美国当代印第安英语诗歌中的部族认同——以哈娇、欧提斯和荷根为观照

自“美国印第安文艺复兴”以来,一批具有民族自豪感的作家与诗人把写作当作政治解放的武器,在其诗歌创作中强调对同化的抵制,表达出认同祖先文化传统的愿望。作为当代印第安英语诗歌的代表人物,乔伊·哈娇（JoyHarjo）、西蒙·欧提斯（Simon Ortiz）以及琳达·荷根（Linda Hogan）将诗歌创造建立在印第安口述文化传统之上,强调土地是印第安的记忆和文化之根,并透过灵性传统彰显异于主流文学的叙述模式、神话体系和信仰体系。      

Interrogating the tribal: the aporia of ‘tribalism’ in the sociological study of the Middle East

In this paper, we intend to deconstruct the term ‘tribalism’ as a colonial category, which figures as a prominent concept in social studies on Kurds as well as the Middle East at large. Blithely used, tribalism has occupied a central place, especially in the existing scholarship on Kurdistan. Some earlier anthropological works have gone so far as to regard tribalism as the ‘DNA’ of Middle Eastern people. Drawing on recent studies on Latin America, Africa and Central Asia, we argue that the use of tribalism as if it is the natural constitution of Kurdish society has caused a significant misrepresentation and oversimplification of socio‐political life in Kurdistan as well as the broader Middle East. In a way, the existing body of scholarship on this region has reproduced statist‐nationalist discourses at the expense of dominated communities (e.g., Kurds). The historical context of both colonial powers and nation‐states ‘combating tribes and tribalism’ coincided with the emergence of the discourse of racial biopolitics. Thus, the use of the term tribalism to define certain nations or ethnic groups should not be viewed as merely an application of socio‐anthropological categories. Hence, we argue that the ethical aspects and implications of the use of tribalism by both colonial powers and later by nation‐states to define certain ethnic groups must not be overlooked.     

智能化船员管理服务平台分析

分析大连东北亚重要国际航运中心应有的地位及基本定位,阐述大连建设航运信息中心的必要性与可行性,提出大连建立中国船员信息中心的构想及方案。     

从史诗《格萨尔》看古代藏族部落的议事会

议事会是藏族各级部落的权力机关,史诗《格萨尔》是藏族史前部落社会的活化石,以其为佐证,探究古代藏族部落议事会的组织形式、内容、特点等,从中我们可以了解到古代藏族部落的政治组织及议事制度。     

藏族部落兵员征集与军事训练

历史上,部落武装在抗击外来侵略、维护地区稳定中发挥了重要作用。文章从部落兵员征集及军事训练的方式入手,对藏族部落的武装制度作了探讨。     

由《魏书·邢峦传》看北魏军事制度改革的滞后

文章通过对<魏书·邢峦传>的解读,探讨了邢峦前期襄助孝文帝推进汉化,后期奉宣武帝命奔驰疆场的一生,指出北魏政权在封建化改革中,注重政治和习俗的变革,未对军事制度进行变革,基本保存了部落兵制.这种军事制度滞后于行政制度改革的状态,既让北魏军队中的汉族将帅难以施展,又为日后北魏政局的动荡留下隐患.     

南诏社会性质新探

本文基于史料及前人已有研究 ,认为对南诏社会性质的认识 ,很难就所谓“奴隶社会”或“封建社会”的片面阐释就得以完整说明。指出其社会性质函盖了国家的初始形态、准军事制度的主导地位、城市封建领主制出现、奴隶制的发展、封建等级制的兴起等五个特征内容     

民主改革前藏族部落刑律的特点

本文通过部落刑律与古代法、现代法以及各部落法之间的比较,从不同的视角突出了民主改革前藏族部落刑律的鲜明特色。认为它脱胎于古代法,但与古代法相区别;既是部落内部法,又是一定时期法的一种存在方式,孕育出现代法。