嵌入式系统中Linux内核的实时化分析与实现

随着L inux的不断发展,L inux系统以其独到之处,在嵌入式设备领域中得到愈加广泛而深入的应用。L inux内核的实时化研究引起了人们的重视。本文首先分析了L inux内核特征,提出了L inux实时化存在的一些关键问题,进而结合当今应用比较成熟的嵌入式L inux系统,研究了L inux内核的实时化的典型实现方法,对应用L inux系统进行嵌入式系统研究和开发有一定的应用价值。     

制度与技术创新互动中观念及思维的先导作用--对杜威漩,张金艳研究的一个深化

通过对观念及思维方式创新、技术创新和市场制度创新之间的互动关系的研究,阐述了观念及思维方式创新在三者互动中的先导作用:理念、价值观念的变化导致多样化、多层次的市场需求变化,产生产品创新的需求,产品创新进一步诱致市场制度创新来适应理念、价值观念的变化;同时,以观念及思维方式创新为支撑的技术创新物化为产品创新与工艺、材料、管理的创新来满足多样化、多层次的市场需求变化。     

A comparison study of realtime fatality rates: severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong, Singapore, Taiwan, Toronto and Beijing, China

Summary.  In an outbreak of a completely new infectious disease like severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), estimation of the fatality rate over the course of the epidemic is of clinical and epidemiological importance. In contrast with the constant case fatality rate, a new measure, termed the 'realtime' fatality rate, is proposed for monitoring the new emerging epidemic at a population level. A competing risk model implemented via a counting process is used to estimate the realtime fatality rate in an epidemic of SARS. It can capture and reflect the time-varying nature of the fatality rate over the course of the outbreak in a timely and accurate manner. More importantly, it can provide information on the efficacy of a certain treatment and management policy for the disease. The method has been applied to the SARS data from the regions affected, namely Hong Kong, Singapore, Toronto, Taiwan and Beijing. The magnitudes and patterns of the estimated fatalities are virtually the same except in Beijing, which has a lower rate. It is speculated that the effect is linked to the different treatment protocols that were used. The standard estimate of the case fatality rate that was used by the World Health Organization has been shown to be unable to provide useful information to monitor the time-varying fatalities that are caused by the epidemic.     

爱因斯坦教育思想对高校教学改革的启示

爱因斯坦为物理学界做出了巨大的贡献,同时他的教育思想又是教育界的一朵奇葩,研究他科学的教育思想和思维方法,对现今人才培养和教学改革具有重要的现实意义和有益启迪。以他的思想为指导,科学教育的目标应该确立为培养“和谐发展的人”。     

Habitat equivalency in urban estuaries: An analytical hierarchy process for planning ecological restoration

Ecosystem restoration is critically important in urbanized landscapes because habitat degradation is severe and ubiquitous in such areas. Because successful restoration requires specification of desired environmental endpoints, a generally applicable method for valuing and comparing possible restoration endpoints is needed. One method available for comparative valuation is the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). AHP allows a suite of alternatives to be valued on a rank scale based on simple, tractable, paired comparisons among all alternatives. Given a sound technical foundation for the paired comparisons, the method yields an objective set of rank values. By incorporating the relative values of various restoration alternatives in a restoration scaling evaluation such as a Habitat Equivalency Analysis (HEA), restoration programs can be designed effectively both qualitatively (in terms of the kinds of resources or habitats desired) and quantitatively (in terms of the amounts or areas of each). In this study, we develop and apply AHP in the context of a specimen HEA for US Mid-Atlantic coast estuaries. By ranking various habitat types as potential restoration targets based on their value for a suite of key natural resources, a series of restoration ratios is produced, relating relative habitat areas of each type needed to offset specific impairment levels. These ratios provide a basic tool for restoration planning in urbanized estuaries, as these comprise nearly entirely built environments with little or no natural habitat. Under these conditions, restoration planners must specify desired states of the ecosystem, and the restoration ratios allow various permutations of presumed post-restoration environments to be valued and compared.     

Social inclusion in research: reflecting on a research project involving young mothers in care

This article considers social inclusion in research by reflecting upon a project involving young mothers in care, which used grounded theory methodology (GTM) to theorise their situations and emphasise their voice, a key issue in inclusion, and yielded mixed outcomes. GTM dealt poorly with inclusivity and was supplemented by a feminist orientation. This also failed young mothers. They were included by sitting on an Advisory Com-mittee, being paid an honorarium and assisting in disseminating results. These efforts were unable to overturn power dynamics that privileged researchers' ownership of the findings, and enabled them to benefit from doing research and their rela-tionship with funders. The attempt to change policies and practices that served clients badly was thwarted by an election that brought in a régime with different goals. The young women authored their own stories and spoke authoritatively of their experiences. However, inclusion was not fully secured in and by the research process. Their positioning as research subjects curtailed their potential in this regard.     

推翻表征思想 建立游牧思想——精神分裂症分析方法研究

德勒兹和加塔里精神分裂症分析理论与精神分析理论之间是一种在断裂的基础上发展的关系。聚焦于二者的指导思想和方法的差异,特别关照精神分裂症分析的独特思想和思维主张及其生成过程,可详细解读其游牧式或曰“根茎式”的新理念。     

海德格尔关于期备的经验

降临经验与海德格尔前期思想有着关联,但这两者不是同一的,因而就不能简单地提出它们能否恰当楔接的问题。朝向信仰的决心和对降临的期备只是有助于领悟有关生存状态实事的一种指引。生存分析的期备思想主要是着眼于生存状态并通过它的展开而隐蔽指向本有之思的,它还没有直接去思考存在本身。后期海德格尔则明确把期备看成是朝向本有之思的开端,是在思考本有时把本有先行收入眼帘的预备性步骤。它源始地归属于存在本身之无蔽。     

Testing Homogeneity in Gamma Mixture Models

This paper characterizes the asymptotic behaviour of the likelihood ratio test statistic (LRTS) for testing homogeneity (i.e. no mixture) against gamma mixture alternatives. Under the null hypothesis, the LRTS is shown to be asymptotically equivalent to the square of Davies's Gaussian process test statistic and diverges at a log n rate to infinity in probability. Based on the asymptotic analysis, we propose and demonstrate a computationally efficient method to simulate the null distributions of the LRTS for small to moderate sample sizes.     

关于构建学习型政府的思考

在当前经济全球化的大背景下,构建学习型政府是时代的要求,是塑造新型公务员的需要。打造全新的学习理念,树立牢固的创新意识,建立完善的工作机制,是构建学习型政府的重要途径。