Caring about independent lives

With the rhetoric of independence, new cash for care systems were introduced in many developed welfare states at the end of the 20th century. These systems allow local authorities to pay people who are eligible for community care services directly, to enable them to employ their own careworkers. Despite the obvious importance of the careworker’s perceptions of a welfare system aimed at independence for disabled people, this perspective is under‐researched. This article explores this perspective by outlining three examples of careworker strategies (a continuing carer biography, searching for new horizons and acting pragmatically) identified in a cross‐national case study of cash for care in the UK and Norway. The strategies are mainly derived by considering different positions in the labour market and different ways of carrying out this carework. Overall, the paper intends to contribute to the understanding of the complex welfare dilemma between user independence and the nature of carework.     

英美法上的要物合同机制及其启示

关于我国民法典中要物合同的存废,英美法上的要物合同机制可带来不少启示。英美法的经验所传递的信息是,要物合同被确立下来依赖于其无偿的人际关系的产生背景,正是在此基础上,它适用＂没有给就没有还＂的法律逻辑。它被保留下来,很大程度上是法律传统使然。进一步分析,还可以补充上法律目的与法律伦理等方面的理由。在对待要物合同的问题上,建议以前述理由为据,保留无偿的传统要物合同,将有偿要物合同予以诺成化改造。     

语文课堂提问策略初探

课堂提问是决定语文课堂教学成败的重要因素 ,把握不好就会严重影响课堂教学效果。语文课堂提问应从语文教学规律和中学生特点出发 ,科学把握提问策略 ,正确对待学生质疑问难     

论寿险经营风险的防范和控制

寿险经营 ,实质上是一种负债经营 ,而且由于寿险风险具有隐藏性、累积性、爆发性和危害性的特点 ,一旦爆发 ,就可能造成严重的社会后果 ,这就需要寿险公司及其监管机构及早识别寿险经营中存在的风险 ,进行防范和控制 ,以维持寿险经营的稳定。本文从防范和控制寿险经营风险的必要性出发 ,分析了寿险经营中存在的各种风险 ,尝试运用财务分析法中的各种指标测试来识别这些风险 ,提出了监管机构、寿险公司和自律组织在寿险经营风险防范和控制中应采取的各种措施。     

“低碳城市”的道德之维及实践路径

面对城市现代化带来的负面效应挑战，“低碳城市”理念应运而生。从伦理学视角来看，“低碳城市”是一种对于人的生存方式和发展模式的道德诠释，它的出发点是“人”，实践理念是人与自然关系的和谐，价值归宿是“人，诗意的栖居”。要实现真正的“低碳城市”必须从根本上进行生产变革，同时，个体要进行“生活革命”。     

试论方干的隐居及其心态

方干被称为一位“不识朝、不识市”的高隐，其实并非如此。他早年及中老年时曾在睦州故乡和镜湖过着隐居生活，但身在江湖却心存魏阙。他曾多次应举求仕，却屡遭挫折，一生始终未能抑制住为求仕而躁动的心。经历多次挫折之后，他感叹愤激，不时地唱出了似若敝席功名、豁达自处、甘于隐退的诗句，然而这正是他急于求仕而不得时发出的心声，表现出不甘于隐逸而追求入仕的微妙心态     

中国古代弹劾制度探析

中国古代弹劾制度是封建监察制度的核心内容,弹劾权是御史的最重要权力.其权力运行特点在皇帝直接领导下,独立行使,弹章直达御前,皇帝亲自裁决,威慑百官.     

Tests of hypotheses based on ranks in the general linear model

A unified approach is developed for testing hypotheses in the general linear model based on the ranks of the residuals. It complements the nonparametric estimation procedures recently reported in the literature. The testing and estimation procedures together provide a robust alternative to least squares. The methods are similar in spirit to least squares so that results are simple to interpret. Hypotheses concerning a subset of specified parameters can be tested, while the remaining parameters are treated as nuisance parameters. Asymptotically, the test statistic is shown to have a chi-square distribution under the null hypothesis. This result is then extended to cover a sequence of contiguous alternatives from which the Pitman efficacy is derived. The general application of the test requires the consistent estimation of a functional of the underlying distribution and one such estimate is furnished.     

关于对战争遗址保护和开发的几点思考

战争遗址属于文物古迹的重要组成部分,黑龙江地区的战争遗址或者是指经过战争或用于战争遗留下来的遗址或遗迹,或者是殖民侵略者在占领地居住的建筑遗址或遗物,或者是抗击侵略者进行斗争和生活的遗址或遗迹。但由于众多因素,许多战争遗址已经遭到破坏或者正在遭到破坏。本文拟就我省战争遗址的保护与开发提出自己的几点思考。     

高校内部本科教学质量监控点的选择

教学质量监控是进行教学质量保障的重要组成部分，对教学质量要实行重点控制，才能起到突破一点，带动全局的作用，才能确保高校内部本科教学质量监控的有效性和针对性。教学质量监控点选择得准确与否直接关系到教学质量管理的成效。教学质量监控点的选择具有相对性、有限性、层次性和阶段性，监控点选择的广度会涉及管理的成本和代价。选择教学质量监控点应遵循科学性原则、有效性原则、动态性原则、适当性原则。