西方公共文化发展的理论视界与实践模式

自20世纪80年代以来,西方出现的公共选择理论、新公共管理理论、新公共服务理论、公共治理理论等,为发达国家文化行政改革和公共文化发展提供了理论范式.在这些理论的指引下,各国在公共文化发展中形成了多种实践模式,尤以“政府主导”模式、“民间主导”模式、“分权化模式”最为典型.当代中国的公共文化建设,在某种程度上具有公共文化领域发展的一般规律.理论背景与实践经验的借鉴,可以更好地促使我国公共文化服务保持与社会发展总体目标的一致性.     

汉语第一人称代词的历史演变

古汉语中的第一人称代词主要有“吾、我、余（予）、朕、印、台”几个,在不断地发展演变后“我”在现代汉语第一人称代词中占据了主体地位.汉语语言历时长久,第一人称代词从古至今在数量、称数、格各方面都经历了深刻的发展变化。     

过渡时期:向哪里过渡?

马克思所说的过渡时期是向共产主义社会第一阶段过渡,而不是向共产主义社会高级阶段过渡;而向共产主义社会第一阶段过渡,仅仅完成消灭剥削阶级的任务是远远不够的,还必须完成消灭阶级的历史任务。20世纪以来社会主义实践中存在的一个重要问题,就是提前宣布进入社会主义,混淆了过渡时期与共产主义社会第一阶段的界限,造成了理论与实践之间的严重错位。     

从“多元一体格局”到“跨体系社会”——民族研究的区域视角与超民族视野

近代以来的民族研究主要是在民族主义知识框架下展开的。在民族研究中,民族被放置于主体性地位,因而无法在更为广阔的视野内呈现民族社会复杂多样的关系。因此,需要在研究方法与知识视野上有所突破。通过对"多元一体格局"理论和"跨体系社会"理论的评述,本文认为,在民族研究中,区域视角与超民族视野更能呈现出丰富多样的关系。     

A Lagrangian Non Central Negative Binomial Distribution of the First Kind

A Lagrangian probability distribution of the first kind is proposed. Its probability mass function is expressed in terms of generalized Laguerre polynomials or, equivalently, a generalized hypergeometric function. The distribution may also be formulated as a Charlier series distribution generalized by the generalizing Consul distribution and a non central negative binomial distribution generalized by the generalizing Geeta distribution. This article studies formulation and properties of the distribution such as mixture, dispersion, recursive formulas, conditional distribution and the relationship with queuing theory. Two illustrative examples of application to fitting are given.     

Predictive inference for linear and multivariate linear models with ma(1) error processes

The prediction distributions of future responses from the linear and multivariate linear models with errors having a first order moving average (MA(1)) process have been derived. First, we obtained the marginal likelihood function for the moving average parameter 6 and from this likelihood function we estimate the maximum likelihood estimates (MLE) of θ. Using the estimated value θ, we have derived the prediction distributions as well as prediction regions for the future responses. An example has been included.     

Reliability Characteristics of the Maxwell Distribution: A Bayes Estimation Study

ABSTRACT

This article presents maximum likelihood, Bayes, and empirical Bayes estimators of the truncated first moment and hazard function of the Maxwell distribution. A comparison of the relative efficiency of these three estimators is performed via a Monte Carlo simulation study.     

美国“三重奏”大学生帮扶项目的实施、效果与启示

自1965年起,美国联邦政府逐渐建立起“三重奏”大学生帮扶项目体系,可视为是对以家庭第一代大学生为代表的低社会经济地位青年文化资本和社会资本储备不足问题的回应。作为该项目体系的三个初始子项目,“攀登极限”“人才发掘”“学生支持服务”主要通过提供学业辅导,帮助准备入学考试,提供各类资助信息并协助学生完成申请程序,提供参与文化活动机会等方式发挥作用。研究表明,“三重奏”体系有效提升了参与学生的录取率、保留率和毕业率。为进一步推进中国高等教育公平,借鉴美国经验,我们应重视对家庭第一代大学生的非经济支持,前置其介入时间并保持连续性,并注意发挥高等学校的主导性作用。     

Applying the Housing First approach to single-site permanent supportive housing

This study explored how the U.S. Departments of Housing and Urban Development-Veterans Affairs Supportive Housing (HUD-VASH) program applies Housing First principles in the context of ten single-site programs. Focus group discussions with 64 HUD-VASH staff and community partners explored how the programs were influenced by Housing First principles and specific strategies to implement these principles in a single-site setting. Focus group respondents described resourceful ways that the principles of Housing First were implemented in their programs specifically related to (1) housing choice and structure, (2) separation of housing and services, (3) service philosophy, and (4) service array. Several of the Housing First domains cite the importance of integrated housing and the provision of services off-site; it was of particular interest to learn how single-site programs address these issues logistically. Lessons learned from this study include the importance of leveraging the independent yet overlapping tasks of case management and property management to ensure functional – if not geographic – separation of housing and services; maintaining staff on-site to address Veterans’ needs; working with community service organizations to complement the array of service available to residents; and housing single-site programs in mixed-use buildings.     

略论中国文化形象在西方视野中的演变

在西方文化视野中,中国文化镜像经历了一个漫长的演变过程。中国,这个存在于西方人想象与现实之间的“他者”形象,时而美好,时而邪恶。在西方不同历史时期呈现不同的中国文化镜像与文化信息传播的客观条件和传播主体的需要有着密切的关系,也与西方的文化精神和意识形态有着密切的关系。在文化全球化的今天,我们应该以高度的文化自觉和自信积极进行中西文化对话,构建中华文化的世界舞台,打造中华文化新形象。