基于本体系统的知识管理人工智能研究

分析了知识管理中的信息组织难题和群体过程非结构化特性的本质意义. 介绍了用于解 决人工智能中非结构化问题的本体系统方法. 并通过支持群体交互知识管理的电子公共大脑 本体系统设计的案例,对本体系统方法的概念、构成和应用方法作了具有典型意义的示例性 介绍.     

Forest Fire Risk Management and Public Participation in Changing Socioenvironmental Conditions: A Case Study in a Mediterranean Region

Under current conditions of accelerated socioenvironmental change in the Mediterranean forested landscapes, fire is one of the most critical and difficult risks to tackle within the region. This article summarizes the lessons learned from a project based on the participatory integration of qualitative local stakeholders' knowledge with expert GIS fire simulations carried out in the County of El Bages, Catalonia, Spain. First, in this article, a theoretical model--the forest fire circle--is presented in order to explain the reasons for the rise in the damage and frequency of forest fires in this Mediterranean area. Second, it describes the methodology developed and the stages followed during the project. Results show that: (1) the advocacy of old forest reactive management paradigm assumptions and practices based on uncontrolled forest succession can put vast wooded areas of the Mediterranean basin at critical risk; and (2) forest fire management approaches that ignore the crucial role of long-term prevention and local capacity building strategies have failed. In the final section, the content and the specific dimensions of the old reactive paradigm that has characterized forest fire risk management in Catalonia are discussed and contrasted with the possibly emerging preventative paradigm.     

Performance measurement with classification information: an enhanced additive DEA model

This paper presents an improved measurement tool for evaluating performance of branches within a major Canadian bank. While there have been numerous previous studies of performance in the banking industry, particularly at the branch level, this study is different in a very significant way: specifically two kinds of data are used to develop the model. The first type of data is that related to standard transactions, available from any bank; such have formed the basis of numerous previous studies. The second type of data, obtained from the site studied, is classification information, based on branch consultant/expert judgment as to good and poor performance of branches. The purpose herein is to present a modified version of an existing benchmarking model, data envelopment analysis (DEA), and to show how this tool is applied in the banking industry. The mechanism used herein to incorporate expert knowledge within the DEA framework is to first apply a discriminant or classification tool, to quantify the functional relation that best captures the expert's mental model for performance. The outcome of this first phase is an orientation of variables to aid in the definition of inputs and outputs. The resulting orientation then defines the DEA model that makes up the second phase of the model.     

产业集群参与者交互偏好与知识网络演化:模型与仿真

知识网络是产业集群网络演化的重要组成部分和先决条件,本文将产业集群中参与者进行交互的偏好分为任务导向型和知识导向型,建立了一个基于多智能主体的产业集群知识网络模型,利用Blanche软件实现了知识网络演化模型的仿真计算,通过仿真研究了任务导向型和知识导向型知识网络的对网络演化的不同影响.最后,本文提出了研究的局限性和下一步研究的方向.     

基础研究学科发展的宏观知识挖掘

本文提出了一种学科发展分析的宏观知识挖掘思路和方法.从整体上、宏观上对蕴含于基础研究项目建议书(Proposal)中的知识进行挖掘,并在挖掘的基础之上对基础研究的学科发展趋势、特点,学科领域的分化、融合以及交叉等进行分析,并从学科整体、学科领域和项目等三个层面对基础研究的科研管理工作提供基于知识的决策支持.     

对学习历史事件法的一种改进

依据组织学习理论,对学习历史事件法进行了改进。由于企业的经验知识不完全等同于隐性知识,学习历史事件法同样不能直接应用于隐性知识的转化,为此,提出了适合隐性知识转化的改进型学习历史事件法。改进充分考虑了隐性知识的特征,并专门对隐性知识和经验知识进行了区分。同时,改进的学习历史事件法充分考虑了企业应用的可操作性,保留了量表的形式。最后,将该方法应用于MIS项目开发中,对新改进的量表进行了定量解析。     

基于知识图谱的员工创新行为研究分析

以中国知网数据库2007—2017年收录的题名中含有“员工创新行为”的293篇期刊论文作为数据来源,借助CiteSpace5.0软件绘制可视化知识图谱,对该时间段国内员工创新行为研究的年度发文量、发文机构、文献来源机构、代表性学者及研究热点进行可视化分析。研究结果表明：2007—2010年,员工创新行为研究的载文量较少但呈逐步增长趋势,2010—2017年,员工创新行为发文量增长趋势明显;发文量排名前20的研究机构中有19个为高校;载文量在5篇以上的期刊主要为经济管理类期刊;其研究热点主要集中在员工创新行为主体研究,以及个人特征、领导力、组织文化与氛围等员工创新行为前因变量研究。未来的研究方向为：开发适合中国情境的员工创新行为量表,在整体视角下探讨不同创新主体之间的关联及员工创新行为的结果变量等。     

An Exploration of “Superb Competences” in College Teachers in the Context of U-Learning

Ubiquitous learning (U-learning), a potential shortcut for China to modernize its education, is treated in this discussion as a mentality and means for citizens in high-tech society to seek a lifelong education. Thus situated, this article presents an exploration of “superb competences”—material intelligence, internet thinking, and brain-related neuro knowledge—in college teachers outside their trained professional areas. It is believed that once the teachers are equipped with the material intelligence, internet thinking, and brain-related neuro knowledge, real U-learning practice is ensured and its rationale will be developed. Material intelligence and internet thinking are evolved from and closely related to technological development, and therefore constitute the essential requirements of U-learning in terms of technical and educational cognitive framework. A good knowledge of brain related neuroscience, the third competence, guarantees the scientific rooting of every element in the designing of U-leaning tasks, whose success resides in a serious respect of cognitive nature and rules of the brain. The building of such superb competences, as is argued at the end of the paper, relies on various supports, like policies and technological aids, from all levels of educational administration in the country as well as each individual teacher’s personal understanding and efforts.     

论魏晋玄风下的中国佛教般若学言意观

魏晋时期佛教般若学言意观,在对教义的理解上,在“言语道断-假言假象-忘象息言-求理象外”的体系建立上,在论述语言及其表述方式上,受到当时魏晋玄学思潮的直接影响。但佛教作为一种外来思想,又有自己的独特性与深刻性。比如对语言符号假有、空性的认识,对“形象”的认识以及提出的“顿悟”说等,拓宽了认识和意识能力的范畴,对后世影响甚深。     

知识型员工流失的深层研究——基于心理契约的视角

知识型员工由于其地位和作用的特殊性,一直是企业竞争的主要对象,其流动率也一直较高。知识型员工流失在很大程度上是心理契约违背的必然结果,因此,重构和优化心理契约至关重要。具体而言,在招聘、入职、变动和离职四个阶段,企业应分别采取真实岗位预视、建立动态档案、加强沟通、及时补偿和离职面谈等措施,防止知识型员工流失。