经济人的过程哲学诠释--社会存在本体论的理论范型

20世纪70年发展起来的社会存在本体论,其实质是关系实在论.人与人之间的首要关系是社会关系.经济关系是社会关系的集中表现.体现经济本质的事件本体论是人的社会存在的元哲学解释.这恰恰是怀特海过程哲学的核心.把社会存在本体论与过程哲学联系起来是使后者走向现代性的正确渠道.21世纪之初,由小科布领军的过程哲学研究正在把这一研究引向深入.     

Bayesian X̄ control limits for exponentially distributed measurements

This article deals with the construction of an X? control chart using the Bayesian perspective. We obtain new control limits for the X? chart for exponentially distributed data-generating processes through the sequential use of Bayes’ theorem and credible intervals. Construction of the control chart is illustrated using a simulated data example. The performance of the proposed, standard, tolerance interval, exponential cumulative sum (CUSUM) and exponential exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) control limits are examined and compared via a Monte Carlo simulation study. The proposed Bayesian control limits are found to perform better than standard, tolerance interval, exponential EWMA and exponential CUSUM control limits for exponentially distributed processes.     

Monitoring exponential data using two-sided control charts with runs rules

In this article, new two-sided control charts with runs rules, suitable for the monitoring of exponential data, are proposed and studied. The proposed schemes are suitable to identify changes (upward or downward) in the mean of an exponential distribution. Also, they have the desired in-control performance as well as unbiased performance. Guidelines for the most effective scheme in practice are provided, along with comparisons with other competitive schemes. Finally, the practical application of the proposed schemes is also discussed.     

盛唐咏物诗新变特征试论

盛唐时期,物质生产高度发达,社会生活富庶安宁,诗歌高度繁荣发展。在这一社会背景下,咏物诗在创作上呈现出新变的艺术特征。诗人们在继承托物言志传统的同时,又发展了这种理论,使咏物诗在创作上呈现出向"即物达情"转变的新特点。     

为证据概念再定义

尽管诉讼法学和证据法学界对证据这个概念给出了不少定义,但实际上依然没有体现证据的本质特征。过去的事件在现实中会留下许多的痕迹,包括人类的记忆也是一种痕迹。通过收集过去事件遗留的痕迹,并对这些痕迹进行分析,可以复原过去的历史,达到查清案件事实的目的。因此,证据是诉讼主体提出并用来证明过去事件的痕迹和对痕迹的分析。     

突发事件中新闻图片报道的准则

科技的发展和生活节奏的加快,当代社会已进入了＂读图时代＂。新闻图片报道以其独特的传播优势使其成为新闻报道的重要方式之一,突发事件中新闻图片报道应遵循及时性、准确性、真实性、全面性、新颖性、人本性等准则,唯有如此才能增强新闻图片传播信息的有效性。     

运动事件的翻译:语义特征的保留与转换研究——以《红楼梦》诗词英译为例

基于Talmy 的运动事件框架和词汇化模式研究,以杨宪益、戴乃迭和霍克斯的《红楼梦》诗词的译文为例,以方式、结果、路径和物像等特征为着眼点,探讨运动事件翻译过程中的语义特征保留与转换。研究发现,译者采用了不同的原文解析方式,以动词为中心重组译文,突显不同的语义特征,从而使译文的运动事件特征呈现不同的保留度与转换度。     

Sample size calculation for recurrent events data in one‐arm studies

In some exceptional circumstances, as in very rare diseases, nonrandomized one‐arm trials are the sole source of evidence to demonstrate efficacy and safety of a new treatment. The design of such studies needs a sound methodological approach in order to provide reliable information, and the determination of the appropriate sample size still represents a critical step of this planning process. As, to our knowledge, no method exists for sample size calculation in one‐arm trials with a recurrent event endpoint, we propose here a closed sample size formula. It is derived assuming a mixed Poisson process, and it is based on the asymptotic distribution of the one‐sample robust nonparametric test recently developed for the analysis of recurrent events data. The validity of this formula in managing a situation with heterogeneity of event rates, both in time and between patients, and time‐varying treatment effect was demonstrated with exhaustive simulation studies. Moreover, although the method requires the specification of a process for events generation, it seems to be robust under erroneous definition of this process, provided that the number of events at the end of the study is similar to the one assumed in the planning phase. The motivating clinical context is represented by a nonrandomized one‐arm study on gene therapy in a very rare immunodeficiency in children (ADA‐SCID), where a major endpoint is the recurrence of severe infections. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Short- and long-term stability in organizational networks: Temporal structures of project teams

Network research focuses on patterns of stable relationships, where stability represents the unfolding of social processes over long time frames. We argue that social interactions exhibit important regularities in different time frames (short and long term), reflecting distinct social processes. We illustrate the value of this distinction through a comparative case study of technology-mediated communication, within two project teams in a digital marketing agency. We examine how the embedding of interpersonal interactions in processes of reciprocity and closure over different time horizons enables the emergence of cohesion in the face of constant compositional changes. We propose that the time frames in which stable patterns of interactions develop are the key to understanding the nature of the underlying social processes with short-term patterns of closure and reciprocity representing adaptation to change while longer term patterns indicate cohesion. Our results are supportive of this argument and show that the two teams exhibit the same regularities in interactions but across different time horizons. We discuss the implication of our findings and argue that distinguishing between short- and long-term stability of social networks offers a novel and promising avenue for network research.     

气象灾害事件正式信息扩散模型研究

对气象灾害事件信息的研究是解构气象灾害事件的重要路径。依据信息传播的渠道和主体,可以将气象灾害事件信息划分为正式信息和非正式信息。气象灾害事件正式信息的扩散路径相对固定,发布具有可控性,但是正式传播渠道不能保证其真实性。气象灾害正式信息在扩散过程中具有非线性、稀释性和支离性等特征。在此基础上构建的气象灾害事件正式信息扩散模型表明,对气象灾害信息持开放态度,注重信息扩散方式的创新,加强对专业性信息的通俗化处理,重视对公众的培训和教育以及选择合适的气象灾害信息发布策略,将有助于引导信息扩散,优化气象灾害事件的应急处置。