Completing the Circle

Abstract

The four themes of the Circle of Courage, a Native American medicine wheel that focuses on child socialization, connect with and add to key ideas from Western theories of human development. These themes are belonging, mastery, independence, and generosity. The purpose of this paper is to present a framework developed from the integration of the Circle of Courage with theories of human development. A key feature of the framework is the role of adults in providing guidance, modeling, and affirmation. Assessment guidelines to promote the resilience of children and youth in out-of-home care are developed from the framework. The long term goal of the framework is to “complete the circle”; that is to foster the resilience of young people in care so that they can in turn provide to guidance, modeling, and affirmation.     

大学英语听力网络自主学习环境中教师的角色定位——基于学生期望与教师实际课堂教学行为差异比较

通过对基于网络的大学英语自主学习环境中教师角色定位的实证研究,结果发现：在网络自主学习中,学生希望自己的老师担任“倡导者、指导者、监控者、评估者和心理协调者”的角色.虽然教师和学生的信念一致,但学生的期望和教师的实际课堂教学行为之间存在显著性差异.造成差异的主要原因在于传统的教学观念、模式、方法、评估方式以及教师的素质.有鉴于此,从树立信念、提高素质、传授策略、监控和评估过程、重视学生心理情感因素等5个方面,对学校和教师提出了建议.     

浅析大学自治与学术自由

大学自治与学术自由作为现代大学的基本精神,需要制度性的规定进行保障。学术自由是一个相对的概念,没有超然于现实政治之外的学术绝对自由。问题的关键在于:如何将学术自由与政治保持在适当的距离?而这个适当的距离又如何衡量?很显然,以纯粹探求知识为目的、在动机上排除政治性的功利主义动机是将学术研究与政治保持距离的基本要求。但是,另一方面,正如洪堡所提出的那样,政府及国家的作用不应限制教授治校的原则与学术研究的内容及方向,更不能影响知识的传承。     

Individual and community effects of women's education and autonomy on contraceptive use in India

This study makes use of the National Family Health Survey of 1998‐99 to investigate whether differences in women's autonomy can explain much of the relationship between education and contraceptive use among married Indian women with at least one child. The analyses show that a woman's education does not influence her contraceptive use through a strengthening of her position in relation to that of men, but that the inclusion of a simple indicator of her general knowledge reduces education effects appreciably. Further, the average educational level of other women in the census‐enumeration area has an effect on a woman's contraceptive use above and beyond that of her own education. This effect cannot be explained by the specific indicators of autonomy, but can to some extent be explained by the son preference of the community. The latter is a more general autonomy indicator that may also pick up other contextual factors.     

Health conditions in rural and urban areas of developing countries

The poor quality and meagre supply of data prohibit conclusions as to the relationship of health status to rural-urban residence in underdeveloped countries. Demographic indicators of health, specifically infant mortality and average life expectancy, do not seem to vary systematically according to rural-urban residence in the less developed countries ofAsia, Africa and Latin America. Further differences between rural and urban areas in availability of health services and facilities do not always conform with apparent differences between the areas in health status. However, nutritional standards, housing conditions, and sanitation, water supply and other pertinent environmental circumstances account to some extent for differences observed in health status between rural and urban inhabitants of these countries.     

2012年中国民族法学研究述评

2012年中国民族法学研究成果颇丰。其中,论文约有320余篇,比2011年增加了100余篇。这些研究在内容上有以下特点：一是内容较为全面,其中,民族习惯法、民族司法的研究比往年增多,民族政治权利成为年度重要话题;二是内容上的交叉研究增多;三是出现了一些综述性、反思性研究成果;四是关注了一些热点事件和话题;五是应用性研究成果较多。这些研究在方法上有以下特点：一是研究视角的多元化,协商民主成为年度新话题;二是注重实证研究;三是注重比较研究。在全面梳理的基础上,笔者根据研究内容所涉及的民族法学基本理论、民族权利保护、民族区域自治、民族法制建设、民族习惯法、民族法制史、民族司法等方面分别对其主要成果进行了介绍与评价,在辨别良莠、展示精华的同时,为不断繁荣中国民族法学提供可借鉴的年度综合性史料。     

论学习自主性与语言学习自主性的同源效应

外语教学的成功与否不只是一个教的问题,在很大程度上取决于学生的学习态度和方法.以"学习者为中心"的课程教学模式意味着学生将承担更多的学习责任.以学习自主性的理论认识为基础,探讨如何培养学生的语言学习自主性的若干策略.     

偶像产业的文化治理实践

在媒介化社会与消费赋权的时代,偶像产业的生产文本从文化文本逐渐偏转至关注个人价值的社会资本类文本。偶像产业注重建构价值引导力,并被期待能够更多服务于社会公共利益,进而作为文化治理推进的基础之一。偶像产业的主要行动者在社群自治与社会共治两个层面上,通过互动、沟通与协商以及制衡,不断达成社会共识、革新社会文化观念,其也为国家治理现代化的实践提供了更多可能。     

中外合作办学项目学生英语学习自主性研究

基于对中国与澳大利亚＂3＋1＂合作办学项目学生的问卷调查,研究分析了国内预科阶段学生的英语学习自主性情况,包括学习动机、学习策略使用等。研究结果显示,此类学生英语学习自主能力总体较差,缺乏足够的内在动机和对各种学习策略的合理使用。文章以此为根据,为取得更好的中外合作办学英语教学的效果,提出了一些改进措施。