政府统计部门实施用户满意度调查的若干构想——基于欧洲统计系统的实践经验

通过用户满意度调查来测量用户对统计数据质量水平的主观感知,为统计数据质量评估与控制提供了一条重要的信息渠道。基于对政府统计部门实施用户满意度调查的社会背景及其必要性的分析,借鉴在国际同领域实践中起步较早的、较具代表性的欧洲统计系统用户满意度调查的相关实践经验,对中国政府统计部门实施用户满意度调查的制度保障、目标定位与内容设计以及调查组织实施等方面的实践要领进行了探讨。     

Perspectives on Library Reorganization

Abstract

In the last 20 years, libraries have continued to see changes in information delivery options, technologies, and academic and information environments. This column examines the multifaceted ways in which librarians have responded to change with reorganization projects at various levels, using a variety of strategies to address challenges such as budget cuts, insufficient personnel, and the general need to remain agile, flexible, and responsive to the changing needs of library users.     

People with experience of long-term drug use and homelessness teaching with us: experts by experience participation in university social work education

ABSTRACT

Participation of experts by experience in university social work education is an important shaping factor for future social workers. This article presents two-year long experience in lecturing together with people who have had experience with long-term drug use, homelessness and have a lot of experience with being in a role of social work clients as well. The aim of the presented approach is to recognize their experience, opinions, and attitudes as an important source of knowledge in social work. Based on the research outcomes, the authors discuss topics such as: the role of experts, empowerment, breaking the stereotypes and ethical issues related to experts’ participation. They conclude with practical recommendations.     

Education for a sustainable future? Students’ experiences of workshops on ethical dilemmas

ABSTRACT

The goal of education for sustainable development (ESD) is to promote the values, behaviors, and lifestyles that are needed to find solutions to global economic, social, and environmental challenges. Social work and social work education have an important role to play in ESD, and poverty reduction, health, and well-being are important issues for social work as well. UNESCO, as well as the provisions of the Sweden’s Higher Education Ordinance, emphasizes the importance of higher education in meeting the future challenges to creating a sustainable society. Social work education at Örebro University has a long tradition of collaboration with service user organizations, for example by holding workshops on ethical dilemmas. This article describes these workshops and explores the students’ experiences of them. Four themes were identified: the perspective of ‘the other’ (and my own role), the importance of a nonjudgmental approach, the complexity of ethical dilemmas, and awareness of the complexity of social work. The workshops give the students a platform where they can gain practical knowledge and experience. Through the workshops, the students began to reflect on their own inner ethical compass, as well as on their own role and the challenging nature of social work.     

媒介沉浸对用户社会认同的影响——基于网络语境效应

为了探索网络语境中媒介沉浸对用户社会认同的影响机制，以语义沉浸、表象沉浸及情景沉浸为自变量，社会认同为因变量，自我概念与群际识别为中介变量构建理论模型，通过问卷调查法获取相关数据，并运用结构方程模型对数据进行处理和分析。研究发现：（1）网络语境中语义沉浸、表象沉浸及情景沉浸分别通过自我概念及群际识别的中介作用，对用户社会认同产生显著负向影响；（2）语义沉浸对用户社会认同的影响效应最大，表象沉浸次之，情景沉浸最小；（3）语义沉浸、表象沉浸及情景沉浸对用户社会认同的影响效应，在用户的人口统计学上存在显著性差异。根据该研究结论，可对媒介沉浸类型进行甄别和分类，从而实现网络空间的差异化监管、引导和治理。     

技术赋能、用户规模与共享经济社会福利

以Airbnb和Uber为代表的共享经济业态已成为学术界关注热点，但当前研究侧重于商业模式，而忽视了凸显其"普惠"本质的社会福利分析。基于共享经济市场结构演进的三个典型阶段，本文构建理论模型刻画了技术赋能、用户规模与社会福利之间的内在关系。研究发现：在起步阶段，市场处于局部垄断状态，此时共享经济社会福利存在损失，且福利水平主要取决于技术赋能；在发展阶段，各个共享经济平台的市场范围产生重叠，平台企业间扩张用户规模的竞争将提升社会福利；在成熟阶段，平台间并购而形成"竞争性垄断"市场结构，此时社会福利可能再次得到提升。进一步的模型分析揭示了其内在机理：技术赋能对社会福利具有"替代"和"挖掘"的双重效应，而用户规模则对社会福利产生了"正负"两方面的外部性影响。本文为共享经济的平台战略和政府规制提供了有益指导。     

Semantics of patient choice: how the UK national guideline for depression silences patients

Several stakeholders, including the National Survivor User Network and the British Psychological Society, have called for the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) to include an up-to-date review of patient experience research in the new depression guideline. In response, the Guideline Committee (GC) postponed publication, the guideline now due in February 2020. Yet the GC also stated it will not review patient experience research. Instead, it will incorporate a new element of ‘patient choice’, without elaborating what this entails. Here, we attempt to untangle a number of similar sounding terms including ‘patient choice’, ‘patient preference’, ‘patient experience research’ and ‘service user involvement’ in terms of how they relate to the NICE depression guideline. We argue that by conflating these concepts and implying that one will serve the purpose of another equally well, NICE risks leaving patients without a real voice, their perspectives buried in semantically void rhetorical jargon.     

用户界面和用户界面管理系统的发展

介绍用户界面模型的基本组成部分,阐述用户界面管理系统的基本功能,指出建立用户概念模型的重要性．     

基于用户集合势估计的认知无线电合作频谱感知

频谱感知技术是认知无线电系统的基本功能,是实现已授权频段的次级动态接入和共享的前提。提出基于用户集合势估计的合作频谱感知方案,旨在通过GEEF（gerschgorin exponentially embedded families）,SPEEF（sam-pled power exponentially embedded families）等算法估计出用户的集合势,即适合参与合作频谱感知的最优用户个数,再从全部合作用户中筛选出相应的频谱观测数据生成全局检测统计量,通过与判决门限进行对比,最终对授权用户状态做出判决。理论分析与实验结果表明,提出的方案能够有效地提高频谱感知的性能。     

基于多属性分块决策的5G切换算法

为了解决5G异构网络在切换过程中单一处理切换参数的片面性问题,提出了一种适用于5G的新的切换算法,该算法基于多属性分块决策（modular multi-attribute decision making,M-MADM）理论,把切换参数分为2个模块,采用TOPSIS与层析分析相结合的方法选择最优网络QoS（network QoS,NQ）模块,其次利用模糊逻辑得到用户偏好（user preference,UP）模块,再对最终满意度（degree of satisfaction,DS）模块作一次模糊处理,选择最优结果执行切换。仿真结果表明,M-MADM算法与传统算法相比,可减少时延,降低切换失败率,并能快速准确地切换至最优网络,提高用户满意度。