西方语义学与中国形名之学中的"意义"

对“意义”的分析一直是语言学特别是语义学的热点。主要从历时性的角度讨论东西方对“意义”理解的异同,意在揭示“意义”的含义。根据时代特点,讨论中西方各时期对意义的不同定义,阐释“语义三角”在中西方形成和发展的过程。     

Examining Factors that Influence the Existence of Heinrich's Safety Triangle Using Site‐Specific H&S Data from More than 25,000 Establishments

In the 1930s, Heinrich established one of the most prominent and enduring accident prevention theories when he concluded that high severity occupational safety and health (OSH) incidents are preceded by numerous lower severity incidents and near misses. Seventy‐five years of theory expansion/interpretation includes two fundamental tenets: (1) the ratio of lower to higher severity incidents exists in the form of a “safety‐triangle” and (2) similar causes underlie both high and low severity events. Although used extensively to inform public policy and establishment‐level health and safety priorities, recent research challenges the validity of the two tenets. This study explored the validity of the first tenet, the existence of the safety triangle. The advantage of the current study is the use of a detailed, establishment‐specific data set that evaluated over 25,000 establishments over a 13‐year time period, allowing three specific questions to be explored: (1) Are an increased number of lower severity incidents at an establishment significantly associated with the probability of a fatal event over time? (2) At the establishment level, do the effects of OSH incidents on the probability of a fatality over time decrease as the degree of severity decreases—thereby taking the form of a triangle? and (3) Do distinct methods for delineating incidents by severity affect the existence of the safety triangle form? The answer to all three questions was yes with the triangle form being dependent upon how severity was delineated. The implications of these findings in regard to Heinrich's theory and OSH policy and management are discussed.     

弗莱“三角形”批评说与其文本观的建构

弗莱提出的"三角形"批评说,即探讨作者、读者、批评家与文本的复杂关系。首先,文本生成是个"胎生"的过程,一旦生成,它就和作者处于关联性与个体性相统一的关系中。其次,读者的创造性阅读就是与文学文本进行"亲切的接触",与文本"打成一片",并完全融合。最后,批评家的任务是还原文学文本非功利的、自成一体的形态,他不局限于单个的、封闭的自足文本,而是向"大文本"迈进,并以宽容的心态视其为体现人类命运和人类理想的想象共同体。     

The universal validity of the possible triangle constraint for affected sib pairs

The authors consider affected‐sib‐pair analysis, in which genetic marker data are collected from families with at least two sibs affected by a disease under investigation. At any locus not linked to the disease gene, a sib pair shares 0, 1 and 2 alleles identical by descent (IBD) with probabilities of 1/4, 1/2 and 1/4, respectively. With linkage, the IBD value increases stochastically. Louis, Payami & Thomson (1987) and Holmans (1993) were the first ones who discovered that the IBD distribution satisfies the “possible triangle constraint” in some situations. Consequently, more powerful statistical procedures can be designed in detecting linkage. It is of statistical and genetical importance to investigate whether the possible triangle constraint remains true under general genetic models. In this paper, the authors introduce a new technique to prove the possible triangle constraint. Their proof is particularly simple for the single disease locus case. The general case is proved by linking IBD distributions between marker loci through a transition probability matrix.     

从元代涉商“三角恋杂剧”看作家商业文化心态

元代涉商三角恋杂剧具有自身的特征.从这类杂剧中,可以透视出杂剧作家商业文化心态:对商业和商人的鄙夷, 面对商业与商人的无奈,以及对商人的愤妒.这种独特的商业文化心态具有深厚的政治经济文化背景.     

长江沿岸区域经济带的综合优势与基本功能

作为中国区域经济协调发展的驱动轴、稳定轴、联接轴和枢纽轴,雄厚的资源配置、纵横的交通网络、潜力巨大的广阔市场、多元交融的长江文化和经济开发的国家战略,造就了长江沿岸区域经济带的综合优势;长江沿岸区域经济带将在全国产生东西联动、南北呼应的重大作用。     

关联n＋m个三角形的两个新的不等式

主要提出并证明关联n m个三角形的两个新的不等式。     

关于三角形内部一点的一些不等式

应用 Wolstenholme 不等式的代数形式,建立了涉及三角形内部任一点的几个二次型不等式,提出了这类不等式的几个猜想。     

关于(k)=∑sin~kA-∑cos~kA(k=3,5)的上下界

通过局部地采用优超方法给出了三角函数（k）=∑sinkA－∑coskA（k=3，5）的上下确界     

16—18世纪的大西洋贸易与现代早期世界经济的不平衡发展

16-18 世纪的大西洋贸易既包括传统意义上的三角贸易和较少为学界关注的新英格兰、非洲、西印度间的三角贸易,还包括许多直接贸易渠道.通过大西洋贸易,西欧一些国家,特别是英法获得了巨额利润,积累了大量资本,工业经济迅速发展,逐渐成长为现代早期世界经济的中心.而非洲和美洲,特别是非洲和拉丁美洲,却受制于大西洋贸易,日益沦落为世界经济的边缘.不过,在很大程度上由大西洋贸易和西欧经济强国自身经济发展要素机制所决定的现代早期世界经济的不平衡发展,并不仅仅表现为卷入大西洋贸易的西欧中心地区与边缘地区间的不平衡发展,还表现为中心地区和边缘地区内部的各自不平衡发展.