Bell不等式实验检验进展综述

Bell不等式（1964）提出了定域隐变量理论和量子力学对比的量化标准,导致了首次在实验上区别这两个理论的可能性。自1972年Clauser等人第一个实验以来,至今已完成了几十个实验。占压倒多数的实验的结果同量子力学的预言符合得很好而违反定域隐变量理论的预言。本文第一节首先讨论了这些实验中的某些漏洞,第二和第三节分别概述了1972—1982年所完成的12个实验和1985年至今所完成的31个实验的结果。最后强调地指出,尽管至今还没有一个实验能同时封闭定域性漏洞和检测漏洞,但实验结果是不可逆转的。因此,理论物理学家应当承认当前的物理学基础是分裂的,即量子力学同相对论是矛盾的。     

Does Supermarket Purchase Affect the Dietary Practices of Households? Some Empirical Evidence from Guatemala

Very little is known about how changes in the retail environment affect consumers’diet and health status, especially in developing countries. This article examines the impact of supermarket purchases on the dietary practices of households in Guatemala, using an instrumental variable method to take account of the potential endogeneity of the supermarket purchase variable. The results reveal that supermarket purchases increase the share of highly and partially processed foods at the expense of staple foods, and are also positively and significantly associated with individual Body Mass Index. Different policy moves should be envisaged towards‘healthier’diets.     

General mixed‐data model: Extension of general location and grouped continuous models

The authors propose a general model for the joint distribution of nominal, ordinal and continuous variables. Their work is motivated by the treatment of various types of data. They show how to construct parameter estimates for their model, based on the maximization of the full likelihood. They provide algorithms to implement it, and present an alternative estimation method based on the pairwise likelihood approach. They also touch upon the issue of statistical inference. They illustrate their methodology using data from a foreign language achievement study.     

数据挖掘中多分类有序变量间距差异分析及应用

文章在明确累积logistic回归模型的基础上,针对多分类有序变量存在间距差异的问题,提出了统计检验方法并引入工具虚拟变量对logistic模型加以改进,通过其在实际中的应用,取得了良好的效果.     

边坡结构可靠性通用公式的矩阵形式研究

针对复杂边坡结构,将多个参数考虑成随机变量,利用矩阵理论推导了结构安全系数K和可靠指标β的矩阵通用计算公式,以及均质边坡结构对应的特例公式.结果表明,这些公式反映边坡稳定性的规律性,可为有限层边坡结构可靠性分析方法在实际工程中的推广使用提供方便,并为其模块化编程提供了理论依据.     

谈英语教学中的实验性研究--对一项写作教学实验的个案分析

通过对一项写作教学实验的个案分析,讨论了英语教学实验中有关被试者的挑选,变量的控制和实验设计方面应注意的问题,并对该项实验研究提出了自己的修改意见.     

企业垂直兼并动因的数量经济分析

对在企业垂直兼并中，当上下游企业分别处于典型的微现市场环境时所具有的不同效果及其动因进行了分析。对企业生产函数分为固定比例和可变比例函数两种情况进行了讨论。     

Bayesian variable selection for longitudinal substance abuse treatment data subject to informative censoring

Summary.  Measuring the process of care in substance abuse treatment requires analysing repeated client assessments at critical time points during treatment tenure. Assessments are frequently censored because of early departure from treatment. Most analyses accounting for informative censoring define the censoring time to be that of the last observed assessment. However, if missing assessments for those who remain in treatment are attributable to logistical reasons rather than to the underlying treatment process being measured, then the length of stay in treatment might better characterize censoring than would time of measurement. Bayesian variable selection is incorporated in the conditional linear model to assess whether time of measurement or length of stay better characterizes informative censoring. Marginal posterior distributions of the trajectory of treatment process scores are obtained that incorporate model uncertainty. The methodology is motivated by data from an on-going study of the quality of care in in-patient substance abuse treatment.     

A Class of Estimators Using Auxiliary Information in Two-Stage Sampling

This paper presents a general class of estimators for the finite population total when the emphasis is laid on the use of two auxiliary variables in a two-stage sampling.