Quotas on runs of successes and failures in a multi-state markov chain

For the time-homogeneous multi-state Markov chain {X_n,n≧0} with states labeled as "0" (success) and "f"(failure), f=1,2,… the waiting time problems to be discussed arise by setting quotas on runs of success and failures. Some particular cases are considered.     

The existence of waiting time moments for single server queues with mixed renewal and poisson inputs

The following queuing system is considered: Two independent recurrent input streams (streams 1 and 2) arrive at a server. It is assumed that stream 1 is of Poisson type. Three priority disciplines are studied in case that customers of type 1 have priority: head-of-the-line, preemptive-resume, and preemptive-repeat discipline. For all three cases, the limiting distribution function of actual waiting times of low-priority customers is considered, and conditions are given for the existence of moments related to these limiting distributions.     

Differential Health and Social Needs of Older Adults Waitlisted for Public Housing or Housing Choice Vouchers

Affordable housing is an important form of income security for low-income older persons. This article describes characteristics of older persons waitlisted for either public housing or a housing choice voucher (HCV; previously Section 8) in Portland, Oregon. 358 persons (32% response rate) completed a mailed survey with questions about demographics, health and housing status, food insecurity, and preference for housing with services. Findings indicate that many waitlisted older persons experienced homelessness or housing instability, poor health, high hospital use, and food insecurity. Public housing applicants were significantly more likely to report lower incomes, homelessness, and food insecurity than HCV applicants. We conclude with policy implications for housing and health agencies that serve low-income older persons.     

不确定条件下的IT外包时机选择问题研究

IT外包的业务环境、技术环境和需求的不确定性往往会引起IT服务成本的不确定性。针对IT服务成本的不确定性和IT外包投资的不可逆性,运用传统净现值方法和实物期权方法比较固定价格合同、成本加成定价合同和收益共享合同3种常见合同的外包临界值,分析3种合同下客户企业的等待价值,并讨论客户企业推迟外包情形时的等待时间。研究结果表明,实物期权方法得出的外包临界值高于净现值方法得出的外包临界值;等待价值随无风险利率的增大而减小,随漂移率、变动率的增大而增大;当漂移率与变动率平方的比值大于二分之一时,客户企业选择外包的期望等待时间受无风险利率、漂移率和变动率的影响,其他情形下客户企业的期望等待时间不受无风险利率、漂移率和变动率的影响。研究结论为不确定条件下客户企业外包与否和外包时机的选择提供理论支持和实践指导。     

论《等待戈多》的“等待”主题

从"等待"主体的自我分裂、"等待"内在维度的破碎性及"等待"对象的不自明三个方面论述贝克特的《等待戈多》的"等待"主题,揭示出这部荒诞派戏剧代表作对现代世界、现代人的生存境遇及其精神危机深刻而敏锐的探索,反映了荒诞无所不在地把人桎梏于枷锁中。人在不断异化的过程中,"等待"也由传统意义上的外在行为状态固化为人的本质。     

Modeling and Managing the Percentage of Satisfied Customers in Hidden and Revealed Waiting Line Systems

We perform an analysis of various queueing systems with an emphasis on estimating a single performance metric. This metric is defined to be the percentage of customers whose actual waiting time was less than their individual waiting time threshold. We label this metric the Percentage of Satisfied Customers (PSC.) This threshold is a reflection of the customers' expectation of a reasonable waiting time in the system given its current state. Cases in which no system state information is available to the customer are referred to as “hidden queues.” For such systems, the waiting time threshold is independent of the length of the waiting line, and it is randomly drawn from a distribution of threshold values for the customer population. The literature generally assumes that such thresholds are exponentially distributed. For these cases, we derive closed form expressions for our performance metric for a variety of possible service time distributions. We also relax this assumption for cases where service times are exponential and derive closed form results for a large class of threshold distributions. We analyze such queues for both single and multi‐server systems. We refer to cases in which customers may observe the length of the line as “revealed” queues.“ We perform a parallel analysis for both single and multi‐server revealed queues. The chief distinction is that for these cases, customers may develop threshold values that are dependent upon the number of customers in the system upon their arrival. The new perspective this paper brings to the modeling of the performance of waiting line systems allows us to rethink and suggest ways to enhance the effectiveness of various managerial options for improving the service quality and customer satisfaction of waiting line systems. We conclude with many useful insights on ways to improve customer satisfaction in waiting line situations that follow directly from our analysis.     

绍兴市区交通红绿灯配时优化模型研究——以大龙市场十字路口为例

通过分析十字交叉路口的几何临界条件和车流量通行的临界条件,建立了左转车道待转区的设置模型.以绍兴市区大龙市场交叉路口为例,建立了相位绿灯时间下的十字路口红绿灯配时方案.在此基础上进一步考虑黄灯闪亮时间的配时模型.     

召唤与等待——阅读的“城堡”

对卡夫卡《城堡》的种种诠释正在系统地遗忘它作为小说艺术的本来面目。读者反应理论把阅读看作是对文本召唤结构的响应和参与,而作品的意义就在于文本与读者之间互动的事件本身。在对《城堡》的阅读中,读者的阅读行为将与K的寻求乃至人生中的等待构成一种相互阐释的呼应关系。     

“帕奈”号(Panay)事件

本文依据美国国会图书馆手稿部档案,详细披露了1937年日军在进攻南京时,不顾国际惯例悍然向巡航在南京上游长江段的中立国美国炮舰帕奈号发动空袭并将其炸沉的全过程,以及事件发生后美英等国的国际反应和美日间的外交斡旋。并指出,这一事件与四年后日本对珍珠港的偷袭行径如出一辙,时至今日仍发人深省。     

O2O模式下服务商的价格和时间决策

研究了拥有实体渠道的服务商是否应该开通O2O渠道和开通O2O渠道后服务商应该如何定价和确定服务水平的问题。首先,考虑实体渠道的等待时间对消费者效用的影响,构建了消费者渠道选择模型,得到了服务商具有定价权时服务商的渠道策略和定价策略,结果表明,消费者对实体店的等待时间的敏感度高于对价格的敏感度。其次,把价格作为常量,考虑等待时间对服务商成本的影响,研究了不具有定价权时服务商的渠道策略和服务水平策略,结果表明只有在O2O渠道价格较低和实体渠道的时间成本也较低时,服务商采用同时开通两个渠道的策略。