对成都市在“城乡一体化”改革中创新突破的调查和研究

城乡统筹发展的实质就是要协调城市与乡村的各类要素资源,打破城、镇、乡、村的脱节和工业与农业发展不平衡的格局,实现以城乡一体化为目标、以改革创新为核心、以群众利益最大化为宗旨、以市场化为动力、以政策为保障的城乡和谐与可持续发展。     

The Intergenerational Continuity of Fathers' Absence in a Socioeconomically Disadvantaged Sample

Fathers' absence is a pattern that shows intergenerational continuity, most notably within disadvantaged populations. The process whereby this pattern is repeated across generations is not well understood. Using data from the Concordia Longitudinal Risk Project, the authors investigated pathways between fathers' absence in 1 generation and the experience of fathers' absence by their children. The current sample included 386 socioeconomically at‐risk individuals across 2 waves of data collection: (a) when they were children and (b) when they were adults with their own children. Analyses based on structural equation modeling revealed that men whose fathers were absent when they were children were more likely to become absent fathers, and women whose fathers were absent when they were children were more likely to have children with absent partners. Indirect pathways between fathers' absence in 2 generations through aggression, education, and substance abuse were illustrated for women. These findings add to the literature suggesting that fathers' absence during childhood has intergenerational effects.     

The Tempo of Sexual Activity and Later Relationship Quality

Rapid sexual involvement may have adverse long‐term implications for relationship quality. This study examined the tempo of sexual intimacy and subsequent relationship quality in a sample of married and cohabiting men and women. Data come from the Marital and Relationship Survey, which provides information on nearly 600 low‐ to moderate‐income couples living with minor children. Over one third of respondents became sexually involved within the first month of the relationship. Bivariate results suggested that delaying sexual involvement was associated with higher relationship quality across several dimensions. The multivariate results indicated that the speed of entry into sexual relationships was negatively associated with marital quality, but only among women. The association between relationship tempo and relationship quality was largely driven by cohabitation. Cohabiting may result in poorer quality relationship because rapid sexual involvement early in the romantic relationship is associated with entrance into shared living.     

Filling holes in the safety net? Material hardship and subjective well-being among disability benefit applicants and recipients after the 1996 welfare reform

Some of the rapid recent growth in disability income receipt in the United States is attributable to single mothers post-welfare reform. Yet, we know little about how disability benefit receipt affects the economic well-being of single mother families, or how unsuccessful disability applicants fare. We compare disability recipients to unsuccessful applicants and those who never applied among current and former welfare recipients, and examine how application and receipt affect material hardships and subjective measures of well-being. We then examine whether alternative ways of making ends meet mediate differences in well-being. After controlling for alternative sources of support, no significant differences in overall actual hardships or difficulty living on current income remained between the three groups. However, even after controlling for these strategies, unsuccessful applicants were significantly more likely to report that they expected hardships in the next two months. Our results suggest a pervasive level of economic insecurity among unsuccessful applicants.     

Social insurance and children: The relationship between Social Security,economic well-being,and family context among child recipients

The relationship between social insurance, which provides families protection against certain risks, and child economic security is understudied. Using the 2004 Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP) matched to Social Security Administration benefit records, this article investigates the economic welfare effects of the child component of the US Social Security program. We examine how the poverty rate of child beneficiaries would change, absent Social Security income, and how heavily the family incomes of these children rely on it, by family characteristics. Our findings reveal that Social Security plays an important role in mitigating economic insecurity among children deprived of a wage-earning parent through disability, death, or retirement. Family structure, earnings, and employment status are identified as key factors moderating the effect of Social Security on child recipients’ financial circumstance.     

恩格尔定律的悖论情形及其解释

在学术界对恩格尔定律普遍达成共识,并主要关注恩格尔系数外部影响因素的背景下,本文对共识性的恩格尔定律提出悖论情形,从恩格尔定律与需求收入弹性的本质性关系出发,运用数理推导等定性定量方法对悖论情形进行了验证。然后,引入收入分解理论的份额思想,运用收入来源结构的面板数据,采用混合固定效应模型和随机效应模型,对恩格尔定律悖论情形内部机理进行分析,得出了支持恩格尔定律悖论情形的分项收入作用机制。     

基于贝叶斯SDM模型的中国城镇居民收入收敛性分析

随着中国经济的高速增长,中国区域间贫富差距也日渐加大,在此背景下对中国城镇居民收入是否收敛进行检验并探究其影响原因十分必要。基于一个包括物质资本和人力资本投入的新古典增长模型,根据中国31个省市的1987—2013年数据,利用SDM模型和贝叶斯MCMC统计分析方法,研究城镇居民收入的收敛性问题,结果发现:中国城镇居民人均收入具有显著的空间差异,且在1987—2008年为发散、在2008—2013年以及1987—2013年为存在β收敛的变化趋势;物质资本对中国城镇居民收入增长的β收敛具有正向促进作用,而人力资本对其具有反向促进作用,增加物质资本投入有利于缩小地区收入差距,二者的不匹配可能是导致中国收入增长差距的原因。     

比较视野的中国职务发明专利授权的分类统计与政策含义

职务发明专利授权意味着企事业单位或机关团体作为专利权人取得其雇员所发明技术的专利权。职务发明专利授权量可反映一个国家企事业单位或机关团体在其发明专利申请受理国运用专利制度获取技术竞争力的水平。根据世界知识产权组织的《国际专利分类号与技术领域对照表》,对我国1986—2006年发明专利授权按技术领域进行分类统计;从静态和动态比较的角度,对我国国内和国外发明专利授权格局及其演变进行分析;并对上述分析结果的公共政策含义进行探讨。     

基于多变量动态模型的产出缺口估算

 本文运用多变量动态模型系统下的Beveridge-Nelson分解方法和贝叶斯Gibbs抽样估计,估算了1985年1季度至2008年2季度期间中国的产出缺口,并且与传统的单变量估计方法测算的结果在统计属性和对货币政策调节的预测效果方面进行了比较。实证结果表明,不同产出缺口的统计属性存在差别,并且只有基于多变量系统测算的产出缺口对货币政策具有显著预测效果。这说明多变量模型估计出的产出缺口更全面地考虑了经济产出与其他相关变量的互动效应,含有的信息更为丰富,从而对宏观政策调整具有更重要的参考价值。     

高校非税收入的改革与管理

在财政改革进一步深化中,各地政府加强了对非税收入的管理力度,各级财政部门和行政事业单位积极关注与推行政府非税收入改革,也给高校发展注入了新的活力.本文具体分析了政府非税收入改革给高校带来的影响,并提出了相应的举措,以及进一步完善非税收入的法制化、规范化管理.