应对气候变化之政策与政策工具选择

在应对全球气候变化的紧迫形势下,经过多年的博弈,欧美将口号变为实际行动,各国基本实行的是市场机制下的碳税、排放贸易机制混合的碳减排制度,在工具选择上遵循公平性、适应性和有效性的标准。我国目前气候变化政策工具主要采用行政手段,可考虑由专家与政府共同决策,按照共同但有区别原则、分地区集团化进行的减排路径,建立以市场为主、行政为辅、法律监管为后盾的减排政策机制,实现经济工具、政治工具、法律工具的三位一体。     

基于委托模式融通仓的银行对第三方物流激励和监督

第三方物流努力工作和积极参与是融通仓有效运作的关键因素,因此如何促使其努力工作是一个非常重要的问题.运用委托代理理论,研究银行激励和监督第三方物流努力工作的问题.模型给出银行对第三方仅采用激励以及激励和监督相结合两种情况下的均衡结果,并对两种结果进行比较,然后对模型做进一步分析.结果显示,与仅用激励手段相比,银行采用激励和监督相结合的手段会使第三方物流更加努力工作.最后用算例说明银行给予第三方物流最优激励系数、最优固定支付及第三方物流最优努力水平的确定方法.     

论审计对领导干部权力制约和监督的实现

以十六大精神为指导,从党和政府对审计监督工作逐步加强的历史过程出发,论述了制约和监督是审计工作的根本职能;实现审计对领导干部权力的有效监督,应不断拓展制约和监督的内容.阐述了如何进一步加强和改进审计对领导干部权力的制约和监督.     

建立人民有效监督机制,从源头上治理腐败

围绕建立反腐肃贪的新机制,提出建构更加有效的人民对官员的监督制度;改革"干部选拔"制度,增大人民"选拔干部"的权力;建立人民群众对官员行使公共权力过程的动态监督机制;从源头上治理腐败.     

论大型国有企业的预算监管问题

对大型国有企业存在的严重的财产权利实际控制人问题和财产权利名义所有人问题进行了研究,认为实行预算监管和设计一套切实可行的预算监管组织框架是克服这些问题的有效措施。     

我国劳动争议仲裁制度之不足与完善

随着我国劳动关系发展的进一步复杂化,在劳动争议仲裁中先裁后审、仲裁时效、受案范围、仲裁公正性等问题的弊端不断暴露出来。所以进一步完善我国劳动争议仲裁制度,可以更好地保护劳动者和用人单位的合法权益,维护社会稳定,促进我国社会主义市场经济持续快速健康地发展。     

论欧洲违宪审查模式对中国宪法监督制度的借鉴意义

欧洲违宪审查制的逻辑起点是西方的人权观和三权分立理论,其建立制度的理论和模式选择 的过程极具启示性。德国模式和法国模式对中国建立违宪审查制有着重要的借鉴意义,尤其 是法国的宪法委员会模式,在中国更具现实可行性。     

A hybrid approach to achieving both marginal and conditional balances for stratification variables in sequential clinical trials

Various methods exist in the literature for achieving marginal balance for baseline stratification variables in sequential clinical trials. One major limitation with balancing on the margins of the stratification variables is that there is an efficiency loss when the primary analysis is stratified. To preserve the efficiency of a stratified analysis one recently proposed approach balances on the crossing of the stratification variables included in the analysis, which achieves conditional balance for the variables. A hybrid approach to achieving both marginal and conditional balances in sequential clinical trials is proposed, which is applicable to both continuous and categorical stratification variables. Numerical results based on extensive simulation studies and a real dataset show that the proposed approach outperforms the existing ones and is particularly useful when both additive and stratified models are planned for a trial. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Inference Based on General Linear Models for Order Restricted Randomization

This article develops statistical inference for the general linear models in order restricted randomized (ORR) designs. The ORR designs use the heterogeneity among experimental units to induce a negative correlation structure among responses obtained from different treatment regimes. This negative correlation structure acts as a variance reduction technique for treatment contrast. The parameters of the general linear models are estimated and a generalized F-test is constructed for its components. It is shown that the null distribution of the test statistic can be approximated reasonably well with an F-distribution for moderate sample sizes. It is also shown that the empirical power of the proposed test is substantially higher than the powers of its competitors in the literature. The proposed test and estimator are applied to a data set from a clinical trial to illustrate how one can improve such an experiment.     

教学督导机制促进“三风”常态化的数据仿真与模型构建

为解决师生精力投入不足,教学督导机制开始作为高校内部教学质量保障体系的重要组成部分开始运作,它是一个由教学专家组成的机构,具有检查性、指导性、咨询性的作用。实践证明,加强高校教学督导工作可以沟通、协调教学工作,实现各部门各环节之间、领导与教工之间、教师与学生之间的平衡,促进教学工作的顺利开展。