Making it ‘APP’en: service user feedback: developing and implementing a service user APP: reflections from Northern Ireland,England and Scotland

Despite the advent of social media and increasing use of smart phone technology amongst global and UK populations, APP’s for social work remain in their infancy. Several have been developed which focus on the education of social workers and practitioners providing information on specific social work issues, and one we are aware of that explores ethics and values using a games-based approach. In this paper, we discuss the importance of service user perspective in social work practice and how this informed the development of the feedback App. We reflect on developing this instrument using digital technologies which social workers can use to gather anonymous feedback from service users about their experiences of social work interventions. This project, developed in response to demands placed on social work agencies to evidence the effectiveness of service interventions, provide robust data from service users for inspection regimes and sustain service user involvement in improving services. The evaluation model is designed to document the implementation process, exploring what works and what barriers, challenges and lessons were learned by the project team together with how some of the tensions in the process were addressed and resolved.     

Conflicts and empowerment – a processual perspective on the development of a partnership

Partnership working involving providers and users of social services is highly valued as a means to inform research and practice, yet its effectiveness is debated. Frameworks for measuring and evaluating partnerships are developed, but still there is a need to shed light on micro-practices to gain insight in how partnerships succeed or fail to reach their goals. The context for this qualitative study is a Norwegian governmental funded program, where one goal was promotion of structures for equal collaboration between social work education, research, social service providers and users. The study investigates one local partnership project and how conflicts influenced processes and outcomes. Conflicts were related to the leadership of the group. With a particular look at users’ participation, the findings indicate how emergence and negotiations of conflicts were related to their empowering processes as the project developed. The study underscores the importance of acknowledging conflicts and how these may be complex and interwoven with empowering processes when users are involved, as well as the need to critically examine issues on leadership. The study supports the importance of ethnographic studies in order to understand how a partnership might deliver, as this approach enables enhanced understanding of micro-practices and internal power dynamics.     

我国分期付款制度及其完善

针对动产分期付款买卖的普及和分期付款合同的特殊性,对普通买卖合同动产分期付款买卖的法律适用规定的局限性进行分析,指出我国应引入分期付款所有权保留制度作为法律没有特殊规定和当事人没有约定的补充。保留所有权条款给人一种字面上的误解,实际上它是一种对所有权的再次取回,把其称为取回所有权条款比较合适。最后论述如何理解我国《合同法》第167条第2款的"使用费"和使用费数额的计算方法的问题。     

网络时代高校图书馆用户信息需求分析

网络时代高校图书馆用户的信息需求状态发生了巨大变化,掌握用户需求变化、用户需求特点和用户需求规律,创建基于用户需求的信息资源建设与服务模式,对于指导图书馆资源建设,有效地满足用户信息需求具有积极的推动作用。     

基于累积前景理论的动态交通流演化博弈模型

交通流演化的内在动力机制是出行者的适应性学习及其诱发的路径选择行为的持续改变,当选择行为趋于稳定时交通系统也将达到或接近均衡状态。首先基于累积前景理论建立了一个用户均衡模型及其等价的变分不等式,在一定约束条件下对模型解的性质进行了讨论;然后将累积前景理论与演化博弈论相结合,利用复制子动态来刻画出行者日常路径选择的博弈学习行为,建立了一个动态交通系统模型,结合稳定性分析证明了当满足一定条件时系统演化能够实现用户均衡;最后通过算例在不同初始状态和不同参照点更新规则下分别展示了交通流的动态演化与用户均衡的实现过程,对相关研究结论进行了验证。本文拓展了传统交通分配模型完全理性假设和均衡分析方法的局限,更加真实、全面的刻画了动态交通系统长期运行特征和规律。     

实时交通信息作用下公交多公司博弈研究

研究了提供公交车实时到站信息服务,对乘客出行行为的影响以及公交公司在基于自身利润最大化目标下,决策是否提供信息进行分析.模型中假设,理性的出行者随机到达车站或者利用公交信息提前规划自己的行程.计划出行的人数依赖于公交车的发车频率以及提供信息的质量的高低.基于固定需求的乘客出行分析,研究了公交公司在选择是否提供信息和设定运营频率以最大化利润.得到不同运营策略的公交公司的发车频率及最优利润.发现乘客利用信息成本越低,公交公司在提供信息方面越积极,公交公司可能在降低社会总成本的情况下落入“囚徒困境”.如果乘客利用信息的成本较高,而信息提供成本较低,则可能出现一家公交公司提供信息而另一家通过增加服务频率来差异竞争的均衡结果.     

Assessment as the Site of Power: A Bourdieusian Interrogation of Service User and Carer Involvement in the Assessments of Social Work Students

The centrality of service user and carer involvement in social work education in England is now well established, both in policy and practice. However, research evidence suggests their involvement in student assessments is underdeveloped and under researched. This study focused on the positioning of service users and carers in relation to other stakeholders involved in the assessments of social work students in England. Using narrative research methodology, 21 participants, including service users, carers, social work students, social work employers and social work educators, were offered a semi-structured individual interview. Participants’ narratives revealed different power relations among those involved in social work students’ assessments and a lack of confidence among service users and carers in making failed assessment recommendations. The paper concludes by arguing the case for social work educators and service user organisations to provide joint training to support service users and carers in their role as assessors of social work students.     

企业社会责任会计目标及实现研究

社会责任会计目标研究围绕社会责任信息使用者、披露的内容,以及实现披露目标措施等内容展开。研究认为实现企业社会责任会计目标要充分发挥政府、企业、审计机构和学术界的作用：建立政府主导下的社会责任信息披露模式、确立科学合理的社会责任信息披露方式、确保社会责任信息真实公允披露,以及学术界为社会责任信息披露提供理论支持。     

面向隐性目标优化的改进小生境遗传算法及其在汽车造型设计中的应用

针对传统交互式遗传算法中处理保持种群多样性和加速收敛这对矛盾问题的缺陷,本文结合共享机制小生境思想,通过引入小生境熵及自适应的小生境半径来保证种群多样性,并在此基础上提出一种面向隐性目标优化问题的改进小生境遗传算法,旨在确保避免局部收敛的同时,提高算法收敛效率、降低用户疲劳。通过汽车造型草图设计仿真实验,验证了该算法在汽车造型设计问题中的正确性及有效性。     

高校信息用户培训的发展趋势及新技术应用

信息技术环境的改善,使高校图书馆用户培训的内容、方式、方法及技术应用呈现出崭新的面貌,其发展趋势是：培训内容注意实用性、新颖性、合法性;培训方式强调灵活性、专业性;培训手段突出交互性、用户参与性。在培训实践中,应针对高校用户的信息行为习惯和喜好,利用多媒体技术改革传统培训方式,运用流媒体技术强化网络培训的互动性,提高培训的效率并增强学生学习专业文献检索知识与技术的自主性。