Interpersonal dependency of preferences

Standard decision theoretic models disregard the phenomenon of interpersonal dependency of preferences. In this paper it is argued that interpersonal dependency of preferences is a serious challenge for standard utility theory. First we sketch the more philosophical aspects of the problem and then, using a simple, formal model for the two-person case, we show that interpersonal dependency of preferences generally results in indeterminacy of preferences (resp. of subjective utility).     

The ecosystem blueprint: How firms shape the design of an ecosystem according to the surrounding conditions

Ecosystems are formed by organisations that jointly create a value proposition that a single firm could not create in isolation. To deliver this value proposition, the partners need a focal firm, the orchestrator, to be align them towards the joint value proposition. Thus, how orchestrators design the alignment structure of an ecosystem is at the very heart of the ecosystem concept – yet it has not been sufficiently addressed by extant research. This is all the more true for the question of how the design of an ecosystem is shaped depending on surrounding conditions. This paper applies a qualitative study with ten cases and, based on the attention-based view of the firm, contributes to research on ecosystems in several ways. First, it explains which ecosystem designs are beneficial under which conditions. Second, it elucidates the structure and activities within ecosystems and shows that start-ups can be just as good ecosystem orchestrators as incumbents. Third, it explains the circumstances under which single vs. multi orchestrator ecosystems occur. Fourth, it presents the conditions when incumbents or start-ups make better orchestrators. Finally, it is among the first studies to apply the attention-based view to business ecosystems, and shows that doing so yields intriguing insights into this emerging field of research.     

Any complete preference structure without circuit admits an interval representation

This article proves that all complete preference structures where the strict preference relation (P) has no circuit admit a representation by intervals of the real line; the rule for deciding whether an interval is indifferent or preferred to another is less straightforward than for interval orders: strict preference is indeed compatible with a certain degree of overlapping of intervals, the allowed degree being specified by means of a so-called tolerance function.     

Three pseudo-paradoxes in ‘quantum’ decision theory: Apparent effects of observation on probability and utility

In quantum domains, the measurement (or observation) of one of a pair of complementary variables introduces an unavoidable uncertainty in the value of that variable's complement. Such uncertainties are negligible in Newtonian worlds, where observations can be made without appreciably disturbing the observed system. Hence, one would not expect that an observation of a non-quantum probabilistic outcome could affect a probability distribution over subsequently possible states, in a way that would conflict with classical probability calculations. This paper examines three problems in which observations appear to affect the probabilities and expected utilities of subsequent outcomes, in ways which may appear paradoxical. Deeper analysis of these problems reveals that the anomalies arise, not from paradox, but rather from faulty inferences drawn from the observations themselves. Thus the notion of quantum decision theory is disparaged.     

网络时代农产品质量安全事件风险放大机制研究——基于价值累加理论的扎根分析

随着互联网的飞速发展,农产品质量安全事件借助网络媒体持续关联与聚合、发酵与扩散,极大地影响着公众的情感和态度,易引发集体非理性恐慌,网络时代信息扩散和迭代呈现全新特征和趋势,故加强农产品质量安全事件风险放大机制研究具有重要意义。基于斯梅尔塞的价值累加理论,结合“土坑酸菜”事件,利用Python技术获取媒体原始资料,对资料进行扎根编码分析,构建农产品质量安全事件风险放大机制模型。根据编码结果识别出农产品质量安全事件风险放大六大主范畴,包括结构性诱因、结构性紧张、一般化信念、(有效的)组织动员、社会控制、风险放大,将主范畴内容纳入价值累加理论六大因素中,分析表明农产品质量安全事件风险放大是以突发事件为分界点,分为前期蓄势、中期造势、紧急处理三个阶段,前期蓄势和中期造势阶段通过多轮循环相互反馈影响,最终放大农产品质量安全事件风险。在整个风险扩散过程中,网络是农产品质量安全事件风险的“社会放大站”,其加速了信息传播,强化了公众风险感知。本研究运用价值累加理论、基于宏观和微观整合层面,细化探究了网络时代农产品质量安全事件风险放大的完整过程机制,进一步完善了风险放大SARF研究框架,为相关研究做了有益补充。     

黄河流域数字经济与新型城镇化耦合协调及驱动机制

黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展重大国家战略背景下,推动数字经济和新型城镇化深度融合是保障黄河长治久安的必然要求。通过阐释数字经济与新型城镇化的耦合协调机制,构建数字经济测度指标体系、新型城镇化评价指标体系,运用熵值法测度评价2012-2021年黄河流域数字经济、新型城镇化综合发展水平,利用耦合协调模型、空间自相关模型、地理探测器等方法,从时序演变和空间特征两方面分析黄河流域数字经济与新型城镇化的耦合协调发展水平及耦合协调度驱动机制。研究发现:(1)黄河流域数字经济和新型城镇化综合发展指数呈上升趋势;(2)从时序演变看,黄河流域数字经济与新型城镇化的耦合度、协调度及耦合协调度均有所提升,其中耦合协调度呈轻度失调 濒临失调 勉强协调演变,由衰退失调型转向过渡磨合型,整体未达到协调发展;从空间特征看,耦合协调度呈“南高北低”的空间格局;(3)不同驱动因子对黄河流域数字经济与新型城镇化耦合协调度的影响具有显著时间异质性和空间异质性。据此,提出推动黄河流域数字经济与新型城镇化耦合协调发展的对策建议。     

家庭功能与小班幼儿亲社会行为的关系：安全型依恋的中介作用和性别的调节作用

基于McMaster家庭功能模式理论和依恋理论,选取392名小班幼儿为被试,通过问卷调查探讨家庭功能与小班幼儿亲社会行为的关系,并检验安全型依恋的中介效应和性别的调节效应。结果显示,家庭功能、亲社会行为、安全型依恋两两之间均呈现显著的正相关。安全型依恋在家庭功能与小班幼儿亲社会行为的关系中起着部分中介作用。性别显著调节家庭功能与亲社会行为之间的关系。具体而言,家庭功能显著正向影响女性幼儿的亲社会行为,但对男性幼儿亲社会行为的影响并不显著。     

贵德三屯民间文化调查报告

调查报告以实地考察为依据,结合文献资料、历史遗迹,对贵德三屯的历史、民间信仰、风俗民情及地域文化特点等进行了较为系统的考述,并对其成因作了初步分析,由此勾勒出“贵德三屯”文化的形成、传承和变迁的历史轮廓。     

浅析全球化对我国大学生道德形成的影响

20世纪末,随着全球化进程的加快,人们的价值观念、思维方式和行为方式发生了剧烈变化,传统的道德规范受到强烈冲击。本文拟就此背景下,中国大学生道德所受到的来自各方面的影响,及重构大学生道德观念、规范的问题做一梳理。     

园本教研创新促进园本课程建设的实践探索——以泉州台商投资区湖东实验幼儿园为例

加强园本教研是创新驱动园本课程建设的有效路径和关键动力。以泉州台商投资区湖东实验幼儿园依托园本教研创新驱动慧美课程建设探索为例,阐释初步形成的教育行动策略：坚持立足园本教研,夯实园本课程根基;持续创新教研策略,提升园本课程品质。