A Conditional Likelihood Ratio Test for Structural Models

This paper develops a general method for constructing exactly similar tests based on the conditional distribution of nonpivotal statistics in a simultaneous equations model with normal errors and known reduced‐form covariance matrix. These tests are shown to be similar under weak‐instrument asymptotics when the reduced‐form covariance matrix is estimated and the errors are non‐normal. The conditional test based on the likelihood ratio statistic is particularly simple and has good power properties. Like the score test, it is optimal under the usual local‐to‐null asymptotics, but it has better power when identification is weak.     

我国西南民族地区与东部地区农村发展差距研究

比较分析我国西南民族地区与东部地区农村发展差距及原因,提出缩小农村发展差距的对策。     

On an asymptotic relative efficiency concept based on expected volumes of confidence regions

ABSTRACT

The paper deals with an asymptotic relative efficiency concept for confidence regions of multidimensional parameters that is based on the expected volumes of the confidence regions. Under standard conditions the asymptotic relative efficiencies of confidence regions are seen to be certain powers of the ratio of the limits of the expected volumes. These limits are explicitly derived for confidence regions associated with certain plugin estimators, likelihood ratio tests and Wald tests. Under regularity conditions, the asymptotic relative efficiency of each of these procedures with respect to each one of its competitors is equal to 1. The results are applied to multivariate normal distributions and multinomial distributions in a fairly general setting.     

Simulation study of confidence regions for canonical variate analysis

Canonical variate analysis often involves the construction of confidence regions round points representing group means in a 2-dimensional plot. Traditionally circles have always been constructed, but some authors have recently advocated ellipses as being more appropriate. This paper describes a Monte Carlo study investigating the effect of a range of factors on the inclusion rates of true population means within both types of region for normal data. The traditional circles do not perform too badly within a restricted range, but they are nearly always under-included. The ellipses usually have higher inclusion rates, and so are often closer to the nominal rate, but are sometimes over-included.     

Saddlepoint approximations for some models of circular data

In this article we provide saddlepoint approximations for some important models of circular data. The particularity of these saddlepoint approximations is that they do not require solving the saddlepoint equation iteratively, so their evaluation is immediate. We first give very accurate approximations to P-values, critical values and power functions for some optimal tests regarding the concentration parameter under wrapped symmetric α-stable and circular normal models. Then, we consider an approximation to the distribution of a projection of the two-dimensional Pearson random walk with exponential step sizes.     

西部高等教育研究文本特征与内容分析

西部地区是我国改革开放以来的经济欠发达地区,就高等教育而言,与东部、中部相比,在规模和质量上同样存在较大差距。西部地方高校是培养西部经济、社会、文化发展所需人才的摇篮,其高等教育质量直接影响到西部的经济、社会、文化的发展。该文围绕文本数量、文本主题、文本类型等维度对2001—2010年十年间西部高等教育研究文本进行了系统的定量分析,这一文献梳理既呈现出我国西部高等教育研究的特点,也反映出西部高等教育研究存在的不足,对进一步加强西部高等教育研究具有重要的意义。     

从经济学的分类看经济学、政治经济学与西方经济学之间的关系

在总结已有认识成果的基础上探讨经济学、政治经济学和西方经济学的性质及其相互关系，主张经济学的学科归类应当遵循基本标准唯一性原则，并以列表的形式简明地反映出理论经济学和应用经济学各门分支之间的复杂关系。     

多元参照的文化视觉--论张贤亮小说中人物的精神世界

张贤亮是当代最著名的西部作家,他的小说具有强烈的现代意识.他善于对笔下的人物做深刻的心理分析,通过各色人物的心理和精神世界来表现他们的命运,反思他们各自的文化.他把当代知识分子放在一个特定的历史背景和多元文化交叉的环境中探讨他们的沉沦和超越,从而沉思我们民族心理和性格的改造和重建,这使他的小说呈现出独特的文学魅力和文化价值.     

论民族地区高校在少数民族艺术传承中的作用

中华民族艺术文化历史悠久,少数民族音乐舞蹈艺术更是其中的瑰宝之一。处于少数民族地区的高等学校不仅要培养人才,还要承担起传播和发展少数民族艺术文化的历史使命。本文结合地处湘西的吉首大学音乐舞蹈学院少数民族音乐舞蹈方面的教学探索活动进行总结,以期对民族民间艺术的保存和发展提供一些启示。     

儿童文学与上海出版业的渊源

上海为什么会成为中国儿童文学的摇篮?儿童文学在中国上海的出现是历史的必然选择还是一种意外收获?本文将着重从西法印刷、晚清传教士办报以及商务印书馆和中华书局的创建,考察早期著名儿童刊物的创刊、早期重要儿童文学论著的出版,解析上海近现代出版业的兴起与儿童文学的渊源,探寻儿童文学在中国发生、发展的坎坷之路。