Subjective Quality of Life in Zhuhai City,South China: A Public Survey Using the International Wellbeing Index

The study of subjective quality of life and its connotations in the People’s Republic of China is at a preliminary stage. Although there is an emerging body of literature on this topic, there are few datasets representative of the general public, particularly in Mainland China. This paper reports the findings of a public survey (N = 449) conducted in Zhuhai City, South China using the International Wellbeing Index (IWI). There were four main aims: (1) to judge whether residents were satisfied with their lives; (2) to compare the data with recent findings from Hong Kong and Macau; (3) to investigate the equivalence of the IWI in terms of its psychometric properties; and (4) to determine the applicability of the ‘Theory of Homeostasis Wellbeing’. The data indicated a moderate level of personal (PWI score = 64.4.) and national (NWI score = 57.4) wellbeing, consistent with recent findings from Hong Kong and Macau. The PWI score was within the normative range for non-Western countries, which indicates that the residents were, on the whole, satisfied with their lives. Although previously reported objective measures of quality of life in Zhuhai are lower than in Hong Kong and Macau, this is not reflected in this study’s subjective measures. This finding was interpreted in terms of the ‘Theory of Subjective Wellbeing Homeostasis’, and the specific situation in Zhuhai, as there seems to be an absence of factors (i.e., no harsh economic or social situation) which could drive subjective wellbeing below normal. Last, that the IWI demonstrated good psychometric performance in terms of its reliability, validity, and sensitivity, and concurred with previous published reports, it seems that the scale’s robustness generalises to Chinese samples.     

The Performance of the World Health Organization’s WHOQOL-BREF in Assessing the Quality of Life of Thai College Students

The purpose of this study was to examine the performance of the Thai-version of WHOQOL-BREF in assessing the quality of life (QoL) among Thai college students. The psychometric properties of WHOQOL-BREF were assessed in this study. The self-administered WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire was applied. A total of 407 Thai college students (male age = 20.5 ± 1.2; female age = 20.5 ± 1.2) participated in this study. Item-response distributions, internal consistency reliability, discriminant validity, criterion-related validity and construct validity through confirmatory analysis were analyzed. The findings indicate that the WHOQOL-BREF had acceptable internal consistency (α = 0.73–0.83 across four domains), all items highly correlated with corresponding domain scores (r = 0.53–0.80), the indices of a two-order confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) demonstrate that the data fit the model well with allowing covary of error variances of some items, all items had good property of criterion-related validity and item discrimination and, all three domain scores except the social relationship domain had significant associations with overall QoL or general health. The results suggest that the WHOQOL-BREF was reliable and valid to health professionals in the assessment of the QoL of college-based Thai youth, but some unsuitable items may be deleted in future studies.     

Parallels Between Objective Indicators and Subjective Perceptions of Quality of Life: A Study of Metropolitan and County Areas in Taiwan

This study explores the consistency between objective indicators and subjective perceptions of quality of life in a ranking of survey data for cities and counties in Taiwan. Data used for analysis included the Statistical Yearbook of Hsiens and Municipalities and the Survey on Living Conditions of Citizens in Taiwan, both given for the year 2000. The Quality of life was examined in seven domains: medical services, domestic finances, work, education, leisure, public safety, and environmental quality. Subjective and objective rankings for each domain of quality of life for 23 areas (some areas are cities and some are counties) are compared. Analysis by means of nonparametric correlation coefficients indicates that there is no significant correlation between objective indicators and subjective perceptions, except in Education and Environmental Quality. Objective indicators of Environmental Quality (air pollution and garbage) are positively correlated with subjective satisfaction with residential environment. But inexplicably, higher levels of literacy and educational achievement are negatively correlated with satisfaction with the educational system. It may be considered that disparity in either average objective conditions or in average subjective perceptions may not adequately depict quality of life differences.

