水资源统一管理是解决中国水问题的惟一选择

阐述了水资源统一管理的依据及其统一管理的优点 ,提出了实施水资源统一管理的近期行动框架的建议 :(1)成立统一管理的组织机构 ;(2 )加大《中华人民共和国水法》修改的力度和步伐 ;(3)抓紧进行水价上调工作。     

Exploratory Study on Drug Users’ Perspectives on Quality of Life: More than Health-Related Quality of Life?

In drug treatment outcome literature, a focus on objective and socially desirable indicators of change (e.g. no drug use) has predominated, while outcome indicators that are important for drug users themselves (e.g. quality of life, satisfaction with treatment) have largely been neglected. Nonetheless, Quality of Life (QoL) has become an important concept to evaluate effectiveness of treatment in mental health care research and disability studies. Given the almost exclusive focus on Health-related Quality of Life (HRQOL) in substance abuse research and the neglect of clients’ perspectives in this field, we explore in this study the concept of QoL as perceived by drug users. Focus group discussions (n = 9) were organised in various treatment settings and community services for drug users in the region of Ghent, Belgium to identify important dimensions of QoL and their interpretation by drug users. Data were clustered and analysed based on the theoretical framework of Robert Schalock (Quality of life. Volume 1: Conceptualization and measurement, 1996). The domains ‘personal relationships’, ‘social inclusion’ and ‘self-determination’ were discussed most frequently by the participants. They stressed the importance of a supportive social network in particular. It can be concluded that QoL is not primarily associated by drug users with health and it involves much more than the aspects typically represented in measures of HRQOL.     

Emergency Law in China: Its Formation,Present State and Future

中国非常法律的形成, 是为了应对紧急事件。这类法律由法律法规、应急预案和 军事法规等组成, 规定了战争状态、紧急状态和应急状态三种非常状态, 致力于建构 专业化大分工基础上的综合统一体制。在实践中, 应急预案取代了法律法规, 成为紧 急事件治理的基本规范依据; 政府和武装力量处于主导地位。中国非常法律基于必要 而形成, 其适用具有临时性, 主要内容具有授权性和预防性。非常法律未来发展的主 要目标是: 与中国特色社会主义法律体系衔接, 制定紧急状态下的基本法, 完善非常 法律的各项具体机制。

关键词: 非常状态 综合治理 执行主导 预防性法律

China’s emergency laws have emerged as a result of dealing with crises. They comprise laws and regulations, emergency plans, and military regulations, and define three exceptional or emergency states: war, emergency and emergency response, with the aim of constructing a comprehensive integrated system based on the specialized division of labor. In practice, however, emergency plans take the place of laws and regulations and provide the fundamental normative basis for tackling emergencies, with government and the military playing the dominant role. Developing out of necessity and possessing temporary applicability, China’s emergency laws are characterized by authorization and prevention. Integrating emergency law with the socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics, formulating basic law for emergency situations and improving the specific mechanisms of emergency law should be regarded as major steps in its future development.     

华庆地区长6深水沉积低渗透砂岩储层特征

通过大量岩芯、铸体薄片、扫面电镜及物性资料分析，对鄂尔多斯盆地华庆地区长6段砂岩的沉积特征、岩石学特征、孔渗特征、成岩作用类型、孔隙结构及孔隙类型等进行了深入研究。研究表明，以深水浊积砂体为主的长6储层具有沉积物粒度偏细、成分成熟度较低、结构成熟度中等的岩石学特点；储集空间主要是原生粒间孔隙和次生溶蚀孔隙，孔隙结构以中、小孔细喉型为主。研究区孔隙度与渗透率具有较好的正相关性，为一套典型的低孔、低渗到特低孔、特低渗的储层。     

