企业的自制-外购决策:一个几何模型

能够影响企业的生产成本、组织成本、交易成本和中间品购买价格的一切因素,都可能对企业的自制-外购决策产生重要影响。因此,为强调某因素而把其它因素看成可忽略因素的一切已有的理论,都是难免被证伪的。在述评已有的几种主要理论的基础上,发展了一个几何模型去说明各种因素对企业自制-外购决策的影响,并讨论了其理论意义和应用前景。     

社会主义和谐社会的民主精神

民主是和谐社会的首要和基本的特征。它是依据民主精神建立起来的政治规则体系,当今社会主义和谐社会的民主就是对主人翁精神、自治精神、宽容精神的价值追求。     

控制系统设计中的满意优化原理

从矛盾指标问题的求解出发，提出了满意解的折衷优化原理。通过分析指标间的速度型矛盾度和速度型接近度来确定各指标的折衷权值，并将求得的折衷权值代入总体满意度函数进行满意优化设计。以二阶欠阻尼控制系统的设计为例，优化出系统的最佳阻尼比。     

西安历史文化的特质

西安历史文化,具有与生俱来的文明首创精神、智慧深邃的长治久安之计及不断发展的开放包容气度。要把西安建设成为彰显华夏文明的历史文化基地,既要充分挖掘历史文化的有形遗产,又要着力透过有形遗产去揭示历史文化的精神内涵,使两者相得益彰。     

不可量物民事侵权救济制度比较研究

不可量物侵权与环境污染及其他民事侵权有显著区别。德国、法国、英美分别对不可量物民事侵权救济制度作了规定。与之相比，我国《物权法》第90条对相邻不可量物关系的规定存在如下缺陷：对不可量物民事侵权构成要件的规定不合理，对不可量物侵害与环境污染没有作出妥善区分，法律救济机制僵硬。针对我国在不可量物侵权方面规制的不足，取各国立法和判例之长，提出完善我国不可量物民事侵权救济制度的建议。     

Inferences on the difference between future observations for comparing two treatments

The comparison of two treatments with normally distributed data is considered. Inferences are considered based upon the difference between single potential future observations from each of the two treatments, which provides a useful and easily interpretable assessment of the difference between the two treatments. These methodologies combine information from a standard confidence interval analysis of the difference between the two treatment means, with information available from standard prediction intervals of future observations. Win-probabilities, which are the probabilities that a future observation from one treatment will be superior to a future observation from the other treatment, are a special case of these methodologies. The theoretical derivation of these methodologies is based upon inferences about the non-centrality parameter of a non-central t-distribution. Equal and unequal variance situations are addressed, and extensions to groups of future observations from the two treatments are also considered. Some examples and discussions of the methodologies are presented.     

Computing factors for exact two-sided tolerance limits for a normal distribution

A self-contained FORTRAN subroutine is provided which computes factors for Wald-Wolfowitz type tolerance limits allowing arbitrary combinations of sample size n and degrees of freedom ν. The exact calculations from our program reveal inadequacies of two existing approximations, especially when ν ? n. Numerous applications where ν ≠ n ? 1 are cited; two of these are discussed and illustrated.     

歧义容忍度图式理论与大学英语阅读教学

图式理论是英语阅读理论中非常重要的理论,它一直受到英语阅读领域的关注。正确认识并应用图式理论,有利于英语阅读。而歧义容忍程度会影响到阅读图式的形成。在英语阅读教学中,指导学生正确对待学习中的新的语言现象或模糊现象,提高对歧义的容忍程度并形成正确的图式能够促进英语阅读能力的快速提高。     

多密钥KDC的安全容错性及其性能分析

通过改变对称密钥体系中用户与密钥分发中心(KDC)之间密钥的组织形式,采用在用户和各个KDC元之间设置不同的密钥加密密钥,以及在一次数据通信前运用多个不同的密钥加密密钥来申请数据密钥的不同部分,然后再拼接成完整的数据密钥,运用该方法来提高整个系统的安全容错性,降低密钥泄露造成的危害,并对其进行安全性能分析。分析结果表明,该文提出的方法增强了整个系统的安全性。     

βExpectation and β-content tolerance intervals for dependent observations

Methods of constructing exact tolerance intervals (β-expectation and β-content) for independent observations are well known. For the case of dependent observations, obtaining exact results is not possible. In this article we provide an approximate method of constructing β-expectation tolerance intervals via a Taylor series expansion. Examples of independent observations are considered to compare the intervals constructed with those obtained by the exact method. For the case of non-stationary type processes we have proposed a method of constructing approximate β-content tolerance intervals. Once again an example is given to illustrate the results.