创新提供了技术设想和可行性,高校财务电子信息化创新将越来越趋重于财务信息的公开共享和信息数据的绩效评价。     

Interdisciplinary Applications: Providing a Past for “Bodies That Matter”: Judith Butler's Impact on the Archaeology of Gender

Recent archeological work on gender and sexuality has drawn on Judith Butler's discussions of abjection and gender performance in ways that promise to contribute to explicating these concepts. Representations of the past have the potential to lend the illusion of time depth, and thus cultural legitimacy, to contemporary social phenomena. Initially, feminist scholarship in archaeology did not critically interrogate gender. Consequently, it could be used to reinforce static, natural, and binary representations of gender in reconstructions of the past and their use in conservative ways in the present. Recently, some archaeologists have begun to focus on the regulatory modes through which gender was produced and reproduced in prehistoric communities. Archaeological work has been especially successful in examining the material dimensions of gender performance, thus addressing one of the repeated criticisms of this concept. The authors of this essay provide an overview of this recent archaeological writing with an emphasis on the ways it draws on, critiques, and extends the work of Judith Butler.     

加强班集体建设 开创校园文化建设新途径

班集体的建设是校园文化建设中的重要环节.通过实践以班集体为载体进行校园文化建设,总结了一条校园文化建设的创新之路.     

Social ties, task-related communication and first job performance of young engineers

This study investigated the relationships among social ties, task-related communication, and first industrial job performance of a group of young engineers by utilizing a cooperative (coop) engineering program as a natural study. The coop arrangement allowed the researcher to examine the work behavior of these young engineers with similar academic training who were working on comparable work assignments in the same set of organizations.The study found that the job performance of the coop engineers was related to the pattern of work- related communication but not the total number of contacts. Specifically, high performance new engineers were integrated more broadly into the interpersonal communication networks than low performance new engineers. Moreover, high performance new engineers exhibited communication patterns similar to those of high performance veteran engineers working on similar types of technical work. Social ties with the company staff was found to be related positively with job performance, but social ties with other coop engineers was found to be related negatively with job performance, a result which challenges an implicit assumption often made by researchers and managers about the organizational socialization of newcomers. Overall, this study provides an integrative framework for relating social ties and communication as key factors for understanding the job performance of young engineers and presents a methodology for assessing their organizational assimilation.     

对普通话水平测试的几点思考

国家语委近年来致力于对专业人员进行普通话水平测试。从测试情况看,有些值得探讨的问题。如:工作的重点放在哪里?测试的目的是什么?怎么看待轻声和儿化?“说话”就是“自说自话”吗?     

机械设计与自动化"专业课程设计"的改革与实践

为了培养新世纪新型人才,适应教学改革的需要,针对机械设计与自动化专业的"专业课程设计"一直采用传统模式教学,教学方法、教学手段没有实质性变化,不能满足现在教学发展的要求状况,提出了该项教学改革.利用慧鱼教具尝试了"专业课程设计"新的教学方法,采用机械传动系统设计、硬件控制、编程结合的教学手段,使专业课程设计变成了学生自己的概念设计、创意设计、创新设计的过程,使学生的设计思想以物化的形式表现出来,取得了很好的教学效果.     

论实践"三个代表"与高等教育创新

高等教育的根本任务是培养高素质的创新人才,而高等教育本身的创新,是高等教育改革的核心和关键。本文从"三个代表"的有关理论出发,阐述了实践"三个代表"与高等教育创新的联系,提出了实现高等教育创新的一些　　有效途径。     

与时俱进办好社科期刊发展繁荣哲学社会科学

江泽民同志连续三次就哲学社会科学的发展问题作了重要讲话,从治党兴国的战略高度,强调了哲学社会科学的重要性,指明了哲学社会科学发展的正确方向,这些讲话是新时期关于哲学社会科学发展的纲领性文件.文章论述了学习江泽民讲话的重要意义,着重论述社会科学期刊编辑工作者如何贯彻"讲话"精神,做好工作,并就在办刊实践中应坚持正确的导向、增强创新意识、精心策划选题以及树立精品意识做好编稿工作等几个方面进行了探讨.