民俗志的学术定位和书写

本文对近年来民俗志书写理论和实践上的一些新探索作了初步梳理,指出了"标志性文化统领式民俗志"对于创新民俗志书写模式、增强民俗志书写主位视角和对话功能的意义以及"感受之学"在探寻民俗志独特学科品格上做出的探索和努力.     

我国流动人口的流入地分布变动趋势研究

利用1982年以来的历次全国人口普查和1%人口抽样调查的数据,本文从区域、省份、城市等层面分析了流动人口流入地分布的变动趋势。流动人口的流入地分布呈现明显的集中趋势。从区域层面来说,流动人口越来越向东部地区集中,越来越向东部和南部沿海地区集中;从省级层面来说,流动人口越来越集中流向少数省份,前5个流动人口最多的省(市、区)吸纳了全国一半的流动人口;从城市层面来说,流动人口越来越集中流向少数城市,表现出突出的极化现象;进入新世纪以来,我国正在形成一个由35个左右城市构成的沿海城市带,它们吸收了全国半数以上的流动人口。流动人口流入地分布的这种集中趋势将会继续保持下去,此乃制定与流动人口相关政策和制度的基本出发点和前提。     

中国各民族人口发展状况的度量

人口是社会生活的主体,人口发展是社会发展的重要组成部分。但度量社会发展的方法还存在一些难以解决的问题。利用现有的评价方法,尚不能全面准确地反映中国各民族人口发展的现状。为了更加全面准确地把握人口发展状态,构建了衡量人口发展的指标体系,按照这个指标体系,分析中国各民族人口的发展现状、各民族在发展过程中所处的位置,以及他们目前存在的突出问题。     

贵州乡村旅游文化资源与乡村人口传统文化素质探析

本文从人口学、社会学及民族学等学科视角,以学界鲜有涉足的“人口传统文化素质”作为切入点。探究贵州乡村旅游与乡村人口传统文化素质的互动关系．以及如何通过提高乡村人口传统文化素质来促进贵州乡村文化旅游资源的开发。以期为贵州旅游事业与乡村人口的全面发展提供有益思路。     

城市居家老年人主观生活质量评价及其影响因素研究

本文根据城市居家老人生活质量评价的若干指标,对上海城市居家老人分事件类别的主观满意度及其整体生活状况的满意度进行了实证分析．并运用Logistic回归分析研究城市居家老人各生活质量因素对整体生活主观满意度的影响。研究发现影响整体生活满意度评价的因素是多方面的,有经济状况因素、身体健康因素、心理健康因素、社会支持因素、婚姻状况、参与老年活动因素。     

基于Logit模型的区域集镇系统需求分析及规模确定研究

集镇迁建并非简单的将集镇按照原规模从一个地方搬到另一个地方,集镇迁建规模的大小．应该根据迁入区的实际需求（需求规模）来确定,需求的大小主要取决于村民对集镇的选择行为,即越多的人选择到某个集镇进行活动,该集镇的需求规模越大,反之越小。影响集镇需求的因素很多,包括交通时间、交通费用、集镇服务种类、服务质量等,本文将其概括为广义费用和集镇效用（服务能力）,建立反映村民选择行为的Logit模型分析集镇需求情况,并将其应用于区域集镇系统布局优化中,以我国西部某地为例进行实证分析,反映搬迁前后一定区域内各榘镇需求规模的变化,同时计算出新集镇的需求规模,为集镇迁建规模的确定及其布局优化提供科学的参考。     

甘肃省人口压力评估指标及定量评估研究

在对传统人口压力评价指标体系评述的基础上,将无形资源纳入人口压力评价指标体系,根据2006年甘肃省统计资料。对全省81个县级行政区划单位的人口压力进行赋值与量化。结果表明甘肃省人口压力量化值呈正态分布．有形资源与无形资源都丰富的地区人口压力较小,人口压力与社会经济发展水平密切相关。实现甘肃社会经济的可持续发展．必须注重人口压力区域差异的合理调控。