Counseling for the Family: The Neglected Aspect of Addiction Treatment in Canada

ABSTRACT

There has been a historic neglect of both research and practice in the area of counselling for the family members of alcohol or other drug abusers by the addiction field in Canada. As a result, treatment for individual family members affected by alcoholism and other drug addiction remains a neglected component of the majority of Canadian addiction programs. When family involvement is incorporated, the tendency has been to concentrate on orientation and education rather than on the provision of counseling for the family members. This dearth of programming exists despite the knowledge that an active alcohol or drug abuser's behaviour disrupts the entire family system, including the functioning and development of children. Each family member is uniquely affected with negative outcomes ranging from economic hardship to violence being perpetrated against them to an increased risk among children of becoming alcohol or drug abusers themselves. Thus, treating only the active alcohol or other drug abuser is limiting and an overly narrow orientation for the enhancement of both family and community health.     

抗战时期陕甘宁边区保障人权原因初探

抗日战争时期,为了巩固陕甘宁边区的民族统一战线,为了揭露国民党顽固派摧残人权的种种罪行,有效地同国民党进行争民主的政治斗争;为了消除边区的封建主义和官僚主义的不良影响,更好地巩固和建设边区;为了发扬国际人道主义精神,造就一批抗击日本帝国主义的国际盟友,陕甘宁边区政府一方面领导边区军民英勇抗敌,另一方面又在边区实行维护和保障“人民之人权”,从而使这块抗日根据地的人权状况在当时的中国是最好的,成为“民主中国的模型”。     

道德行为补偿请求权初探

在市场经济大潮下 ,社会传统所固有的“情理”、“善”等伦理准则被“财富最大化”的经济理性所代替。适应这一现象 ,就要寻找一条合理有效的途径 ,即 :用法律规范的方式将道德行为者与受益人视为债权人与债务人 ,赋予道德行为者以民事补偿请求权。用权利作动力 ,改变传统社会的法律义务 ,更有利于现实社会的发展。     

论"低于成本价销售行为"的正当性

分析了反不正当竞争法对“低于成本价销售行为”的规定 ,以及企业的价格权和我国的基本国情 ,比较了“低于成本价销售行为”与国际倾销的区别。认为“低于成本价销售行为”是经营者自主行使其价格权的行为 ,具有一定的正当性 ,法律不应予以禁止。     

京郊乡镇企业产权结构分析与发展思考

文章分析了京郊乡镇企业产权多元化格局 ,并指出产权多元化后所存在的问题 ,针对存在问题 ,提出建立有效的集体资产运营机制、优化企业治理结构、切实转变政府职能等应对策略     

外商投资国民待遇制度与反垄断立法

文章分析了当前中国外商投资法律制度的建立、现状以及未来的发展方向 ,同时分析了反垄断法在外商投资法律制度中的意义 ,指出尽快制定反垄断法的现实意义 ,并结合中国当前实际情况 ,提出加强中国企业竞争力是防止外资垄断的重要途径     

Drug addiction as a lifestyle

Drug addict rehabilitation programs receive a small proportion of the funds made available through the social welfare system. Emphasis has traditionally been placed on the pathological rather than the salutogenic elements of an addicted lifestyle. A new test of a person's sense of coherence in life (Antonovsky's 9-item Sense of Coherence scale) may be of interest in rehabilitation work with drug addicts, and in focusing more attention on this aspect of addiction treatment. Thirty drug addicts in treatment and rehabilitation and 10 former drug addicts were interviewed using the 9-item Sense of Coherence scale. The results obtained were compared to a well known test of distress, the 24-item Symptom Checklist. Drug addicts in treatment facilities had significantly lower mean scores on the 9-item Sense of Coherence scale (2.3) and higher scores on the 24-item Symptom Checklist (2.3) than both drug addicts in rehabilitatively oriented institutions (3.3 and 1.6) and the long-term rehabilitated non-using former drug addicts (4.2 and 1.5 respectively). The differences between the group in rehabilitation and the former drug addicts were also statistically significant. The levels of the two psychometric tests suggested a gradual movement towards normal values and an increased sense of meaning in life among the former drug addicts, contrary to findings by other researchers. The length of time before these tests return to normal values may exceed the observation period often used in follow-up at treatment facilities. Increased social welfare may follow if a disclosure of salutogenic possibilities in drug addicts is obtained. Further prospective research is, however, necessary to confirm our findings.     

宪政实践与以权利制约权力

以权利制约权力是宪政历史发展的必然趋势,以权利制约权力只有在宪政实践中才能得到保障。本次修宪为我国宪政实践的逐步展开、为真正实现以权利制约权力创造了有利条件。然而,宪政建设是一项长期的重要任务,以权利制约权也是一个全新课题。要使"纸上的宪法"转化为"现实的宪法",真正实现以权利制约权力,需要解决的问题还很多。     

关于沉默权与“任何人不被强迫自证其罪”的思辨

在界定沉默权和"任何人不被强迫自证其罪"理念的概念之后,对沉默权与"任何人不被强迫自证其罪"理念进行比较,进而分析了在中国确立沉默权从理论和实践上的种种不利因素,而将"任何人不被强迫自证其罪"的理念作为一条基本原则加以确立,比较确立沉默权更能被接受,更有利于保护受害者人权等方面进行可行性分析.     

大学城的外部效应及其发展对策研究

大学城"大"的意义不是建立在占地面积广大上而言的,是"大"在教育、科研、人才、信息等资源集中整合、优化配置和立体发展上,实现其在更大范围内、更大程度上对各种资源的合理使用与有效促进区域经济、社会的协调发展。从外部效应的理论范式入手,阐明大学城的外部经济和外部不经济两个方面。最后依据外部效应的矫正机制,提出目前我国大学城建设的对策建议。