辩证地看待患者的知情同意权

知情同意权是患者的一种法定权利,包括知情权与同意权。根据马克思“没有无义务的权利,也没有无权利的义务”的思想,患者的这一权利既伴随着医方的义务,也伴随着患者自身一定的义务,因而该权利的真正实现需要医患双方辩证地理解权利与义务的关系,并积极地履行各自的相关义务,当然主要依赖于医方义务的积极履行。     

高等医学院校附属医院教学管理工作的探讨

附属医院承担着医学院校后期临床教学的重要任务,是高等医学教育整体进程中的重要环节。医院在教学管理工作中,应积极探索与思考,加强规范管理,扎实推进师资队伍建设,强化学生的临床思维,开展教学改革研究,以切实提升全员教学水平和医学人才培养质量。     

乡镇企业吸纳农村劳动力就业力度下降的原因分析——基于面板数据的实证研究

促进农村劳动力的就地转移就业是新型城镇化建设的重中之重,能够吸纳农村劳动力就地转移就业的主要载体就是乡镇企业。但是,当前一个不争的事实就是乡镇企业对农村劳动力的吸纳力度不断下降。主要原因有:乡镇企业资本对劳动力的替代并不是很强,乡镇企业没有足够的增长来吸纳劳动力,大多数省份的乡镇企业技术进步偏向仍然是劳动偏向型。国家应继续保持甚至加强对劳动密集型乡镇企业的政策扶持以及创造条件形成乡镇企业的规模经济和集聚效应,从而吸纳更多的农村劳动力通过进入乡镇企业实现就地转移就业。     

患者体验:公立医院改革绩效评价的重要依据

文章对我国公立医院改革评价的重点进行了探讨,论述了以患者体验作为评价公立医院改革绩效标准的必要性和意义,并在分析、借鉴国际医院评估经验的基础上,对我国公立医院改革效果评估提出了相应建议,包括要建立正确的价值取向,完善公立医院补偿机制,以保护和增进患者健康为目标,建立以结果为导向的公立医院改革绩效评价体系。     

公立医院高层次人才柔性管理实践与思考

柔性管理作为人力资源管理的一种重要方式,不仅可以促进公立医院高层次人才科学、有序发展,而且更有利于培养高层次人才的归属感,促进医院的长远发展。文章阐述了中国公立医院人力资源管理中高层次人才的重要地位,分析了公立医院高层次人才的内涵和特点,运用柔性管理理念、结合医院管理实践对高层次人才的引进、培养和使用等方面进行了一定的探索,对公立医院高层次人才柔性管理模式进行科学定位,并提出了一系列公立医院高层次人才实施柔性化管理的策略和建议。     

Go to the Hospital or Stay at Home? A Qualitative Study of Expected Hospital Decision Making Among Older African Americans With Advanced Heart Failure

To address the need for more information concerning hospital decision making, we conducted in-depth interviews among African Americans with heart failure and their family caregivers (n?=?11 dyads). Using a case scenario, we asked participants about their anticipated hospitalization decisions. Most patients indicated that they would seek care to avoid further deterioration or death from their worsening condition. Many family caregivers anticipated having an active influence on hospitalization decisions. Findings suggest that social workers should encourage the development of adequate home-based services, recognize diverse communication styles, and use this information to facilitate medical decision making by these patients and their caregivers.     

基于等级差异的公立医院效率及其影响因素分析

使用2010年江苏省261家公立医院的数据,对不同等级的公立医院效率及其影响因素进行比较与分析.基于随机前沿方法,利用柯布—道格拉斯生产函数和成本函数分别计算了江苏省不同等级不同类别公立医院的技术效率与成本效率.在此基础上,使用Tobit回归方法分析影响医院效率的因素,回归结果显示,不同级别公立医院效率影响因素差异较大,一级和三级公立医院可以通过降低人均门诊费用、增加人均住院费用的方式提高效率,而二级公立医院主要通过增加职业医师比例来提高效率.     

Hygiene, Medicine, and Modernity in Korea, 1876–1910

Modernity in relation to medicine and the body is central to discussions on modernity in Korea. I have chosen to write this paper I have already penned several writings that are related to the topic: modern hygiene, cleanliness, medical service, and medicine. First topic is about the contrast between premodernity and modernity by comparing the prevalence of cholera in the early nineteenth and the early twentieth century. I discussed the new Western hygiene to control cholera decisively contributing to the destruction of the Confucian worldview and the generation of a new colonial modern order as well as preventing an epidemic, cholera. Second topic is about the dichotomy between cleanliness—cultured and uncleanliness—barbarity. Because it was related to the five senses, the discourse of uncleanliness and cleanliness could bring about an immediate effect, which made it the most elementary and primary discourse of modernity in Korea. Third topic is about premodern bodies in topknots and modern bodies in short hair. From among the incidents and topics that I studied then, the most impressive and extreme case regarding the relationship between the body and hygiene was that of the Cut Topknot Act (斷髮令). According to this decree, there were two main reasons for cutting off topknots: hygiene and convenience. Underlying them is the idea that long hair harms political reform and national enrichment. Indeed, this legislation had served as the battleground for a fierce war between modern standards and premodern traditions. Fourth topic is about the modernizing phase of health care system in Korea between 1876 and 1910. The health care system in Korea underwent tremendous changes from 1876 to 1910. In this process, the recently imported Western practices gradually came to occupy the center and existing practices were delegated to the periphery. Final topic is about the sanitation movement that believers of Ch’ ǒntokyo initiated around the twentieth century. This voluntary movement was greatly different from the two external and forced modernizations by Japanese imperialism and Western missionaries.

乡镇企业对小城镇建设的影响——以河北廊坊大城为例

"三农"问题一直是各级政府及科研工作者专注的论题,为此对河北省廊坊市大城县11个乡镇进行调查研究,提出了一些小城镇建设的对策,分析研究结果得出:一、大城县乡镇企业发展迅速,城镇化程度高,居民收入增长速度快,人均收入与农村城镇化率呈极显著的相关性;二、发展建设小城镇,是缩小城乡差距,实现城乡统筹发展的一条有效途径.     

从产权理论看我国医院的产权归属和经营目的

针对目前我国医院产权归属和经营目较为模糊的现实情况,本文以新制度经济学中产权理论为依据,首先分析了目前医院产权和经营目的的现状,在此基础上进一步对比分析了不同医院经营目的的优劣,通过上述分析得出院医院经营目的的多元化是保障医疗服务高质量和高效率的最佳途径,医院产权归属多元化是经营目的多元化的必然结果,并结合我国现实情况对如何实现上述变革提出具体的建议。