Antecedents and Consequences of Words

As instances of behavior, words interact with environments. But they also interact with each other and with other kinds of behavior. Because of the interlocking nature of the contingencies into which words enter, their behavioral properties may become increasingly removed from nonverbal contingencies, and their relationship to those contingencies may become distorted by the social contingencies that maintain verbal behavior. Verbal behavior is an exceedingly efficient way in which one organism can change the behavior of another. All other functions of verbal behavior derive from this most basic function, sometimes called verbal governance. Functional verbal antecedents in verbal governance may be extended across time and space when individuals replicate the verbal behavior of others or their own verbal behavior. Differential contact with different verbal antecedents may follow from differential attention to verbal stimuli correlated with consequential events. Once in place, verbal behavior can be shaped by (usually social) consequences. Because these four verbal processes (verbal governance, replication, differential attention, and verbal shaping) share common stimulus and response terms, they produce interlocking contingencies in which extensive classes of behavior come to be dominated by verbal antecedents. Very different consequences follow from verbal behavior depending on whether it is anchored to environmental events, as in scientific verbal practices, or becomes independent of it, as in religious fundamentalism.     

选择性视觉注意与网页视觉热区分布的研究

设计了网页视觉热区数据的采集系统，分析了选择性视觉注意与网页视觉热区的分布，为网页设计者提供了更为科学的版面设置方案，且可提高网站的信息浏览量，为网站评价体系提供更多的参数．     

高职旅游酒店管理专业情境教学模式的应用

职业特色突出的高职旅游酒店管理专业的教学注重在掌握理论知识的同时进行职业能力的培养,情境教学模式实用并易于操作,特别适用于职业教育。为了成功地运用此种教学模式,论文提出了实施中应该注意的相关事项。     

想象空间·自然书写·女性反叛无意识

《黄色壁纸》是美国女作家夏洛蒂·珀尔金斯·吉尔曼的一部女性现代主义作品。小说情节简单 ,吉尔曼以女性自然书写的方式真实生动地表现了父权制社会下女性所承受的沉重的心理压抑 ,以及女性想象力在无意识反叛过程中所起的重要作用。     

网络称谓词的表现形式与规范评析

称谓是一种语言现象也是一种社会化现象。从称谓词的社会化内涵入手，以发展的眼光，对当前网络语言行为中的崭新称谓形式进行思考，剖析其社会成因及化特点，是网络语言发展及规范的理论基础。     

施蛰存历史小说创作动机论

施蛰存是中国现代心理分析型历史小说的开创者,与大多数现代作者不同,他创作历史小说的动机在意识层面是为了开辟一条创作的新蹊径,在无意识层面则是其压抑在无意识领域中的创伤性情感体验与本能欲望的升华,正是有意识动机与无意识动机的共同作用,激发并支持了施蛰存心理分析型历史小说的创作行为,这也正是其作品在当时历史小说创作中自成一家的内在动因。     

工程重大安全事故罪的主观要件

本文阐述了工程重大安全事故罪在主观上是由于工程建设参与者没有正确履行自己的注意义务所造成的。文中列举了注意义务包括结果的预见义务和避免义务 ,并指出注意义务的来源以及注意能力的判断标准。工程质量保险不能代替注意义务     

钱钟书《围城》中作者女性偏见原因探析

《围城》是一部备受瞩目的小说,其作者钱钟书先生被誉为"20世纪最伟大的学者"、"文化昆仑"。然而在这部广受赞誉的作品中,作家塑造女性人物形象时存在很大的偏见。《围城》创作中产生女性偏见的原因,一是目的性:作家独特的创作目的决定了人物塑造和情节安排,二是民族性:中国传统文化与文学对"中学为体"的钱钟书不可估量的影响,三是时代性:作家所处的时代无法逃遁的男权社会下作家的群体无意识。     

就业扶贫工程的政策注意力研究

就业扶贫工程在扶贫开发中发挥着不可替代的作用,对其政策注意力的研究有利于了解这一领域的政策分配情况。通过收集并筛选出“中央—省—市”各级政府相关政策文件811篇,运用文本分析方法发现:创业方面吸引了更多政策注意力,稳定就业引起的政策注意力远远不够;就业政策注意力呈现东高西低的情况,但西部地区政府更注重稳定就业政策;“中央—省—市”三级政府的政策注意力差别不太大且省市两级的差别更小,在具体方面,中央更重视稳定就业和创业,省市更重视就业供给和就业能力,其中就业供给维度的差异最大。     

The Role of Joint Attention in Later Development Among Preterm Children: Linkages Between Early and Middle Childhood

Joint attention is a hallmark of human cognition. It refers to the capacity to coordinate attention to objects and events with attention to other people. Infants display considerable individual differences in this capacity. This longitudinal study of 13‐month‐old preterms was conducted to examine the hypothesis that two different types of joint‐attention skills assessed in an infant–tester paradigm are related to verbal and nonverbal IQ measures through middle childhood. Data are reported separately for the children's tendency to initiate such skills and to respond to an experimenter's offers to share in such behaviours. The results provide support for the hypothesis that the initiation of joint attention makes a unique contribution to later nonverbal IQ apart from variance associated with biomedical risk status and infant development. The results of this study have implications for the conceptualisation of joint‐attention skills, as well as for understanding the relation between joint attention and later cognition.