人类学视野--论旅游的本质及其社会文化影响

以人类学的认知框架为基础,提出了旅游的仪式本质,并对其表达性和建构性的双重内涵进行了深入阐释,同时,从文化变迁、社会分层、身份认同、角色再造和城市化发展等方面对旅游的社会文化影响进行了简要分析.     

A Research on Tourism Development Level Measurement and Innovation Integration Development in Bay Area of Hangzhou Bay

As a national strategic pillar industry of tourism, it is very important to explore the innovation and integration of tourism industry in Bay area of Hangzhou Bay. Based on the economic data of seven cities in Bay area of Hangzhou Bay from 2003 to 2016, this paper establishes an index system for evaluating the competitiveness of tourism industry, uses the method of information entropy weight to determine the index weight, and uses the method of standard deviation and coefficient of variation to measure the development level of tourism industry in Bay area comprehensively. The results show that:(1) The competitiveness of tourism industry in Bay area has risen slightly over the past 14 years, and the ranking of competitiveness of cities has shown a stable trend, and the trend of integration is obvious. (2) The advantages of human tourism resources in Bay area urban agglomeration are obvious. It is necessary to reorganize, complement, innovate and integrate the tourism resources of each city in the region, and take “culture + science and technology” as the driving force to promote the transformation, upgrading, innovation and development of tourism products.(3) The tourism industry in Bay area should take resource endowment as its core competitiveness, strengthen the construction of ecological environment in the whole region, seek the upgrading and expansion mode of “pan-text tourism industry” with the help of information technology and regional excellent traffic conditions, economic basis and innovation ability, and realize the leap of “quality” of the competitiveness of tourism industry in Bay area.     

区域旅游业碳排放的时空差异——以山东省为例

碳排放问题是区域旅游业发展不可忽视的环境问题之一。根据相关统计数据,按照"自下而上"分析法对2000-2015年山东省旅游业碳排放进行定量估算,并采用系统聚类法将山东省旅游业碳排放划分为高、中、低三类碳排放区域,具体剖析山东省旅游业碳排放的区域差异。结果表明:（1）碳排放总量、游客人均碳排放量和碳排放强度是衡量区域旅游业碳排放的重要指标。2000-2015年山东省旅游业碳排放总量持续增长,而游客人均碳排放量和旅游业碳排放强度则逐年下降,旅游业节能减排取得一定成效。（2）区域旅游业三大部门碳排放存在明显差异,旅游交通是区域旅游业碳排放的主要来源,旅游活动碳排放增长速度最快,而旅游住宿碳排放波动性较大。2000-2015年山东省旅游业累积碳排放总量为4 764.05万吨,其中,旅游交通、旅游住宿、旅游活动三大部门占比分别为66.52%、25.80%、7.68%。（3）区域旅游业碳排放水平空间差异显著。从空间分布上看,山东省旅游业碳排放总体上呈现东高西低、北高南低的特征,旅游业碳排放总量呈现出东部沿海 > 鲁中地区 > 鲁西地区,游客人均碳排放量和旅游业碳排放强度则是东部沿海 > 鲁西地区 > 鲁中地区;从碳排放指标上看,山东省大多数地市位于中高旅游业碳排放的行列,东部沿海是旅游业碳排放的主要来源区。     

供应链核心企业最优采购计划的编排策略

企业作业计划是供应链核心企业在短时期内组织生产和经营活动的依据。供应链核心企业最优采购计划的编排策略,即以企业作业计划体系为依据,根据核心企业的不同作业特点概括出企业最优作业计划的编排方法,并利用传统的甘特图保证其协同执行.这种编排策略易于动态规划求解,便于计算机模拟和实现。     

城市生态景观的地方性研究

在“人人共有的城市”年代,城市生态景观不仅作为一种生活环境,也展示出特殊旅游资源吸引着游客。城市生态景观的地方性对于游者有着强烈的吸引力。其表现要点主要有自然环境的利用、城市建筑设计、历史文化保护、标志物与特色空间建设以及城市文化建设等五个方面。     

邓小平旅游经济思想与新农村旅游发展

建设"社会主义新农村"是在新的历史背景中、在全新理念指导下的一次农村综合变革的新起点,是在统筹兼顾、科学发展的基础上解决农村、农业、农民问题。邓小平旅游经济思想涉及旅游发展的若干方面,为我国在新的历史时期建设社会主义新农村、发展农业旅游和乡村旅游指明了方向。发展农业旅游不仅"大有文章可做",而且将发挥出特殊作用。     

镇江市旅游资源评价与开发策略

旅游资源评价是在旅游资源调查的基础上进行的深层次的研究工作,是旅游资源开发利用的前提和基础.镇江市旅游资源丰富、品位较高、特色较突出、加之其得天独厚的区位优势和便捷的交通条件,因而具有广阔的开发前景;但旅游资源开发中也存在旅游资源区位不佳、旅游资源开发不合理、开发条件较差等问题.镇江旅游资源开发应采取政府主导发展策略、新产品策略、景点组合策略、城市旅游功能完善化策略、区域旅游合作策略、特色旅游商品策略、多渠道投资策略等,以期更好地发展镇江旅游业.     

旅游环境中民族文化的生态适应性变化研究——以张家界郝坪、包谷山土家族为例

旅游开发作为民族地区政府主导的经济行为,它所造成的社会影响与移民、传媒、族际交流等因素有着本质区别。本文选取了分别处于旅游影响辐射地带和核心区的两个村庄,采用实证研究法,以风俗礼仪、工艺传承、宗教节庆为测量指标,观测旅游环境中民族文化的变化特征,发现民族文化持有者群体在不同程度表现出实践行为和精神认同的分裂,在旅游业起步、发展阶段的背弃和成熟阶段的回归,集中体现了民族旅游区的文化嬗变是一个通过文化元素的生态制衡和文化主体的自觉选择,最终达成生态适应的过程。     

A mathematical model and genetic algorithm-based approach for parallel two-sided assembly line balancing problem

Assembly lines are usually constructed as the last stage of the entire production system and efficiency of an assembly line is one of the most important factors which affect the performance of a complex production system. The main purpose of this paper is to mathematically formulate and to provide an insight for modelling the parallel two-sided assembly line balancing problem, where two or more two-sided assembly lines are constructed in parallel to each other. We also propose a new genetic algorithm (GA)-based approach in alternatively to the existing only solution approach in the literature, which is a tabu search algorithm. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first formal presentation of the problem as well as the proposed algorithm is the first attempt to solve the problem with a GA-based approach in the literature. The proposed approach is illustrated with an example to explain the procedures of the algorithm. Test problems are solved and promising results are obtained. Statistical tests are designed to analyse the advantage of line parallelisation in two-sided assembly lines through obtained test results. The response of the overall system to the changes in the cycle times of the parallel lines is also analysed through test problems for the first time in the literature.