中国特色志愿服务理论建构中的“中国梦”目标定向

中国梦的提出为中国特色志愿服务发展确定了方向,也为其提供了基本的功能指向。中国特色志愿服务通过制度化建设,发挥社会个体的积极作用等方式实现其经济建设、人力资本增值和社会结构建设的功能;它以社会主义为根本道路,进一步凝聚人民大众这一社会基础,全面提升国家软实力,是凝聚民族振兴大业的社会基础;同时,它以社会和谐为目标,践行公平正义理念,追求人的高层次满足,实现百姓幸福的极大化,是人民幸福的重要社会元素。     

Social Constructs and Human Service: Managerial Sensemaking of Volunteer Motivation

Managers of volunteers in human service interpret their job and experiences through a cognitive construct grounded in past interactions and experiences. This construct—sensemaking—then guides the managers' perceptions of subsequent interactions with peers, volunteers, and supervisors. Volunteers similarly make sense of their surroundings through cognitive constructions grounded in their own experiences. Unfortunately, managers and volunteers do not always make sense of their surroundings in the same way. Research has demonstrated that supervisors and paid employees may not necessarily agree in their perceptions of such issues as, for example, employee motivation. Such differences can lead to disagreements about the meaning of behaviors and the design of reward systems, eventually compromising organizational performance. In this study, sensemaking of volunteer motivation was assessed from the manager's perspective and compared with a previous study of volunteers themselves. Differences in understanding such a primary question as why volunteers are present can reasonably be expected to have an impact on organizational effectiveness. Interestingly, the predicted outcome of a different sensemaking schema was not supported in either the understanding of motivation or in the relative importance assigned to altruism. Additional attributes of volunteer managers were also considered to determine if sensemaking is driven by environmental factors such as exposure to volunteers, tenure as a volunteer manager, or social roles associated with gender constructs. These additional attributes were not found to significantly affect the process of attribution of altruistic motives.     

北京公众参与志愿服务动机研究

人们参与志愿服务的动机是在综合内在需求与外在诱因的基础上建构而成的,可以分为理想型、回报型、学习型、交往型、盲目型五种类型。文章对北京公众就这五类动机的认同情况进行实证考察,进而分析和比较不同群体的志愿服务动机状况。在此基础上,文章提出了面对各类动机的基本态度,并着重就志愿服务项目设计、机制建设提出了政策建议。     

Service learning from the supply side: Community capacity to engage students

The rapid increase in the use of service learning raises important public policy questions about who is being served and whether partner agencies have the capacity to meet student demand for community‐based experiences. This article uses a large sample of nonprofit organizations and a comparative framework to examine the characteristics of partner agencies and the scope and nature of college student community involvement. Multivariate analysis tests these factors on a community agency's ability to engage more students, particularly service learners. The findings are generally optimistic about agency willingness to involve students, suggesting widespread community benefits from their involvement. While organizational size and capacity predict current student engagement, an agency's past experience with students and its perceptions of student benefits have the greatest impact on its willingness to take on future students.     

志愿服务增强青年价值观自信研究

价值观自信是中国人民对社会主义核心价值观所持的积极肯定的态度。志愿服务的内在价值追求和外在实践形式,使其与价值观自信具有很大的内在契合度和关联性。志愿服务是教育青年、引导青年的载体,是青年增长才干、提升自我的平台,是青年了解中国、认识世界的窗口,因此是增强青年价值观自信的有力抓手。基于志愿服务增强青年群体价值观自信,就必须进一步重视志愿服务、弘扬志愿精神,延伸志愿服务的广度和深度,构建志愿服务的长效体制机制。     

广州亚运会志愿服务绩效评估研究

广州亚运会志愿服务绩效评估围绕"亚运志愿时"展开,客观评估与主观评估相结合,较好地反映了志愿者的实际绩效,有利于激发志愿者的服务积极性,但也存在绩效评估目标不明确、评估指标单一和评估与培训相脱节等缺陷。大型体育赛事志愿服务绩效评估应根据志愿者的心理需求,以激励为主,制定合理的绩效评估目标,并合理选择评估方法和做好绩效反馈与沟通工作。     

Guests on the Aegean: interactions between migrants and volunteers at Europe’s southern border

Many would-be tourists were dissuaded from vacationing on Greece’s Aegean islands in 2016, in the aftermath of 2015’s ‘migrant crisis’. However, the islands witnessed an increased arrival of atypical ‘tourists’, among them volunteers intent on helping. This study is based on research undertaken on the islands of Lesvos and Chios in Greece as a volunteer myself. I focus on the figure of the volunteer, as an emergent humanitarian actor in border regions, to highlight issues with the way hospitality is currently being extended by one group of guests to another, at Europe’s frontiers. I investigate the way in which interactions between migrants and volunteers often end up reinforcing, rather than challenging, the distinction between them, and thus contribute to the legitimization of the current European border regime.     

基于志愿服务活动的医学生道德素质培养机制研究--以右江民族医学院为例

大学生志愿服务活动不仅对社会公益事业的发展做出了很大的贡献,也对医学生的道德养成具有重要价值。本文在对我高校志愿服务活动调查研究的基础上,分析了志愿服务活动存在的问题,并从宣传机制、培训机制、激励机制、经费筹备机制四个方面探索了健全志愿服务活动,提高医学生道德素质养成的机制。     

论我国的公民自主意识及其培育

充分发育的公民社会是现代国家实现社会文明的基石,而其发育需要成熟的公民自主意识作为内在动力。公民自主意识是公民参与社会事务的主动性和能动性的内在体现。而我国长期受集权主义政治模式的影响,公民自主意识缺乏,导致公民在社会事务管理中存在较强的官方依赖心理和志愿失灵、弃权渎责现象。只有完善公民意识教育政策,通过塑造公民人格、学校教育和社会引导及社会实践来激发公民主体意识、强化公民权责意识和参与意识,才能使公民养成理性成熟的自主意识,为我国公民社会的发展和社会的现代化提供内生动力。     

公司自愿解散及其正当性研究

公司自愿解散是在股东合意基础上作出的,符合法律规定条件和程序的自愿解散,其合法性是毋庸置疑的。但此时的合法性只能称其为形式上的合法性,是否具有实质正当性则需要考察更多的内容。公司作为私人组织,股东享有解散公司的权利,但是现代公司具有较强的社会性,其行为会对社会及利害关系人产生一定的影响。股东自愿解散公司是对股东愿望的满足,其行为产生的负外部效应可能要由社会来消化,在这种情况下,法律应当以其所蕴涵的精神促进公司伦理道德的提升并通过适当的制度安排来消解股东自愿解散公司所造成的负外部影响。