媒介演化与社会性格的变迁——基于大卫·理斯曼社会性格理论的媒介学解释

媒介与社会性格形塑之间存在着密切的对应性关系,社会学家大卫·理斯曼在其著作《孤独的人群》中探讨了历史文化变迁中社会性格所存在的深刻复杂性,其中就已经涉及到了媒介变迁与社会性格转化之间的关系问题。本文尝试在理斯曼的研究基础上,结合新近发展出的媒介研究理论,将媒介技术特性与社会性格转化之间的关系加以主题化,使之成为一个具有相对独立性的学术问题,并试图对理斯曼提出的所谓“传统导向性格”、“他人导向性格”与“内在导向性格”等社会性格的媒介形塑原因作出解释。     

论食品安全事件中的良性媒体应对

食品安全事件是近年来全球公共安全问题中的热点,由于食品安全的重要性、食品安全事件的公众效应以及基于传媒的属性,媒体常将其作为关注的热点。媒体在食品安全事件中发挥着监测预警、沟通信息、舆论引导等功能,同时也存在关注视角的选择性和职业自律的松懈等不足。作为一种社会公共资源和社会监督力量,基于传媒良知和职业操守,媒体在食品安全事件中必须形成一套良性的应对机制,包括建立信息有效传播机制、建立食品安全事件相关方的沟通协调机制、建立媒体自律机制等。     

中国语境下主流媒体传播力评估模型及指标体系的构建

在对中国语境下主流媒体的内涵、主流媒体传播力解析的基础上,构建了一个主流媒体传播力的评估模型,并依据此模型,提出基于传播基础、传播能力、传播生态和媒介技术四个影响因素的主流媒体传播力的评估指标体系.     

新传媒语境下电视新闻节目的时空观

信息传播技术革命在社会的方方面面产生了深刻的影响,最为突出的表现就是公众时空观的变化,这构成了学术界和业界一直关注的新传媒生态的根本话题。以电视新闻节目为研究的具体对象,从新媒介语境下时空观的变化入手,并以电视新闻报道节目的实践为参考,从理论而后实践的维度系统地考察了新传媒语境下时空观对电视新闻节目产生的影响。     

新媒体对藏族民众文化生活的影响调查研究

研究以青海省城镇、农业地区和牧区的270名藏族民众为被试,通过对藏族地区新媒体普及情况、使用新媒体的能力以及藏族民众喜欢的媒体资源类别等方面进行调查,分析了中国移动和中国电信网络、智能手机、数字广播电视、计算机及其网络给藏族民众的生活带来的影响,并提出通过加大适合于藏族民众的媒体资源建设力度,转变思想,提高服务意识,建设一个方便访问和传播的藏语信息技术平台,发挥新媒体在基层党员干部培训中的作用,以村为单位实行数字广播电视的统一管理,尽早尽快做好光纤的村村通工作,进一步降低手机资费标准,减轻藏族民众的通信负担等改进策略。     

媒介发展背景下收视注意力变化及其对电视剧创作的影响

媒介发展为大众传播带来巨大变化,影响了收视方式,也影响了观众对电视剧的注意力投入。从传统媒体时代到移动互联网时代,观众的注意力呈现出与收视氛围、收视状态变化相对应的特征变化——投入程度变深,投入时间缩短。观众的注意力从更换率低的、长时间的、无互动性的内容转移到更换频繁的、短时间的、有互动性的、社交式的内容上。在此情境下,电视剧创作必然呈现符合观众与媒介间注意力法则的新趋势——内容长度缩短,情节强度增强,以及对互动性进行一系列探索。     

The Media Abuse of Children. Jake's Progress from Demonic Icon to Restored Childhood Innocent

While scholarly analysis of child protection and the media has grown substantially during the 1990s (Aldridge, 1994; Franklin and Parton, 1991; Kitzinger and Skidmore, 1995), studies have ignored a crucial dimension which forms the focus for discussion here. We wish to suggest that media reporting of children and child abuse may itself constitute an abusive activity. Media presentations of children and childhood, since press coverage of the Bulger case in 1993, have assumed a distinctive and sinister guise which, we argue, fundamentally revises the previously held perception of children and childhood. We suggest that this new understanding of childhood is damaging to children and, because of the impact of such media presentations on the public mood and policy climate, harms their interests. The discussion is in three parts. First, newspaper reporting of the Bulger case is analysed to reveal how coverage challenged the idea of childhood as a period of innocence and replaced it with a perception of childhood as essentially ‘evil’. Second, the characterization of Jake, the central figure in Alan Bleasdale's recent television dramaJake's Progress, is analysed to serve as an illustrative exemplar of this new construction of childhood. Finally, we consider the possible messages conveyed by such presentations to perpetrators and victims of abuse.     

新媒体流行文化中意识形态的隐性线路及问题检视

新媒体流行文化将受众建构成"媒介真实"里各种可能的关系主体与利益主体,影响其生活观念、身份认知、社会态度、实践行为、社群关系和共享信仰,带来受众意识形态认知被代理、社会共同体关系与意识形态实践秩序被解构、信仰取向异化、社会共同基础弱化等潜在问题与风险。以"良善意志"参照系建构、"实用美德"建设、"主体间关系"平衡等显性操作,强化新媒体文化中意识形态共识的认知理性、实践理性和价值理性,突破意识形态问题的惯常认知心理框架与隐性线路,妥善消解其潜在的矛盾与风险,亦可为新时代互联网意识形态问题的研究与治理提供一种新思维。     

全连接世界的融传播

智媒体技术为各种传播形态的信息提供了“全连接”的技术支撑,人类社会自此从有信息传播边界的传统媒体时代的人际传播、群体传播、组织传播的社会生活场域,进入到信息传播边界消逝后的全连接世界。在互联网场域,信息从人际传播到群体传播再到大众传播,为此从媒介环境学角度提出“融传播”概念,分析智能媒体时代熟人社交的失控,无边界控制的赛博空间对人的多元身份确认的困惑,智媒技术对人的“监控”等对人类社会生活产生的诸多影响,并反思拟真世界中的人际沟通。     

How publics react to situational and renewing organizational responses across crises: Examining SCCT and DOR in social-mediated crises

The prevalence of social media among networked publics calls for more research regarding how organizations can conduct effective crisis communication on social networking sites. Based on the situational crisis communication theory (SCCT) and the discourse of renewal (DOR) theory, this study examined how social media publics’ sentiments were affected by situational and renewing organizational responses in various clusters of crises. Twitter data of six crises representing three crisis clusters varying in the responsibility attribution (i.e., ambiguous, accidental, and preventable) were collected. We conducted a content analysis on organizations’ official tweets during crises (N = 59) and sentiment analysis on publics’ replies on Twitter (N = 4,340). The results showed that publics’ positive sentiments toward organizations were affected by organizational crisis responses that included instructing information, sympathy, systemic organizational learning, and effective organizational rhetoric. We recommend that crisis managers express sympathy toward publics as well as organizational learning that prevents a crisis from happening again.