试论西部地区发展特色经济的市场条件

特色经济应该是具有发展活力和市场竞争力、有市场供给和需求条件的经济,应该是有效率的经济,是一种扬优成势的经济。特色经济是相比较而言,不存在绝对意义上的特色经济。发展特色经济取决于资源禀赋。由于资源要素结构及配置过程的差异性,不同区域的经济结构总是存在差异,区域差异是一种自然状态。区域差异是发展特色经济的基础。发展西部地区特色经济要确立市场观念、竞争观念、效率观念。     

论西域文化与民族关系的发展

文章从汉文化在西域的传播条件、西域的屯垦移民促使汉文化的广泛传播、西域教育使汉文化逐步植根于少数民族文化等方面论述了文化维系力的重要性。     

西部开发、劳动力流动与少数民族教育

为了推动西部大发展 ,我国政府开始实施西部大开发战略 ,各种体制改革不断深化 ,地区劳动力流动更为频繁。处在这一背景下的西部各民族特别是少数民族面临着严峻的就业挑战。本文分析了西部劳动力的结构、就业特点 ,希望能通过具体的教育措施提高少数民族劳动力的竞争能力 ,为保持西部地区繁荣、稳定做出贡献。     

洪仁玕“新政”近代元素的渊源?--从“三十年后说康梁”说起

明清之际,西学渐次东渐。由于中国统治阶层对此漠然处之,因此对于当时之中国影响不大。鸦片战争清帝国战败的事实惊醒了一部分中国人,开始重新审视西学,建议将其作为一种改造中国的手段而加以运用。在西学东渐的过程中,西方传教士厥功至伟,洪仁玕作为一位基督教的虔诚信仰者,对于西学在中国的传播起到了与西方同行相同的作用,并集中体现于其与西学有深刻渊源之著述———《资政新篇》。     

To what extent is social security spending associated with enhanced firm-level performance? A case study of SMEs in Indonesia

Although the relationship between social protection and enterprise performance is much debated in the literature, evidence is particularly limited in the case of small and medium-sized enterprises in developing economies. Using census data from 2010 to 2014, this article examines how the provision of social security influenced business performance in Indonesia. The author finds that increased social security spending of 10 per cent is associated with a per-worker revenue gain of up to 2 per cent. Moreover, profits are not found to decrease with increased social protection coverage, suggesting that increasing worker benefits may be a worthwhile business investment.     

Secondary school dropout and work outcomes in ten developing countries

This paper analyzes the impact of secondary school dropout on the work outcomes of young people in ten developing countries. Understanding such a phenomenon is important because it may affect work prospects, exacerbate income inequality and determine macroeconomic lasting effects given that the formation of a skilled workforce is a key element of economic development and growth.When accounting for endogeneity, we find that secondary school dropout decreases the probability of being employed in non-elementary occupations, suggesting that unskilled workers fail to meet the increasing demand for a skilled workforce. Secondary school dropout, indeed, hinders the accumulation of adequate levels of human capital and anticipates entry into the unskilled labor market.Thus, policy-makers should aim at the extension and efficacy of compulsory education to the secondary level to avoid future under-education problems to promote a skilled workforce and encourage economic development and growth in the long run.     

Early-life mortality clustering in families: A literature review

Research on early-life mortality in contemporary and historical populations has shown that infant and child mortality tend to cluster in a limited number of high-mortality families, a phenomenon known as ‘mortality clustering’. This paper is the first to review the literature on the role of the family in early-life mortality. Contemporary results, methodological and theoretical shortfalls, recent developments, and opportunities for future research are all discussed in this review. Four methodological approaches are distinguished: those based on sibling deaths, mother heterogeneity, thresholds, and excess deaths in populations. It has become clear from research to date that the death of an older child harms the survival chances of younger children in that family, and that fertility behaviour, earlier stillbirths, remarriages, and socio-economic status all explain mortality clustering to some extent.     

相对主义、怀疑主义:现代西方哲学中的幽灵

在认识论、科学哲学、逻辑学、伦理学等领域,相对主义、怀疑主义取代决定论,是现代西方哲学最基本的特征之一。现代西方哲学中的相对主义、怀疑主义倾向,是对传统哲学中以黑格尔哲学为主要代表的绝对主义的反动;相对主义、怀疑主义的严重泛滥,也使得现代西方哲学内部蕴涵着否定自身的危机。     

Inter‐country wage differences in the European Union

This article investigates the determinants of wage gaps between European Union countries along the wage distribution, applying the methodology proposed by Firpo, Fortin and Lemieux (2009) and Fortin, Lemieux and Firpo (2011). The authors conclude that both wage structure and composition effects contribute to explaining wage differentials, but that the wage structure effect is more important. This latter effect would appear to derive from differences between unknown factors, while the composition effect can largely be explained by differences in the following areas: education, proportion of workers with supervisory responsibilities, occupational structure, and, to a lesser extent, industrial structure.     

Informal Food Production in the Enlarged European Union

How widespread is the production of food in old and new member states of the European Union and what is the social meaning or logic of such activities? We show that growing food is (a) more widespread in former communist countries than in traditional market economies and (b) is predominantly a hobby or recreational activity in affluent countries, but a coping strategy in reaction to experienced difficulties in making ends meet in poorer nations, and especially so in the former communist countries.