西安市城市轨道交通建设产生的环境效益分析

为了实现轨道交通建设与城市环境协调发展,以西安市城市快速轨道交通建设为例,采用类比调查和数据分析的方法,定量研究了轨道交通建设产生的生态环境效益和社会环境效益。结果表明,城市轨道交通是高效率、低能耗、低污染以及舒适、安全、快捷的公交系统;城市轨道交通系统的发展将明显促进西安市城市经济的快速发展和生态环境的改善,实现城市经济效益、社会效益和环境效益三者的统一。     

新疆环境产业投资问题及对策研究

随着经济的快速发展,环境问题日渐成为阻碍人类发展的主要因素之一。许多国家和地区非常重视环境产业,但投资问题却影响着环境产业的发展。该文从新疆环境产业投资状况入手,针对新疆环境产业投资过程中存在的问题,从政府预核算制度、培育资金市场、开发和利用融资机会、实行排污物权交易制度等方面提出了环境产业投资的建议及对策,为新疆环境产业快速发展提供理论依据。     

A likelihood ratio test for bimodality in two-component mixtures with application to regional income distribution in the EU

We propose a parametric test for bimodality based on the likelihood principle by using two-component mixtures. The test uses explicit characterizations of the modal structure of such mixtures in terms of their parameters. Examples include the univariate and multivariate normal distributions and the von Mises distribution. We present the asymptotic distribution of the proposed test and analyze its finite sample performance in a simulation study. To illustrate our method, we use mixtures to investigate the modal structure of the cross-sectional distribution of per capita log GDP across EU regions from 1977 to 1993. Although these mixtures clearly have two components over the whole time period, the resulting distributions evolve from bimodality toward unimodality at the end of the 1970s.     

A BETA-OPTIMAL TEST OF THE EQUICORRELATION COEFFICIENT

This paper considers the problem of testing for nonzero values of the equicorrelation coefficient of a standard symmetric multivariate normal distribution. Recently, SenGupta (1987) proposed a locally best test. We construct a beta-optimal test and present selected one and five percent critical values. An empirical power comparison of SenGupta's test with two versions of the beta-optimal test and the power envelope shows the relative strengths of the three tests. It also allows us to assess and confirm Efron's (1975) rule of when to question the use of a locally best test, at least for this testing problem. On the basis of these results, we argue that the two beta-optimal tests can be considered as approximately uniformly most powerful tests, at least at the five percent significance level.     

谨慎的传奇——透视1950年代张恨水民间故事写作

20世纪50年代张恨水的通俗文学创作在选材方面有了一定变化,主要精力转移到重写家喻户晓的民间传奇故事上。通过对张恨水这些不大受人关注的作品进行条分缕析的解读,可以进一步体察50年代特定的文艺环境对作家心理和创作的影响。     

Exact testing in multivariate regression

An F statistic due to Rao (1951,1973) tests uniform mixed linear restrictions in the multivariateregression model. In combination with a generalization of the Bera-Evans-Savin exact functional relationship between the W, LR, and LM statistics, Rao's F serves to unify a number of exact test procedures commonly applied in disparate empirical literatures. Examples in demand analysis and asset pricing are provided. The availability of exact tests of restrictions in certain nonlinear models when the model is linear under the null, originally explored by Milliken-Graybill (1970), is extended to multivariate regression. Generalized RESET, J-, and Hausman-Wu tests are resented. As an extension of Dufour (1989), bounds tests exist for nonlinear and inequality restrictions. Applications include conservative bound tests for symmetry or negativity of the substitution matrix in demand systems.     

论在先使用权的保护环境

针对我国目前对在先使用权概念的统一、对在先使用权的保护以及提供怎样的有利环境的问题，采用比较分析的方法进行了论证。从在先使用权的构成要件入手，通过介绍一些发达国家的立法和经验，展示发达国家对在先使用权提供的保护环境，并对我国在先使用权制度建立的必要性进行了论证，对立法的完善提出了一些建议。分析结果表明，应将在先使用权保护的有关规定统一在知识产权立法的一章中，或是借鉴日本的做法，以单独立法的方式给予在先使用权更多的保护。该结论对我国在先使用权制度的发展有一定的参考价值。     

江苏省经济发展与城乡统筹关系实证分析：1980～2004

Granger因果关系检验表明,短期内江苏经济发展与城乡统筹存在着单向因果关系,长期内江苏的经济发展与城乡统筹之间存在着双向的、互为因果关系。进一步脉冲分析表明,一方面,经济发展并不会自动导致城乡差距的缩小,而且在长期还会进一步加大城乡差距;另一方面,在短期内城乡统筹水平对经济发展的影响并不显著,在长期内城乡统筹水平对经济发展的影响为负效应。     

基于虚拟仪器技术实现测试技术教学改革的研究

文章结合"机械工程测量与试验技术"课程实际章节内容,研究应用虚拟仪器技术,建立计算机辅助教学系统,实现融合性教学,为测试技术教学的改革提供论证和实例。     

Estimation of the number of studies with positive trends when studies with negative trends are present

A two-point estimator is proposed for the proportion of studies with positive trends among a collection of studies, some of which may demonstrate negative trends. The proposed estimator is the y-intercept of the secant line joining the points (a, F?(a)) and (b, F?(b)), where F?(p) is the empirical distribution function of p-values from one-tailed tests for positive trend derived from the individual studies. Although this estimator is negatively biased for any choice of the points 0 ≤ a < b ≤ 1, the bias is less than that of the previously proposed one-point estimator defined by setting b = 1. The bias of the two-point estimator is smallest when a and b approach the inflection point of the true distribution function, E [F?(p)]. The utility of the two-point estimator is demonstrated by using it to estimate the number of male-mouse liver carcinogens among carcinogenicity studies conducted by the National Toxicology Program.