A nonparametric coherent confidence procedure

ABSTRACT

Holm's step-down testing procedure starts with the smallest p-value and sequentially screens larger p-values without any information on confidence intervals. This article changes the conventional step-down testing framework by presenting a nonparametric procedure that starts with the largest p-value and sequentially screens smaller p-values in a step-by-step manner to construct a set of simultaneous confidence sets. We use a partitioning approach to prove that the new procedure controls the simultaneous confidence level (thus strongly controlling the familywise error rate). Discernible features of the new stepwise procedure include consistency with individual inference, coherence, and confidence estimations for follow-up investigations. In a simple simulation study, the proposed procedure (treated as a testing procedure), is more powerful than Holm's procedure when the correlation coefficient is large, and vice versa when it is small. In the data analysis of a medical study, the new procedure is able to detect the efficacy of Aspirin as a cardiovascular prophylaxis in a nonparametric setting.     

The union-intersection principle applied to the test of dimensionality

In the first section Anderson-Rao-Fujikoshi's test statistics for testing the hypothesis of dimensionality are reviewed and then Olkin-Tomsky's generalized union-intersection principle is applied to show that a new class of test statistics for testing the hypothesis of dimensionality are derived which includes the likelihood ratio test statistics, the trace test statistics and a version of ROY'S maximum root test statistics.     

MODELING THE LIFETIME OF LONGITUDINAL ELEMENTS

In the study of the stochastic behaviour of the lifetime of an element as a function of its length, it is often observed that the failure time (or lifetime) decreases as the length increases. In probabilistic terms, such an idea can be expressed as follows. Let T be the lifetime of a specimen of length x, so the survival function, which denotes the probability that an element of length x survives till time t, will be given by S_T (t, x) = P(T > t/α(x), where α(x) is a monotonically decreasing function. In particular, it is often assumed that T has a Weibull distribution. In this paper, we propose a generalization of this Weibull model by assuming that the distribution of T is Generalized gamma (GG). Since the GG model contains the Weibull, Gamma and Lognormal models as special and limiting cases, a GG regression model is an appropriate tool for describing the size effect on the lifetime and for selecting among the embedded models. Maximum likelihood estimates are obtained for the GG regression model with α(x) = cx^b . As a special case this provide an alternative to the usual approach to estimation for the GG distribution which involves reparametrization. Related parametric inference issues are addressed and illustrated using two experimental data sets. Some discussion of censored data is also provided.     

王韶《平戎策》中处理民族关系的原则及借鉴意义--兼补辑《全宋文》中的王韶文

王韶是北宋神宗朝开拓熙河而立下赫赫战功的大军事家、政治家.其<平戎策>提出了恩信招抚、汉法教化、平等相待、杂居互学、发展经济等处理民族关系的原则,在今天仍具有借鉴意义.另为<全宋文>补辑王韶文五篇.     

行政判例视野中的行政法原则研究——以梁宝福案、赖恒安案为例评释

行政法原则在行政执法实践和司法审判实践中具有重要意义,而行政判例中则蕴含着丰富的行政法原则.以梁宝富案关于合法性审查和保护诉权及赖恒安案关于成熟原则的行政判例为例来看,通过行政判例来运用、发展、创制行政法原则,对于推进我国行政法治有着极其重要的意义.     

论我国行政诉讼调解的理论革新

行政诉讼调解长期以来一直是一个莫衷一是的热点问题。在行政诉讼法即将修改之际,探讨这一问题具有重要的现实意义。文章总结了现行行政诉讼不适用调解原则的成因、困境,指出我国现行行政诉讼不适用调解原则陷入困境的理论误导的结果,并结合域外相关制度的经验,得出行政诉讼调解不仅是一种国际经验,而且应当奠定在服务行政理论基础之上才能得到正确的说明。     

内圣外王之道与儒家文论话语构建的原初向度

内圣外王之道是对儒家理想的表达,其旨在于内足以资修养而外足以经世。“以六艺为养”的儒家从内圣工夫看待“诗”、“礼”、“乐”、“言”,不仅从创作方面为文艺树立了高远的理想,更赋予文艺一种切关存在意义的根源性。从外王事功视野看待“诗”、“礼”、“乐”、“言”,则文艺被纳入制度文化论域当中,对其功能价值的判定也就自然以制度文化建设为准绳,其最终指向便是通过文艺整顿人心、和合天下,造就上下有序、协调和睦的理想社会秩序。不过,内圣与外王之间的存在论断裂也造成儒家文论的结构性冲突。     

加强高校机关效能建设

加强高校机关效能建设是当前高校求得快速发展的必然要求。详细阐述了高校机关效能建设的基本内涵,对高校机关效能建设的必要性、有关原则进行了分析,从机关职能部门的调整、工作人员队伍建设、制度建设、信息化和办公现代化建设四方面对当前高校机关效能建设中应注意抓好的有关工作进行一些探讨。     

论美国保护预备被监护人权益的基本原则

预备被监护人是指即将被安排监护的当事人.经过十余年改革,美国成年监护制度形成了保护预备被监护人权益的一系列基本原则.这些原则包括:"实质性损害"标准、最小限制性替代措施、"功能性行为能力"标准、正当程序原则.我国成年监护制度立法理念相对落后,借鉴美国的成功经验来重构和完善我国的成年监护制度具有重要意义.     

把握科学发展观的方法论原则

科学发展观的人本取向原则要求把“发展为了人民”作为发展的价值目标,把“发展依靠人民”作为重要的工作路线和工作方法,把“发展成果由人民共享”作为判断发展成败的根本标准。科学发展观的动态均衡原则要求要处理好“以人为本”与以经济建设为中心、全面发展与重点发展、协调发展与优先发展、可持续发展与当前发展等重大关系问题。科学发展观的适度原则要求人们要有适度的情感表达和物质欲求,人口与经济的增长要适度,社会各阶层都要具有适度的利益表达渠道。