The impact of a workplace terrorist attack on employees' perceptions of leadership: A longitudinal study from pre- to postdisaster

A terrorist attack targeting a workplace represents an organizational crisis that requires the leaders to manage emerging threats. The changing roles and expectations of the leaders are reflected in the employees' perceptions of them over time. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the 2011 Oslo bombing attack affected the targeted employees' perceptions of the leadership behaviors of their immediate superiors or the organizational managers' interest in the health and well-being of their workers. Ministerial employees (n ≈ 180) completed questionnaires on fair, empowering, and supportive leadership, in addition to human resource primacy, on two occasions several years prior to the terrorist attack. Assessments were then repeated one, two, and three years after the attack. Changes in the course of perceived leadership from predisaster to postdisaster were examined using bootstrapped t-tests and latent growth curve models. Furthermore, the general course of perceived leadership was compared with a nonexposed control sample of matched employees. Results showed that employees with high levels of posttraumatic stress perceived their immediate leader to be less supportive. However, overall perceptions of leadership were remarkably stable, which suggests that the effects of critical incidents on perceptions of leadership may be negligible.     

中国省域创新创业环境评价指标体系的构建研究——对全国31个省级单位的测评

围绕创新创业环境的内涵,梳理了影响创新创业环境的六类主要因素,归纳潜在指标;对各潜在指标进行"聚类—因子—权重"综合分析,提炼影响创新创业环境的主要因子,构建出以6个一级指标和20个二级指标为核心的创新创业环境评价指标体系,并建立评价模型。以中国各省为样本,对全国31个省级单位的创新创业环境在2014年的状况进行测评排序。依据各省创新创业环境综合得分情况,得出全国31省2014年创新创业环境的地理空间分布图。分地区评价结果显示,东部地区创新创业环境具有明显优势,中部、东北和西部地区发展空间较大。从准则层指出各个地区优化创新创业环境的着力点。     

Robust inference for group sequential trials

For ethical reasons, group sequential trials were introduced to allow trials to stop early in the event of extreme results. Endpoints in such trials are usually mortality or irreversible morbidity. For a given endpoint, the norm is to use a single test statistic and to use that same statistic for each analysis. This approach is risky because the test statistic has to be specified before the study is unblinded, and there is loss in power if the assumptions that ensure optimality for each analysis are not met. To minimize the risk of moderate to substantial loss in power due to a suboptimal choice of a statistic, a robust method was developed for nonsequential trials. The concept is analogous to diversification of financial investments to minimize risk. The method is based on combining P values from multiple test statistics for formal inference while controlling the type I error rate at its designated value.This article evaluates the performance of 2 P value combining methods for group sequential trials. The emphasis is on time to event trials although results from less complex trials are also included. The gain or loss in power with the combination method relative to a single statistic is asymmetric in its favor. Depending on the power of each individual test, the combination method can give more power than any single test or give power that is closer to the test with the most power. The versatility of the method is that it can combine P values from different test statistics for analysis at different times. The robustness of results suggests that inference from group sequential trials can be strengthened with the use of combined tests.     

Testing independence based on Bernstein empirical copula and copula density

In this paper we provide three nonparametric tests of independence between continuous random variables based on the Bernstein copula distribution function and the Bernstein copula density function. The first test is constructed based on a Cramér-von Mises divergence-type functional based on the empirical Bernstein copula process. The two other tests are based on the Bernstein copula density and use Cramér-von Mises and Kullback–Leibler divergence-type functionals, respectively. Furthermore, we study the asymptotic null distribution of each of these test statistics. Finally, we consider a Monte Carlo experiment to investigate the performance of our tests. In particular we examine their size and power which we compare with those of the classical nonparametric tests that are based on the empirical distribution function.     

北方少数民族传统服饰文化地域特征分析

北方少数民族的服饰与该民族的生存环境以及民族性格有着完全对应的关系,各民族服饰的结构类型、色彩理念、审美情趣、图案寓意等表现形式,是对自身生活方式的理解与适应,以及在对精神世界的追求中形成的,具有浓郁的地域特征、独特的审美情趣和丰富的文化内涵。这种民族服饰特征与地域民俗风情,是北方少数民族强调修德、追求完美、提倡宽容、崇尚和谐统一等民族精神的体现。     

中国地方NGO生成机制的制度分析

地方NGO作为一种具体制度安排,其生成机制主要是在外在制度环境的作用下,以潜在利益为基本诱因,外在制度需求与内在制度供给相互契合推进,从而激励地方公民合作创设NGO制度安排的复杂过程。这是中国地方NGO生成的简要逻辑。从制度需求与制度供给的视角分析,在中国地方NGO的生成机制中,国家与市场对NGO制度安排的供给、市民集体行动的理性选择、地方制度转型的适应性安排、地方政府之间的制度竞争、地方知识精英的主导性介入与网络等科学技术进步的推动是六个关键性因素。特别是国家与市场的博弈过程与中国地方NGO的发展壮大过程相伴相生。分析中国地方NGO的生成机制,可以窥见中国公民社会的生长与发展轨迹。     

高职职业道德教育的人口——研究学生

本文指出研究高职生是高职院校开展职业道德教育的人口和重要实践前提,学院应为丌展职业道德教育创造最佳的教育环境。     

浅谈建设新农村背景下我国农村体育环境的构建因素

在建设社会主义新农村的时代背景下,农村体育事业的健康发展显得格外重要。当前我国农村体育在传统的体育发展观下,出现了一些顾此失彼的问题。文章运用科学发展观思想,通过对影响农村体育活动方式因素的剖析,提出大力构建和谐的农村体育环境是我国农村体育事业持续健康发展的必行之举。     

网络环境下应加强企业档案的信息化建设

当今信息社会,必须以加强企业信息化建设,建立完善的信息系统和快捷的信息交流来作为促进企业经济发展、科技进步、事业发达的战略举措。作为企业基础管理工作的档案事业,也应该紧跟时代发展的步伐,与时俱进,加强和完善企业的档案管理工作,建立健全信息化的档案管理理念,利用好档案这种企业经济和发展的重要战略资源。