少数民族地区水电移民安置的特殊性问题——来自四川少数民族移民的调查

西部水电资源的开发使少数民族移民问题日益突出,政策与实践的不匹配集中体现了现行政策框架未充分考虑少数民族的特殊性。目前水电移民研究多集中于移民安置补偿、扶持政策、利益分配等一般理论与实践层次,尚缺乏针对少数民族地区水电移民特殊性的深入研究。本文欲通过对少数民族地区水电移民安置特殊性问题的分析及探讨,旨在探求适应其发展的相应政策和途径,真正实现少数民族地区资源、人和社会的和谐发展,从而促进我国西部水电资源的可持续开发。     

同质异形的神灵谱系--藏族湖神与水神关系透视

湖神与水神在藏族地区大量存在。文章从藏族民俗现实出发 ,认为水神与湖神主要有三种存在状态 :湖神与水神分离 ;水神是湖神信仰的核心 ;水神与湖神的互置。文章分析了湖神与水神信仰相异的原因。     

壮族的民间信仰与民俗医疗

壮族的传统医药文化非常丰富,民间至今依然盛行与宗教信仰密切相关的“神药两解”的民俗医疗方法。笔者在田野调查中发现,壮族乡村的病人在积极寻求药物治疗的同时,还借助麽公、囊妹、道士等神职人员施行各种仪式来治病,且往往能取得意想不到的效果。本文拟从田野资料出发,借鉴医学人类学的相关理论,以目前壮族农村盛行的巫术与祝由疗法为例,来探讨壮族的民间信仰与民俗医疗的关系。     

Identification of Nonseparable Models Using Instruments With Small Support

I consider nonparametric identification of nonseparable instrumental variables models with continuous endogenous variables. If both the outcome and first stage equations are strictly increasing in a scalar unobservable, then many kinds of continuous, discrete, and even binary instruments can be used to point‐identify the levels of the outcome equation. This contrasts sharply with related work by Imbens and Newey, 2009 that requires continuous instruments with large support. One implication is that assumptions about the dimension of heterogeneity can provide nonparametric point‐identification of the distribution of treatment response for a continuous treatment in a randomized controlled experiment with partial compliance.     

Inference on Causal Effects in a Generalized Regression Kink Design

We consider nonparametric identification and estimation in a nonseparable model where a continuous regressor of interest is a known, deterministic, but kinked function of an observed assignment variable. We characterize a broad class of models in which a sharp “Regression Kink Design” (RKD or RK Design) identifies a readily interpretable treatment‐on‐the‐treated parameter (Florens, Heckman, Meghir, and Vytlacil (2008)). We also introduce a “fuzzy regression kink design” generalization that allows for omitted variables in the assignment rule, noncompliance, and certain types of measurement errors in the observed values of the assignment variable and the policy variable. Our identifying assumptions give rise to testable restrictions on the distributions of the assignment variable and predetermined covariates around the kink point, similar to the restrictions delivered by Lee (2008) for the regression discontinuity design. Using a kink in the unemployment benefit formula, we apply a fuzzy RKD to empirically estimate the effect of benefit rates on unemployment durations in Austria.     

贸易开放对中国水环境污染影响的实证研究

文章基于2004-2013年中国31个省市的面板数据,采用动态面板模型和差分GMM估计方法,分别选取化学需氧量排放和氨氮排放作为水环境污染的有机污染物和无机污染物的排放指标,对贸易开放的结构效应引致的中国水环境污染排放进行了实证研究.研究结果表明,经济增长的规模和技术效应是影响水环境污染排放的主要因素,直接结构效应对中国水污染排放的影响不显著,贸易开放的结构效应也在一定程度上加剧了中国水环境污染的排放.通过引入贸易开放的相关交叉项进一步对决定贸易结构效应的比较优势来源进行识别,结果发现,对于中国水环境污染排放并不存在所谓的“污染天堂效应”和“要素禀赋效应”.贸易的结构效应会导致西部经济欠发达地区的水污染排放降低,而对中东部经济相对发达地区,贸易的结构效应会引致其水污染排放量的增大和排放强度的加剧.