接受美学视角下文学文本的翻译理解

接受美学理论认为,文本只是作家完成的一堆印刷符号,存在着许多不确定因素和空白,只有经过读者的阅读才能将其具体化,实现作品的意义。从翻译角度来看,译者首先是原文文本的读者,译者的阅读是翻译理解过程的一个重要组成部分。文学文本因其偏重诗学编码,语义模糊,信息不确定,在翻译过程中要采用不同于非文学文本的理解方法,应该遵循从部分到整体循环往复的原则,还要兼顾共通性与多义性的原则。     

南朝编年史述略

南朝时期是整个编年史发展进程中一个不可或缺的历史阶段。其时编年史作风起云涌,编年史体不断完善,编年史家的史学思想在承继前人基础上更趋丰富。诸如此者,不仅进一步巩固了编年与纪传二体角力争先、并行于世的格局,而且对后世史学的发展产生了深远的影响。     

艺术美的整体考察——张涵文艺美学研究述评

艺术作为人类的精神产品,具有思想性、认识性、典型性和形象性、主观性和情感性,但只有审美属性才是它的本质属性。艺术的审美本质不是单一地体现在艺术创作、艺术作品(文本)、艺术鉴赏的某一个环节,而是流动地体现在三者之间的有机联系之中。     

Perceptions of participants and staff of implementing a physical activity program in rural primary care

Addressing the lack of physical activity (PA) in rural adults is vital because of the role it plays in the risk for many chronic diseases. The purpose of the study was to explore the feasibility of conducting a 12-week intervention utilizing a Fitbit to increase PA behavior in inactive rural adults recruited from a primary care clinic. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with study participants (n=10) and a focus group was held with nurses (n=7) from the primary care clinic. Data were analyzed using the process of immersion/crystallization. Participants and nurses both felt the program had a positive impact on PA and that the program was needed in the community. Study participants most often reported their favorite part of the study was being able to track their activity as well as the goal setting. However, study participants reported barriers to continued participation in PA related to a lack of time and ability to be active in cold weather. Further, nursing staff reported barriers in regard to a lack of resources (staffing and money) These barriers need to be examined further and addressed in order to implement a sustainable PA program that can be maintained through a primary care clinic.     

Toyota in the 21st century in Asian countries: Information exchange system and best mix

This article explains the general nature of the business style of Toyota management strategy, its specific performance, and its development in China. It is quite difficult to find specific revolutionary policies and unusual strategies for the success of the Toyota Motor Corporation.     

基于时差分析的资源均衡问题探究

本文在已有时差概念分析的基础上,提出了三个新时差概念,给出了同一工序不同时差关系,提出了标值算法,算出了不同工序时差传递量。对资源均衡优化问题的初始方案进行研究,给出了随机时标网络图的绘制方式,使网络技术的应用更具灵活性和实用性。在时差传递性的基础上,进一步对有资源限制的资源均衡优化方案进行研究,提出了基于赋值算法的优化调整方式,最后通过算例对该调整方式进行了验证。     

A visual planning solution to streamline the processes of hybrid cross-dockings

Cross-docking is a logistic strategy widely adopted both in manufacturing and distribution contexts. Despite the huge number of researches on this topic, most of them remain rather theoretical as they do not pay enough attention to operational aspects and daily functioning patterns of cross-dockings. This article aims at introducing a new focus for cross-docking research by proposing a visual planning solution to manage daily operation of a manufacturing cross-docking. By avoiding complex optimization algorithms and by adopting concepts belonging to the lean management theory, the article shows the potential of visual planning techniques to improve performance of cross-dockings. Starting from a specific industrial context, the shipping warehouse of an Italian company of the oil andand gas sector, a visual management methodology has been proposed to support the operation of cross-dockings. Although developed in a particular context, the proposed methodology and its underlying principles are to be considered general and potentially applicable to a wide range of cross-dockings. The methodology fully exploits an analytical tool, namely, the Safety Margin coefficientthat could be used for capacity planning purposes and to evaluate quantitatively the system performance at a given time instant.     

Let's Call it Quits: Break‐Even Effects in the Decision to Stop Taking Risks

“Chasing” behavior, whereby individuals, driven by a desire to break even, continue a risky activity (RA) despite incurring large losses, is a commonly observed phenomenon. We examine whether the desire to break even plays a wider role in decisions to stop engaging in financially motivated RA in a naturalistic setting. We test hypotheses, motivated by this research question, using a large data set: 707,152 transactions of 5,379 individual financial market spread traders between September 2004 and April 2013. The results indicate strong effects of changes in wealth around the break‐even point on the decision to cease an RA. An important mediating factor was the individual's historical long‐term performance. Those with a more profitable trading history were less affected by a fall in cash balance below the break‐even point compared to those who had been less profitable. We observe that break‐even points play an important role in the decision of nonpathological risk takers to stop RAs. It is possible, therefore, that these nonpathological cognitive processes, when occurring in extrema, may result in pathological gambling behavior such as “chasing.” Our data set focuses on RAs in financial markets and, consequently, we discuss the implications for institutions and regulators in the effective management of risk taking in markets. We also suggest that there may be a need to consider carefully the nature and role of “break‐even points” associated with a broader range of nonfinancially‐focused risk‐taking activities, such as smoking and substance abuse.     

基于活动敏感性的动态缓冲监控方法研究

缓冲监控问题对于企业成功应用关键性项目管理,提高项目进度管理绩效和确保项目按时完工,都至关重要。本文针对现有缓冲监控方法在项目进度监控中所存在的忽视内部情况的问题,引入项目进度风险分析方法中的活动敏感性信息。研究了动态环境下活动敏感性指标的计算和监控阀值的设定,在缓冲的黄区监控中集成了考虑活动敏感信息的动态监控过程。在综合考虑缓冲指标和活动关联度指标的监控指标体系,综合设置各指标的监控阀值的基础上,提出了基于活动敏感性信息的关键链动态缓冲监控方法。最后通过一个算例将所提方法与现有方法进行比较,实验结果表明,合理设置活动关联度的监控阀值后,所提方法在总赶工时间、总赶工活动数、超计划完工次数以及监控负荷这四个绩效方面的结果更优。     

作业成本动因选择、合并与评价的系统方法构建

目前学术界关于作业成本动因选择与合并的研究,缺乏对动因留选与留选个数的探讨,而关于对成本动因选择合并的评价的研究未见。可以通过聚类分析建立模型,得到成本动因的相关类,再结合主成分分析指导留选动因的个数,最终确定留选动因,并首次建立评价动因选择与合并优劣性的主成分分析模型。实证分析表明,此系统方法更好地解决了成本动因选择与合并的问题,相同数据下该方法比矩阵理论与距离聚类分析结果更优,作业成本管理系统的复杂性与信息成本显著降低。本文为作业成本动因的选择与合并以及评价提供了一套系统方法。