汇率变动对日本贸易收支影响的实证研究

通过汇率变动对日本贸易收支影响的协整分析,发现实际有效汇率升值会引起日本的贸易顺差减少,但是汇率升值对日本贸易收支的影响不是十分显著,贸易收支的变动还要受到其他各种因素的制约。     

Female Sex Trade Workers,Condoms, and the Public-Private Divide

Abstract

This qualitative study explored the ways in which social relations within the public (work) as opposed to the private (home) contexts shape variable condom use among female sex trade workers. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 68 female sex workers working in various settings in an urban center in Eastern Canada. The findings suggest that work-related social relations, and the meanings associated with condoms at work, create a strong confidence in condom use. Within the private setting, such confidence was also evident but most women reported either not using condoms or only using “sometimes.” Nevertheless, many women do engage in risk management within the private setting, and take active steps to decrease their risks of Human Immunodeficiency Syndrome (HIV)/Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs).     

International Trade and the Urbanization of Developing Countries: Evidence from Asia

Abstract

A grain surplus and the grain trade are closely related to the urbanization of developing countries. However, existing literature has not given adequate attention to this issue. Our paper develops a theoretical model to explain the mechanisms whereby changes in the grain surplus constrain the level of urbanization in a closed economy context and the grain trade affects the level of urbanization by acting on the grain surplus in an open economy context. A test of the theoretical model applied to some developing countries in Asia during the period 1993-2010 shows that international trade is generally negatively correlated with level of urbanization. However, cereal and non-cereal trade vary in terms of their relation to urbanization: whereas the former is positively correlated with level of urbanization, the latter is negatively correlated with it. Since the net import of cereals relaxes the constraint imposed on the level of urbanization by the domestic grain surplus, it can have a marked positive effect on the course of urbanization. Our research findings show that provided grain production or grain security is guaranteed, developing countries may adopt a policy of importing an appropriate amount of grain to increase their level of urbanization.     

试论近代宁夏的羊皮毛贸易

近代宁夏羊皮毛贸易兴旺,且独具特色。其发展大致历经民间生活所需的物物交换,洋行垄断贸易,到地方商栈掌控,最后发展到官商联盟的购销与加工、地方政府倡办的购产销一体化等几个发展阶段。外商洋行在宁夏,恣意掠夺当地羊皮毛工业原料,在一定程度上促发了宁夏近代工商业的萌芽,有利于汉、回、蒙古等族的相互交往和了解。     

论工会组织监督权力的法律依据和现实需要

工会组织自她诞生之日起,即为劳动者的代表。作为中国教育工会,无疑她是在中国共产党领导下,代表高等学校广大教职员工利益的群众组织,党和国家以法律的形式,赋予了她维护职工利益的合法性。当前高等学校的各项改革不断深化,如何增强她的监督职能,有效维护群众利益,既要合法化,又要切合实际,即是本文的立意所在。     

论商业秘密的范围和构成条件

随着社会经济的发展 ,需要加强对商业秘密的法律保护 ,而准确把握商业秘密的范围和构成条件是维护商业秘密权的前提。因此 ,对商业秘密的范围和构成条件的研究是理论界的当务之急     

关贸总协定与科研成果管理

介绍了关贸总协定及其与知识产权之间的关系,讨论了现行知识产权管理制度中的弊端,提出了加强管理模式的几条措施,     

墨西哥对外贸易政策改革的政治经济分析

在债务危机的冲击下,墨西哥开始了贸易自由化改革,改革的初始条件建立在国内多阶层合作的政治支持、国际制度框架下外在力量的劝诱与约束以及技术专家执政的引导等基础上。入关与加入北美自由贸易协定是贸易自由化进程的两个阶段性标志:前者以关税改革为主要内容,后者集中体现为法律制度的变革和重构,在深度和广度上后者都远远超过了前者。现阶段,贸易自由化产生的"双刃剑"效应已成为影响墨西哥改革前景的内生变量,其前途依然复杂而不确定。     

WTO体制下我国行业协会发展的应对性研究

行业协会作为市场经济的重要组成部分,是“小政府、大社会”的中坚力量。加入WTO,既给我国行业协会的发展带来了机遇,也带来了挑战。在这种形势下,如何改革和发展我国的行业协会,使其在弥补政府职能转变所带来的管理真空、保护国内产业、增强我国产业的国际竞争力等方面充分发挥作用,已是当前迫切需要解决的课题。     

福康安整顿广西中越边贸述论

在清代,福康安不仅是一位著名的战将,而且还是一位极具政治才能的历史人物.乾隆五十四年,福康安任两广总督,筹办安南事宜,福康安拟定了"广西中越边贸管理十六条".此条例继承了清政府此前管理广西中越边贸的合理成分,并在广泛调查研究的基础上,制定了合乎时宜的新办法,可谓详细周密.它使清代广西中越边贸的管理措施更加完善,把清代广西中越边贸管理的水平推向了一个新的阶段.